American Elements specializes in producing high purity Cadmium Indium Tellurium Lump with the highest possible density and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Our standard lump pieces are amorphous uniform pieces in sizes ranging from 5-15 mm. Lump materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into granules, rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. See research below.
Cadmium is a Block D, Group 12, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Cadmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2. In its elemental form cadmium's CAS number is 7440-43-9. The cadmium atom has a radius of 148.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 158.pm. Cadmium and its compounds are very toxic. Cadmium is a component of some of the lowest melting alloys; it is used in bearing alloys with low coefficients of friction and great resistance to fatigue. Cadmium is used extensively in electroplating, which accounts for about 60% of its use. It is also used in many types of solder, for standard E.M.F.. cells, for nickel-cadmium batteries, and as a barrier to control nuclear fission. Cadmium compounds are used in black and white television phosphors and in blue and green phosphors for color television tubes and CRT monitors. Cadmium in glass and ceramic glazes creates a distinctive cadmium yellow. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. Cadmium and its compounds are extremely toxic. Cadmium was first discovered by Fredrich Stromeyer in 1817. See Cadmium research below. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. The name Cadmium originates from the Latin word 'cadmia' and the Greek word 'kadmeia'. See Cadmium research below.
Indium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Indium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1. In its elemental form indium's CAS number is 7440-74-6. The indium atom has a radius of 162.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 193.pm. Indium is only slightly toxic. Indium has found application in semi-conductor materials and other electronic applications. It is used to make low-melting alloys, such as an alloy of 24% indium - 76% Indium is liquid at room temperature. It is used in making bearing alloys, germanium transistors, rectifiers, and photoconductors. It can be plated onto metal and evaporated onto glass, forming a mirror as good as that made with silver but with more resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Indium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Indium is also used in various metal alloys (See AE Alloys). Indium was first discovered by Ferdinand Reich in 1863. See Indium research below.
Tellurium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Tellurium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4. In its elemental form tellurium's CAS number is 13494-80-9. Tellurium is very toxic and can cause birth defects. The tellurium atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 206.pm. Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor, and shows greater conductivity in certain directions, depending on alignment of the atoms. It is grown in crystalline form with other elements such as indium telluride. Its conductivity increases slightly with exposure to light which makes many tellurides candidates for solar energyapplications. Tellurium improves the machinability of copper and stainless steel, and its addition to lead decreases the corrosive action of sulfuric acid on lead and improves its strength and hardness. Tellurium is used as a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control. Tellurium is used in ceramics. Bismuth telluride has been used in thermoelectric devices. Iron is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below.. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Comparison of Metals in Tissues of Fish From Paradeniz Lagoon in the Coastal Area of Northern East Mediterranean.
Türkmen M, Türkmen A, Tepe Y.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Aug 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822962
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Nematode and snail metallothioneins.
Höckner M, Dallinger R, Stürzenbaum SR.
J Biol Inorg Chem. 2011 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822727
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bi-linear dose-response relationship in general populations with low-level cadmium exposures in non-polluted areas in Japan.
Ikeda M, Moriguchi J, Sakuragi S, Ohashi F.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2011 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822686
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Accumulation of mercury and other heavy metals in edible fishes of Cochin backwaters, Southwest India.
Mohan M, Deepa M, Ramasamy EV, Thomas AP.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822576
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A new in vivo model system to assess the toxicity of semiconductor nanocrystals.
Tino A, Ambrosone A, Mattera L, Marchesano V, Susha A, Rogach A, Tortiglione C.
Int J Biomater. 2011;2011:792854. Epub 2011 May 5.
PMID:
21822433
[PubMed - in process]
Influence of divalent metal ions on E2-induced ER pathway in goldfish (Carassius auratus) hepatocytes.
Chang Z, Lu M, Lee KW, Oh BS, Bae MJ, Park JS.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821289
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Update of the reference and HBM values derived by the German Human Biomonitoring Commission.
Schulz C, Wilhelm M, Heudorf U, Kolossa-Gehring M.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820957
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Long-distance transport, vacuolar sequestration, tolerance, and transcriptional responses induced by cadmium and arsenic.
Mendoza-Cózatl DG, Jobe TO, Hauser F, Schroeder JI.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820943
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The role of phytoplankton in the modulation of dissolved and oyster cadmium concentrations in Deep Bay, British Columbia, Canada.
Cassis D, Lekhi P, Pearce CM, Ebell N, Orians K, Maldonado MT.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820696
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Metal uptake and acute toxicity in zebrafish: Common mechanisms across multiple metals.
Alsop D, Wood CM.
Aquat Toxicol. 2011 Jul 19;105(3-4):385-393. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820385
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The toxicity redox mechanisms of cadmium alone or together with copper and zinc homeostasis alteration: Its redox biomarkers.
Nzengue Y, Candéias SM, Sauvaigo S, Douki T, Favier A, Rachidi W, Guiraud P.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2011 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820296
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Near-infrared luminescence of cadmium pigments: in situ identification and mapping in paintings.
Thoury M, Delaney JK, Rie ER, Palmer M, Morales K, Krueger J.
Appl Spectrosc. 2011 Aug;65(8):939-51.
PMID:
21819784
[PubMed - in process]
Captopril and telmisartan treatments attenuate cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in rats.
Fouad AA, Jresat I.
Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Aug 8. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2011.00974.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21819444
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Physiological characterization of cadmium exposed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
Bräutigam A, Schaumlöffel D, Preud Homme H, Thondorf I, Wesenberg D.
Plant Cell Environ. 2011 Aug 5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02404.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21819413
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A rare `mesh of trees' (mot) net: poly[aquahemi[µ(4)-1,6-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexane](µ(2)-5-nitroisophthalato)cadmium(II)].
Li J, Wu RT, Li HB.
Acta Crystallogr C. 2011 Aug;67(Pt 8):m284-6. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
PMID:
21817790
[PubMed - in process]
Low energy prompt gamma-ray tests of a large volume BGO detector.
Naqvi AA, Kalakada Z, Al-Anezi MS, Raashid M, Khateeb-Ur-Rehman, Maslehuddin M, Garwan MA.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816620
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The parasitic nematodes Hysterothylacium sp. type MB larvae as bioindicators of lead and cadmium: a comparative study of parasite and host tissues.
Khaleghzadeh-Ahangar H, Malek M, McKenzie K.
Parasitology. 2011 Aug 5:1-6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816122
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Phytoavailability, human risk assessment and transfer characteristics of cadmium and zinc contamination from urban gardens in Kano, Nigeria.
Abdu N, Agbenin JO, Buerkert A.
J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4583. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815164
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cadmium toxicokinetics and bioaccumulation in turtles: trophic exposure of Trachemys scripta elegans.
Guirlet E, Das K.
Ecotoxicology. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814846
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Use of chemical methods to assess Cd and Pb bioavailability to the snail Cantareus aspersus: A first attempt taking into account soil characteristics.
Pauget B, Gimbert F, Coeurdassier M, Scheifler R, de Vaufleury A.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jul 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21813240
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Diastereoselective indium-mediated allylation of N-tert-butanesulfinyl ketimines: easy access to asymmetric quaternary stereocenters bearing nitrogen atoms.
Sirvent JA, Foubelo F, Yus M.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281839
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Focusing on Energy and Optoelectronic Applications: A Journey for Graphene and Graphene Oxide at Large Scale.
Wan X, Huang Y, Chen Y.
Acc Chem Res. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280410
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Wheel-Shaped Indium-Telluride Nanocluster [In(18)Te(30)(dach)(6)](6-): Its Formation and Structure.
Wang YH, Luo W, Jiang JB, Bian GQ, Zhu QY, Dai J.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22279965
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Distribution of Cell-Free and Cell-Associated HIV Surrogates in the Female Genital Tract After Simulated Vaginal Intercourse.
Louissaint NA, Fuchs EJ, Bakshi RP, Nimmagadda S, Du Y, Macura KJ, King KE, Wahl R, Goldsmith AJ, Caffo B, Cao YJ, Anderson J, Hendrix CW.
J Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22279121
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Visible to near-infrared light harvesting in Ag(2)S nanoparticles/ZnO nanowire array photoanodes.
Wu JJ, Chang RC, Chen DW, Wu CT.
Nanoscale. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22278401
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Enhancement of light extraction in GaN-based light-emitting diodes using rough beveled ZnO nanocone arrays.
Yin Z, Liu X, Wu Y, Hao X, Xu X.
Opt Express. 2012 Jan 16;20(2):1013-21. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.001013.
PMID:
22274448
[PubMed - in process]
MgO nano-facet embedded silver-based dielectric/metal/dielectric transparent electrode.
Kim S, Yu HK, Hong K, Kim K, Son JH, Lee I, Kim KB, Kim TY, Lee JL.
Opt Express. 2012 Jan 16;20(2):845-53. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.000845.
PMID:
22274430
[PubMed - in process]
Carrier dynamics in InN nanorod arrays.
Ahn H, Yu CC, Yu P, Tang J, Hong YL, Gwo S.
Opt Express. 2012 Jan 16;20(2):769-75. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.000769.
PMID:
22274422
[PubMed - in process]
Coherent and directional emission at 1.55 µm from PbSe colloidal quantum dot electroluminescent device on silicon.
Heo J, Jiang Z, Xu J, Bhattacharya P.
Opt Express. 2011 Dec 19;19(27):26394-8. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.026394.
PMID:
22274223
[PubMed - in process]
Transformation of Indium Nanoparticles to ß-Indium Sulfide: Digestive Ripening and Visible Light-Induced Photocatalytic Properties.
Cingarapu S, Ikenbbery MA, Hamal DB, Sorensen CM, Hohn K, Klabunde KJ.
Langmuir. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22272650
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tailoring 3D-Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Anchored to Indium Tin Oxide for Natural Cellular Uptake and Intracellular Sensing.
Mendes PM, Rawson F, Jackson S, Yeung C.
Nano Lett. 2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22268573
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Vaginal distribution and retention of a multiparticulate drug delivery system, assessed by gamma scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging.
Mehta S, Verstraelen H, Peremans K, Villeirs G, Vermeire S, De Vos F, Mehuys E, Remon JP, Vervaet C.
Int J Pharm. 2012 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22265911
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis and characterization of InNbO(4) nanopowder for gas sensors.
Balamurugan C, Vijayakumar E, Subramania A.
Talanta. 2012 Jan 15;88:115-20. Epub 2011 Nov 26.
PMID:
22265476
[PubMed - in process]
Interfacial effects on the optical behavior of Ge:ITO and Ge:ZnO nanocomposite films.
Shih GH, Allen CG, Potter BG Jr.
Nanotechnology. 2012 Feb 24;23(7):075203. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
PMID:
22261039
[PubMed - in process]
Synthesis of Indium Borate and Its Application in Photodegradation of 4-Chlorophenol.
Yuan J, Wu Q, Zhang P, Yao J, He T, Cao Y.
Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22260653
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrochromic Properties of a Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Derived from Tetra(2-pyridyl-1,4-pyrazine) Ligands Integrated in Thin Multilayer Films.
da Silva CA, Vidotti M, Fiorito PA, Cordoba De Torresi SI, Torresi RM, Alves WA.
Langmuir. 2012 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22260213
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bis-(µ-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxyl-ato)bis-[aqua-(3-carb-oxy-pyridine-2-carboxyl-ato)indium(III)] tetra-hydrate.
Eshtiagh-Hosseini H, Mirzaei M, Mousavinezhad A, Necas M, Mague JT.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2012 Jan 1;68(Pt 1):m71-2. Epub 2011 Dec 21.
PMID:
22259367
[PubMed - in process]
Indium Tin Oxide devices for amperometric detection of vesicular release by single cells.
Meunier A, Fulcrand R, Darchen F, Guille Collignon M, Lemaître F, Amatore C.
Biophys Chem. 2011 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22257976
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A transparent µECoG array for simultaneous recording and optogenetic stimulation.
Ledochowitsch P, Olivero E, Blanche T, Maharbiz MM.
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011 Aug;2011:2937-40.
PMID:
22254956
[PubMed - in process]
Flexible PET/ITO electrode array for implantable biomedical applications.
Ahani A, Saadati-Fard L, Sodagar AM, Boroumad FA.
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011 Aug;2011:2878-81.
PMID:
22254942
[PubMed - in process]
CsTe(2)O(6-x): Novel Mixed-Valence Tellurium Oxides with Framework-Deficient Pyrochlore-Related Structure.
Siritanon T, Li J, Stalick JK, Macaluso RT, Sleight AW, Subramanian MA.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Jul 27. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21793494
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Isolation and characterization of an environmental cadmium and tellurite resistant Pseudomonas strain.
Chien CC, Jiang MH, Tsai MR, Chien CC.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2011 Jul 15. doi: 10.1002/etc.620. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21766319
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Procedure-Controlled Selective Synthesis of 5-Acyl-2-iminothiazolines and their Selenium and Tellurium Derivatives by Convergent Tandem Annulation.
Wang Y, Zhang WX, Wang Z, Xi Z.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Jul 14. doi: 10.1002/anie.201101948. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21761522
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, structures and ab initio studies of selenium and tellurium bis(carbodithioates and carbothioates).
Kato S, Tani K, Ishida M, Nonogaki J, Ebihara M, Hayashi S, Nakanishi W, Niyomura O, Ando F, Koketsu J.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 28;40(32):8156-69. Epub 2011 Jul 13.
PMID:
21750832
[PubMed - in process]
Organomercury(ii) and tellurium(ii) compounds with the "pincer" ligand 2,6-[O(CH(2)CH(2))(2)NCH(2)](2)C(6)H(3)- stabilization of an unusual organotellurium(ii) cationic species.
Beleaga A, Bojan VR, Pöllnitz A, Rat CI, Silvestru C.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Jul 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21743935
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tellurium tetrachloride and diphenyl ditelluride cause cytotoxicity in rat hippocampal astrocytes.
Roy S, Hardej D.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Jul 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21742007
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Physical Properties of Thallium-Tellurium Based Thermoelectric Compounds Using First-Principles Simulations.
Tao X, Jund P, Viennois R, Te´denac JC.
J Phys Chem A. 2011 Aug 11;115(31):8761-8766. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
PMID:
21736349
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Assembly of a family of mixed metal {Mo?:?V} polyoxometalates templated by TeO(3)(2-): {Mo(12)V(12)Te(3)}, {Mo(12)V(12)Te(2)} and {Mo(17)V(8)Te}.
Corella-Ochoa MN, Miras HN, Kidd A, Long DL, Cronin L.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Aug 21;47(31):8799-801. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
PMID:
21734990
[PubMed - in process]
Direct growth of tellurium nanorod arrays on Pt/FTO/glass through a surfactant-assisted chemical reduction.
Liu H, Zeng B, Jia F.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Jul 29;22(30):305608. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
PMID:
21719969
[PubMed - in process]
Synthesis and structure of A(4)V(6)[Te(2)(4+)Te(6+)]O(24) (A = K, Rb)-two new quaternary mixed-valent tellurium oxides.
Zhu T, Qin J, Halasyamani PS.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Jun 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21695319
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Liquid-liquid phase transformations and the shape of the melting curve.
Makov G, Yahel E.
J Chem Phys. 2011 May 28;134(20):204507.
PMID:
21639456
[PubMed - in process]
Optimization of a parallel hole collimator/CdZnTe gamma-camera architecture for scintimammography.
Robert C, Montémont G, Rebuffel V, Verger L, Buvat I.
Med Phys. 2011 Apr;38(4):1806-19.
PMID:
21626915
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Aeration Controls the Reduction and Methylation of Tellurium by the Aerobic, Tellurite-Resistant Marine Yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa.
Ollivier PR, Bahrou AS, Church TM, Hanson TE.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Jul;77(13):4610-7. Epub 2011 May 20.
PMID:
21602387
[PubMed - in process]
Poliovirus 3C proteinase inhibition by organotelluranes.
Gouvea IE, Santos JA, Burlandy FM, Tersariol IL, da Silva EE, Juliano MA, Juliano L, Cunha RL.
Biol Chem. 2011 Apr;392(6):587-91. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
PMID:
21521074
[PubMed - in process]
Evaluation of a CdTe semiconductor based compact gamma camera for sentinel lymph node imaging.
Russo P, Curion AS, Mettivier G, Esposito M, Aurilio M, Caracò C, Aloj L, Lastoria S.
Med Phys. 2011 Mar;38(3):1547-60.
PMID:
21520866
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Neutral tellurium rings in the coordination polymers [Ru(Te9)](InCl4)2, [Ru(Te8)]Cl2, and [Rh(Te6)]Cl3.
Günther A, Isaeva A, Baranov AI, Ruck M.
Chemistry. 2011 May 27;17(23):6382-8. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003558. Epub 2011 Apr 21.
PMID:
21520305
[PubMed - in process]
Coenzyme Q functionalized CdTe/ZnS quantum dots for reactive oxygen species (ROS) imaging.
Qin LX, Ma W, Li DW, Li Y, Chen X, Kraatz HB, James TD, Long YT.
Chemistry. 2011 May 2;17(19):5262-71. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003749. Epub 2011 Apr 18.
PMID:
21503990
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Determination of acrylamide in potato crisps by capillary electrophoresis with quantum dot-mediated LIF detection.
Chen Q, Zhao W, Fung Y.
Electrophoresis. 2011 May;32(10):1252-7. doi: 10.1002/elps.201000683. Epub 2011 Apr 18.
PMID:
21500217
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Capillary electrophoresis immunoassays with conjugated quantum dots.
Klepárník K, Vorácová I, Lisková M, Prikryl J, Hezinová V, Foret F.
Electrophoresis. 2011 May;32(10):1217-23. doi: 10.1002/elps.201000652. Epub 2011 Apr 18.
PMID:
21500216
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
The production of [124I]iodine and [86Y]yttrium.
Schmitz J.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011 May;38 Suppl 1:S4-9. Epub 2011 Apr 12. Review.
PMID:
21484376
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Proud sponsors of Aeromat 2012. Please join us and our customers & co-sponsors Boeing and ATI on
June 18-20, 2012
in Charlotte, North Carolina
American Elements specializes in producing high purity Cadmium Indium Tellurium Lump with the highest possible density and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Our standard lump pieces are amorphous uniform pieces in sizes ranging from 5-15 mm. Lump materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into granules, rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. See research below.
Cadmium is a Block D, Group 12, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Cadmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2. In its elemental form cadmium's CAS number is 7440-43-9. The cadmium atom has a radius of 148.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 158.pm. Cadmium and its compounds are very toxic. Cadmium is a component of some of the lowest melting alloys; it is used in bearing alloys with low coefficients of friction and great resistance to fatigue. Cadmium is used extensively in electroplating, which accounts for about 60% of its use. It is also used in many types of solder,
for standard E.M.F.. cells, for nickel-cadmium batteries, and as a barrier to control nuclear fission. Cadmium compounds are used in black and white television phosphors and in blue and green phosphors for color television tubes and CRT monitors.
Cadmium in glass and ceramic glazes creates a distinctive cadmium yellow. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. Cadmium and its compounds are extremely toxic. Cadmium was first discovered by Fredrich Stromeyer in 1817. See Cadmium research below. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. The name Cadmium originates from the Latin word 'cadmia' and the Greek word 'kadmeia'. See Cadmium research below.
Indium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Indium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1. In its elemental form indium's CAS number is 7440-74-6. The indium atom has a radius of 162.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 193.pm. Indium is only slightly toxic. Indium has found application in semi-conductor materials and other electronic applications. 
It is used to make low-melting alloys, such as an alloy of 24% indium - 76% Indium is liquid at room temperature. It is used in making bearing alloys, germanium transistors, rectifiers, and photoconductors. It can be plated onto metal and 
evaporated onto glass, forming a mirror as good as that made with silver but with more resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Indium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Indium is also used in various metal alloys (See AE Alloys). Indium was first discovered by Ferdinand Reich in 1863. See Indium research below.
Tellurium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Tellurium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4. In its elemental form tellurium's CAS number is 13494-80-9. Tellurium is very toxic and can cause birth defects. The tellurium atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 206.pm. Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor, and shows greater conductivity in certain directions, depending on alignment of the atoms. It is grown in crystalline form with other elements such as indium telluride. Its conductivity increases slightly with exposure to light which makes many tellurides candidates for solar energyapplications. Tellurium improves the machinability of copper and stainless steel, and its addition to lead decreases the corrosive action of sulfuric acid on lead and improves its strength and hardness. Tellurium is used as 
a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control. Tellurium is used in ceramics. Bismuth telluride has been used in thermoelectric devices. Iron is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below.. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below. 
