American Elements specializes in producing Cadmium Bromide in an ultra dry form for use as a compound in semiconductors and other High Purity applications. Ultra Dry Cadmium Bromide is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered. Most metal bromide compounds are water soluble for uses in water treatment, chemical analysis and in ultra high purity for certain crystal growth applications. Bromide in an aqueous solution can be detected by adding carbon disulfide (CS2) and chlorine.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Cadmium is a Block D, Group 12, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Cadmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2. In its elemental form cadmium's CAS number is 7440-43-9. The cadmium atom has a radius of 148.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 158.pm. Cadmium and its compounds are very toxic. Cadmium is a component of some of the lowest melting alloys; it is used in bearing alloys with low coefficients of friction and great resistance to fatigue. Cadmium is used extensively in electroplating, which accounts for about 60% of its use. It is also used in many types of solder, for standard E.M.F.. cells, for nickel-cadmium batteries, and as a barrier to control nuclear fission. Cadmium compounds are used in black and white television phosphors and in blue and green phosphors for color television tubes and CRT monitors. Cadmium in glass and ceramic glazes creates a distinctive cadmium yellow. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. Cadmium and its compounds are extremely toxic. Cadmium was first discovered by Fredrich Stromeyer in 1817. See Cadmium research below. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. The name Cadmium originates from the Latin word 'cadmia' and the Greek word 'kadmeia'. See Cadmium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Gadolinium chloride pretreatment ameliorates acute cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity.
Kyriakou LG, Tzirogiannis KN, Demonakou MD, Kourentzi KT, Mykoniatis MG, Panoutsopoulos GI.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22173957
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In vitro-cultured wheat spikes provide a simplified alternative for studies of cadmium uptake in developing grains.
Ganeshan S, Leis M, Drinkwater JM, Madsen LT, Jain JC, Chibbar RN.
J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Dec 16. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5540. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22173723
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Evaluation of physiological importance of metallothionein protein expressed by Tetrahymena cadmium metallothionein 1 (TMCd1) gene in Escherichia coli.
Suleman A, Shakoori AR.
J Cell Biochem. 2011 Dec 15. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24030. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22173614
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies of Cadmium (II) Adsorption by Modified Agricultural Wastes.
Al Othman ZA, Hashem A, Habila MA.
Molecules. 2011 Dec 15;16(12):10443-56.
PMID:
22173337
[PubMed - in process]
Photochemical synthesis of N-adamantylhomoallylamines through addition of cyclic olefins to imines catalyzed by alumina grafted cadmium sulfide.
Aldemir M, Heinemann FW, Kisch H.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22170328
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Evaluation of the toxic effects of arsenite, chromate, cadmium, and copper using a battery of four bioassays.
Ko KS, Lee PK, Kong IC.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22170103
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Glutathione degradation is a key determinant of glutathione homeostasis.
Baudouin-Cornu P, Lagniel G, Kumar C, Huang ME, Labarre J.
J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22170048
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Cacoa and dark chocolate in cardiovascular prevention?].
Belz GG, Mohr-Kahaly S.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2011 Dec;136(51-52):2657-63. Epub 2011 Dec 14. German.
PMID:
22169919
[PubMed - in process]
Do toxic heavy metals affect antioxidant defense mechanisms in humans?
Wieloch M, Kaminski P, Ossowska A, Koim-Puchowska B, Stuczynski T, Kuligowska-Prusinska M, Dymek G, Mankowska A, Odrowaz-Sypniewska G.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Dec 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22169892
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Gender differences for associations between circulating levels of metals and coronary risk in the elderly.
Olsén L, Lind PM, Lind L.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22169700
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Differential toxicity of cadmium to mustard (Brassica juncia L.) genotypes under higher metal levels.
Bauddh K, Singh RP.
J Environ Biol. 2011 May;32(3):355-62.
PMID:
22167949
[PubMed - in process]
[Cd uptake in rice cultivars and Cd fractions in soil treated with organic acids and EDTA].
Zhang HB, Li YR, Xu WH, Chen GQ, Wang HX, Han GQ, Zhang XJ, Xiong ZT, Zhang JZ, Xie DT.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Sep;32(9):2625-31. Chinese.
PMID:
22165231
[PubMed - in process]
Short-term effects of compost amendment on the fractionation of cadmium in soil and cadmium accumulation in rice plants.
Juang KW, Ho PC, Yu CH.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22161300
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cadmium a metalloestrogen: are we convinced?
Silva N, Peiris-John R, Wickremasinghe R, Senanayake H, Sathiakumar N.
J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Dec 12. doi: 10.1002/jat.1771. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22161274
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Heterologous Expression of a Nelumbo nucifera Phytochelatin Synthase Gene Enhances Cadmium Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Liu Z, Gu C, Chen F, Yang D, Wu K, Chen S, Jiang J, Zhang Z.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22161260
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Low-affinity cation transporter (OsLCT1) regulates cadmium transport into rice grains.
Uraguchi S, Kamiya T, Sakamoto T, Kasai K, Sato Y, Nagamura Y, Yoshida A, Kyozuka J, Ishikawa S, Fujiwara T.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22160725
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Heavy metal contamination in feathers of Western Reef Heron (Egretta gularis) and Siberian gull (Larus heuglini) from Hara biosphere reserve of Southern Iran.
Mansouri B, Babaei H, Hoshyari E.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22160473
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Metal Concentrations in Surface Sediments of Beyler Reservoir (Turkey).
Findik O, Turan MA.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22160166
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Evaluation of genotoxic effects of lead in pottery-glaze workers using micronucleus assay, alkaline comet assay and DNA diffusion assay.
Kasuba V, Rozgaj R, Milic M, Zeljezic D, Kopjar N, Pizent A, Kljakovic-Gaspic Z, Jazbec A.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22160131
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Two-dimensional assembly of tetrahedral chalcogenide clusters with tetrakis(imidazolyl)borate ligands.
Chen Z, Luo D, Luo X, Kang M, Lin Z.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Dec 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22159355
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recent Research & Development for Bromides
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation by aminoflavone: New molecular target for renal cancer treatment.
Callero MA, Suárez GV, Luzzani G, Itkin B, Nguyen B, Loaiza-Perez AI.
Int J Oncol. 2012 Apr 5. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1427. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22485252
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Marine bromophenol bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether, induces mitochondrial apoptosis in K562 cells and inhibits topoisomerase I in vitro.
Liu M, Zhang W, Wei J, Qiu L, Lin X.
Toxicol Lett. 2012 Mar 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22484147
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
One-pot synthesis of aptamer functionalized silver nanoclusters for cell-type specific imaging.
Li J, Zhong X, Cheng F, Zhang JR, Jiang LP, Zhu JJ.
Anal Chem. 2012 Apr 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22482827
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Metabolic Activation of Prasugrel : Nature of the two Competitive Pathways Resulting in the Opening of its Thiophene Ring.
Dansette PM, Rosi J, Debernardi J, Bertho G, Mansuy D.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22482514
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
GnRH-III based multifunctional drug delivery systems containing daunorubicin and methotrexate.
Leurs U, Lajkó E, Mezo G, Orbán E, Ohlschläger P, Marquardt A, Kohidai L, Manea M.
Eur J Med Chem. 2012 Mar 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22480495
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hepatoprotective effects and HSV-1 activity of the hydroethanolic extract of Cecropia glaziovii (embaúba-vermelha) against acyclovir-resistant strain.
Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Costa GM, Kappel VD, de Oliveira SQ, Fortunato J, Cittadini-Zanette V, Fonseca Moreira JC, Oliveira Simões CM, Dal-Pizzol F, Reginatto FH.
Pharm Biol. 2012 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22480215
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A solution-based nano-plasmonic sensing technique by using gold nanorods.
Ho FH, Wu YH, Ujihara M, Imae T.
Analyst. 2012 Apr 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22479700
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In vitro antiproliferative effects of the indole alkaloid vallesiachotamine on human melanoma cells.
Soares PR, de Oliveira PL, de Oliveira CM, Kato L, Guillo LA.
Arch Pharm Res. 2012 Mar;35(3):565-71. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
PMID:
22477204
[PubMed - in process]
Role of a novel pyridostigmine bromide-phospholipid nanocomplex in improving oral bioavailability.
Tan QY, Hu NN, Liu GD, Yin HF, Zhang L, Wang H, Lu LY, Zhang JQ.
Arch Pharm Res. 2012 Mar;35(3):499-508. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
PMID:
22477197
[PubMed - in process]
Alkyl-chain disorder in tetraisohexylammonium bromide.
Kelland MA, Thompson AL.
Acta Crystallogr C. 2012 Apr;68(Pt 4):o152-5. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
PMID:
22476146
[PubMed - in process]
Electrosynthesis of a Sc3N@Ih-C80 Methano Derivative from Trianionic Sc3N@Ih-C80.
Li FF, Rodriguez-Fortea A, Peng P, Campos Chavez GA, Poblet JM, Echegoyen L.
J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Apr 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475512
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Adsorption of ß-Casein-Surfactant Mixed Layers at the Air-Water Interface Evaluated by Interfacial Rheology.
Maestro A, Kotsmar C, Javadi A, Miller R, Ortega F, Rubio RG.
J Phys Chem B. 2012 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475110
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Halogen Oxidation and Halogen Photoelimination Chemistry of a Platinum-Rhodium Heterobimetallic Core.
Cook TR, McCarthy BD, Lutterman DA, Nocera DG.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475040
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Antimicrobial studies of unsymmetrical bis-1,2,3-Triazoles.
Banday AH, Shameem SA, Ganai BA.
Org Med Chem Lett. 2012 Apr 4;2(1):13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475037
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Nickel-Mediated Inter- and Intramolecular Reductive Cross-Coupling of Unactivated Alkyl Bromides and Aryl Iodides at Room Temperature.
Yan CS, Peng Y, Xu XB, Wang YW.
Chemistry. 2012 Mar 30. doi: 10.1002/chem.201200190. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473912
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Bulky Biaryl Phosphine Ligand Allows for Palladium-Catalyzed Amidation of Five-Membered Heterocycles as Electrophiles.
Su M, Buchwald SL.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Mar 30. doi: 10.1002/anie.201201244. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473747
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Antiproliferative Activity of Polygonaceae Species from the Carpathian Basin against Human Cancer Cell Lines.
Lajter I, Zupkó I, Molnár J, Jakab G, Balogh L, Vasas A, Hohmann J.
Phytother Res. 2012 Apr 4. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4690. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473656
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Diastereoselective alkylation reactions of 1-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid.
Bennett NJ, Elliott MC, Hewitt NL, Kariuki BM, Morton CA, Raw SA, Tomasi S.
Org Biomol Chem. 2012 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473327
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Phase-transfer catalytic dichlorocyclopropanation of styrene under the influence of ultrasound conditions - A kinetic study.
Wang ML, Prasad GS.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22472498
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In vitro targeted imaging and delivery of camptothecin using cetuximab-conjugated multifunctional PLGA-ZnS nanoparticles.
Deepagan VG, Sarmento B, Menon D, Nascimento A, Jayasree A, Sreeranganathan M, Koyakutty M, Nair SV, Rangasamy J.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2012 Apr;7(4):507-19.
PMID:
22471719
[PubMed - in process]
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in Charlotte, North Carolina
Cadmium is a Block D, Group 12, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Cadmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2. In its elemental form cadmium's CAS number is 7440-43-9. The cadmium atom has a radius of 148.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 158.pm. Cadmium and its compounds are very toxic. Cadmium is a component of some of the lowest melting alloys; it is used in bearing alloys with low coefficients of friction and great resistance to fatigue. Cadmium is used extensively in electroplating, which accounts for about 60% of its use. It is also used in many types of solder,
for standard E.M.F.. cells, for nickel-cadmium batteries, and as a barrier to control nuclear fission. Cadmium compounds are used in black and white television phosphors and in blue and green phosphors for color television tubes and CRT monitors.
Cadmium in glass and ceramic glazes creates a distinctive cadmium yellow. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. Cadmium and its compounds are extremely toxic. Cadmium was first discovered by Fredrich Stromeyer in 1817. See Cadmium research below. It forms a number of compounds, of which the sulfate is most common; the sulfide is used as a yellow pigment. Cadmium is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. The name Cadmium originates from the Latin word 'cadmia' and the Greek word 'kadmeia'. See Cadmium research below. 
