American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopeia/British Pharmacopeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Arsenic Phosphide Sputtering Targets with the highest possible density and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Arsenic as rod , ingot, powder, pieces, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
Arsenic is a Block P, Group 15, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Arsenic's shells is 2, 8, 18, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3. In its elemental form arsenic's CAS number is 1327-53-3. The arsenic atom has a radius of 124.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 185.pm. Arsenic in the organic form is not harmful but in the inorganic form it is extremely toxic even in very small amounts. Arsenic has numerous applications as a semiconductor and other electronic applications as Indium arsenide, silicon arsenide and tin arsenidea. Arsenic is finding increasing uses as a doping agent in solid-state devices such as transistors. Gallium arsenide is used as a laser material to convert electricity directly into coherent light. Arsenic is used in bronzing and for hardening and improving the sphericity of shot. Due to its toxicity, arsenic compounds are used in insecticides and wood preservation.Arsenic is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Arsenic information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. See Arsenic research below.
Phosphorus is a Block P, Group 15, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Phosphorus's shells is 2, 8, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p3. In its elemental form Phosphorus's CAS number is 7723-14-0. The Phosphorus atom has a radius of 110.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180.pm. Although white phosphorus is very toxic, red phosphorus is not considered toxic. Phosphorus information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Arsenic trioxide treatment decreases the oxygen consumption rate of tumor cells and radiosensitizes solid tumors.
Diepart C, Karroum O, Magat J, Feron O, Verrax J, Buc Calderon P, Grégoire V, Leveque P, Stockis J, Dauguet N, Jordan BF, Gallez B.
Cancer Res. 2011 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22139377
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Arsenic-Induced Straighthead: An Impending Threat to Sustainable Rice Production in South and South-East Asia!
Azizur Rahman M, Mamunur Rahman M, Hasegawa H.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22139332
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparative Soil Metal Analyses in Sudbury (Ontario, Canada) and Lubumbashi (Katanga, DR-Congo).
Narendrula R, Nkongolo KK, Beckett P.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22139330
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the arsenic repressor ArsR from Corynebacterium glutamicum.
Santha S, Pandaranayaka EP, Rosen BP, Thiyagarajan S.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):1616-8. Epub 2011 Nov 26.
PMID:
22139180
[PubMed - in process]
Arsenic contamination and speciation in surrounding waters of three old cinnabar mines.
Larios R, Fernández-Martínez R, Silva V, Loredo J, Rucandio I.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Dec 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22139034
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Arsenic Exposure and Hypertension: A Systematic Review.
Abhyankar LN, Jones MR, Guallar E, Navas-Acien A.
Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22138666
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Metals in biology: defining metalloproteomes.
Yannone SM, Hartung S, Menon AL, Adams MW, Tainer JA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22138493
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Total and inorganic arsenic concentrations in different species of economically important algae harvested from coastal zones of Chile.
Díaz O, Tapia Y, Muñoz O, Montoro R, Velez D, Almela C.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Nov 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22138359
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Zamzam water: Concentration of trace elements and other characteristics.
Shomar B.
Chemosphere. 2011 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22138338
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Removal of methylated arsenic using a nanostructured zirconia-based sorbent: Process performance and adsorption chemistry.
Zheng YM, Yu L, Chen JP.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Oct 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22137855
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Humans seem to produce arsenobetaine and dimethylarsinate after a bolus dose of seafood.
Molin M, Ulven SM, Dahl L, Telle-Hansen VH, Holck M, Skjegstad G, Ledsaak O, Sloth JJ, Goessler W, Oshaug A, Alexander J, Fliegel D, Ydersbond TA, Meltzer HM.
Environ Res. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22137101
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A modified batch reactor system to study equilibrium-reactive transport problems.
Jeppu GP, Clement TP, Barnett MO, Lee KK.
J Contam Hydrol. 2011 Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22136983
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Identification of the GST-T1 and GST-M1 Null Genotypes using High Resolution Melting Analysis.
Drobna Z, Del Razo LM, Garcia-Vargas G, Sanchez-Ramirez B, Gonzalez-Horta C, Ballinas ML, Loomis D, Styblo M.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22136492
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Uranium and trace elements in phosphate fertilizers-saudi arabia.
Khater AE.
Health Phys. 2012 Jan;102(1):63-70.
PMID:
22134079
[PubMed - in process]
Natural attenuation of arsenic in soils near a highly contaminated historical mine waste dump.
Drahota P, Filippi M, Ettler V, Rohovec J, Mihaljevic M, Sebek O.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Nov 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22134035
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Removing arsenic from synthetic groundwater with iron electrocoagulation: An Fe and As K-edge EXAFS study.
van Genuchten CM, Addy SE, Pena J, Gadgil A.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22132945
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Embryotoxicity assessment of developmental neurotoxicants using a neuronal endpoint in the embryonic stem cell test.
Baek DH, Kim TG, Lim HK, Kang JW, Seong SK, Choi SE, Lim SY, Park SH, Nam BH, Kim EH, Kim MS, Park KL.
J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Dec 1. doi: 10.1002/jat.1747. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22131109
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparing different means of signal treatment for improving the detection power in HPLC-ICP-MS.
Prikler S, Pick D, Einax JW.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22130722
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Biological monitoring versus air monitoring strategies in assessing environmental-occupational exposure.
Jakubowski M.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22130625
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Overexpression of alfalfa mitochondrial HSP23 in prokaryotic and eukaryotic model systems confers enhanced tolerance to salinity and arsenic stress.
Lee KW, Cha JY, Kim KH, Kim YG, Lee BH, Lee SH.
Biotechnol Lett. 2011 Nov 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22127759
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recent Research & Development for Phosphorus
Consumption of whole
grains is associated with improved diet quality and nutrient intake in children
and adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.
O'Neil CE, Nicklas TA, Zanovec M, Cho SS, Kleinman R. Public Health Nutr. 2010 Oct 6:1-9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20923597.
Chemical and microbiological changes during
vermicomposting of coffee pulp using exotic (Eudrilus eugeniae) and native
earthworm (Perionyx ceylanesis) species. Raphael K, Velmourougane K. Biodegradation. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead
of print] PubMed PMID: 20922463.
Synthesis, structure,
and reductive elimination in the series Tp'Rh(PR(3))(Ar(F))H; Determination of
rhodium-carbon bond energies of fluoroaryl substituents. Tanabe T, Brennessel WW, Clot E, Eisenstein O, Jones WD. Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct
5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20924525.
Nutrient concentrations in Maryland non-tidal
streams. Morgan RP 2nd, Kline KM. Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20890788.
Hereditary disorders of renal
phosphate wasting. Alizadeh Naderi AS, Reilly RF; Medscape. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 20924400.
New Synthesis of 3-Trifluoromethylpyrroles by
Condensation of Mesoionic 4-Trifluoroacetyl-1,3-oxazolium-5-olates with
Phosphorus Ylides. Saijo R, Hagimoto Y, Kawase M. Org Lett. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20923166.
Structural and electronic properties of
luminescent copper(i) halide complexes of bis[2-(diphenylphosphano)phenyl] ether
(DPEphos). Crystal structure of [CuCl(DPEphos)(dmpymtH]. Aslanidis P, Cox PJ, Tsipis AC. Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct
4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922239.
Changes in
Microbial Community Structure and Function of Drinking Water Treatment
Bioreactors Upon Phosphorus Addition. Li X, Upadhyaya G, Yuen W, Brown J, Morgenroth E, Raskin L. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20889793.
Determination of a set
of surrogate parameters to assess urban stormwater quality. Miguntanna NS, Egodawatta P, Kokot S, Goonetilleke A. Sci Total Environ.
2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20888615.
A review on the effects of environmental conditions on growth and toxin
production of Ostreopsis ovata. Pistocchi R, Pezzolesi L, Guerrini F, Vanucci S, Dell'aversano C, Fattorusso
E. Toxicon. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 20920514.
Tenofovir-associated severe bone pain: I cannot walk! Jhaveri MA, Mawad HW, Thornton AC, Mullen NW, Greenberg RN. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS
Care (Chic Ill). 2010 Sep-Oct;9(5):328-34. PubMed PMID: 20923957.
Characteristics of contaminants in water and
sediment of a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent. Lee S, Maniquiz MC, Kim LH. J Environ
Sci (China). 2010;22(6):940-5. PubMed PMID: 20923110.
Effect of a seasonal diffuse pollution migration on
natural organic matter behavior in a stratified dam reservoir. Yu SJ, Lee JY, Ha SR. J Environ Sci
(China). 2010;22(6):908-14. PubMed PMID: 20923105.
Water-saving
irrigation of paddy field to reduce nutrient runoff. Hitomi T, Iwamoto Y, Miura A, Hamada K, Takaki K, Shiratani E. J Environ Sci (China).
2010;22(6):885-91. PubMed PMID: 20923101.
Scenario
analysis for reduction of pollutant load discharged from a watershed by recycling
of treated water for irrigation. Shiratani E, Munakata Y, Yoshinaga I, Kubota T, Hamada K, Hitomi T. J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):878-84. PubMed
PMID: 20923100.
Modeling the effects of constructed wetland
on nonpoint source pollution control and reservoir water quality improvement. Ham J, Yoon CG, Kim HJ, Kim HC. J
Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):834-9. PubMed PMID: 20923093.
Evaluation of non-point source
pollution reduction by applying best management practices using a SWAT model and
QuickBird high resolution satellite imagery. Lee M, Park G, Park M, Park J, Lee J, Kim S. J Environ Sci (China).
2010;22(6):826-33. PubMed PMID: 20923092.
Understanding nutrient
build-up on urban road surfaces. Miguntanna NP, Goonetilleke A, Egodowatta P, Kokot S. J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):806-12. PubMed
PMID: 20923089.
Monitoring of non-point source pollutants
load from a mixed forest land use. Yoon SW, Chung SW, Oh DG, Lee JW. J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):801-5.
PubMed PMID: 20923088.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopeia/British Pharmacopeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Arsenic Phosphide Sputtering Targets with the highest possible density 
and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Arsenic as rod , ingot, powder, pieces, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
Arsenic is a Block P, Group 15, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Arsenic's shells is 2, 8, 18, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3. In its elemental form arsenic's CAS number is 1327-53-3.
The arsenic atom has a radius of 124.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 185.pm. Arsenic in the organic form is not harmful but in the inorganic form it is extremely toxic even in very small amounts. Arsenic has numerous applications as a semiconductor and other electronic applications as Indium arsenide, silicon arsenide and tin arsenidea. Arsenic is finding increasing uses as a doping agent in solid-state devices such as transistors. Gallium arsenide is used as a laser material to convert electricity directly into coherent light. Arsenic is used in bronzing and for hardening and improving the sphericity of shot. Due to its toxicity, arsenic compounds are used in insecticides and wood preservation.Arsenic is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in 
the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Arsenic information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. See Arsenic research below. 
Phosphorus is a Block P, Group 15, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Phosphorus's shells is 2, 8, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p3. In its elemental form Phosphorus's CAS number is 7723-14-0. The Phosphorus atom has a radius of 110.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180.pm. Although white phosphorus is very toxic, red phosphorus is not considered toxic. Phosphorus information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
