Ammonium Chromate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Chromium is a Block D, Group 6, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Chromium's shells is 2, 8, 13, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d5 4s1. In its elemental form chromium's CAS number is 7440-47-3. The chromium atom has a radius of 124.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Hexavalent chromium is toxic. Chromium is highly resistant to corrosion. This has led to its use in numerous alloying and steel producing applications. When chromium is added to glass or ceramic glazes, it produces a brilliant green. Chromium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is also used as a paint pigment for this purpose.Although chromium metal is an essential trace element, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is especially toxic and carcinogenic. Recently, chromites have formed the basis for cathode compositions for oxygen generation and fuel cell applications. Chromium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. Chromium was first discovered by Anders Ekeberg in 1802. Due to its various colorful compounds, Chromium was named after the Greek word 'chroma' meaning color. See Chromium research below.
Bioremediation of Cr(VI) and Immobilization as Cr(III) by Ochrobactrum anthropi.
Cheng Y, Yan F, Huang F, Chu W, Pan D, Chen Z, Zheng J, Yu M, Lin Z, Wu Z. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jul 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20608725.
Proteogenomic and functional analysis of chromate reduction in Acidiphilium
cryptum JF-5, an Fe(III)-respiring acidophile. Magnuson TS, Swenson MW, Paszczynski AJ, Deobald LA, Kerk D, Cummings DE. Biometals. 2010 Jul 1. [Epub ahead
of print] PubMed PMID: 20593301.
Enhanced chromate reduction by
resting Escherichia coli cells in the presence of quinone redox mediators.
Liu G, Yang H, Wang J, Jin R, Zhou J, Lv H. Bioresour Technol. 2010 Jun 26. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20584598.
Tricaesium
tris(oxalato-kappa(2)O(1),O(2))chromate(III) dihydrate. Martin L, Christian A, Akutsu H. Acta Crystallogr C. 2010
Jun;66(Pt 6):m157-9. Epub 2010 May 8. PubMed PMID: 20522938.
Removal of chromate and phosphate anion from
aqueous solutions using calix[4]aren receptors containing proton switchable
units. Ertul S, Bayrakci M, Yilmaz M. J Hazard Mater. 2010 Jun 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20579808.
Leucobacter
chromiiresistens sp. nov., a novel chromate-resistant strain in the genus
Leucobacter. Sturm G, Jacobs J, Spröer C, Schumann P, Gescher J. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2010 May 28. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 20511468.
Proteomics reveals a core molecular
response of Pseudomonas putida F1 to acute chromate challenge. Thompson DK, Chourey K, Wickham GS, Thieman SB, VerBerkmoes NC, Zhang B,
McCarthy AT, Rudisill MA, Shah M, Hettich RL. BMC Genomics. 2010
May 19;11:311. PubMed PMID: 20482812.
Microbial products (biosurfactant and extracellular chromate
reductase) of marine microorganism are the potential agents reduce the oxidative
stress induced by toxic heavy metals. Gnanamani A, Kavitha V, Radhakrishnan N, Suseela Rajakumar G, Sekaran G,
Mandal AB. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2010 Apr 22.
[Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20483569.
Removal of selected nuisance
anions by Octolig. Martin DF, Lizardi CL, Schulman E, Vo B, Wynn D. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2010
Jan;45(9):1144-9. PubMed PMID: 20560089.
Effects of
physicochemical factors on Cr(VI) removal from leachate by zero-valent iron and
alpha-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles. Liu TY, Zhao L, Tan X, Liu SJ, Li JJ, Qi Y, Mao GZ. Water Sci Technol. 2010;61(11):2759-67. PubMed
PMID: 20489248.
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