Cerium Tungsten Oxide is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Cerium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Cerium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f2 6s2. In its elemental form cerium's CAS number is 7440-45-1. The cerium atom has a radius of 182.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 181.pm. Cerium is moderately toxic. Cerium is one of the products manufactured and distributed under the tradename AE Rare Earths. Cerium is the most abundant of the rare earths metals. It is characterized chemically by having two valence states , the +3 cerous and +4 ceric states. The ceric state is the only non-trivalent rare earth ion stable in aqueoussolutions.It is, therefore, strongly acidic and moderately toxic. It is also a strong oxidizer.The cerous state closely resembles the other trivalent rare earths. The numerous commercial applications for cerium include metallurgy, glass and glass polishing, ceramics, catalysts, as the electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells when doped with yttrium, gadolinium or samarium and in phosphors. In steel manufacturing it is used to remove free oxygen and sulfur by forming stable oxysulfides and by tying up undesirable trace elements, such as lead and antimony. It is considered to be the most efficient glass polishing agent for precision optical polishing. It is also used to decolor glass by keeping iron in its ferrous state. The ability of cerium-doped glass to block out ultra violet light is utilized in the manufacturing of medical glassware and aerospace windows. It is also used to prevent polymers from darkening in sunlight and to suppress discoloration of television glass.
Cerium was first discovered by W. von Hisinger in 1903. The element was named after the asteroid Ceres. See Cerium research below.
Tungsten is a Block D, Group 6, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Tungsten's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2. In its elemental form tungsten's CAS number is 7440-33-7. The tungsten atom has a radius of 137.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Tungsten is considered to be only mildly toxic. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the metallic elements and because of this has its first significant commercial application as the filament in incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent light bulbs. Tungsten is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Later it was used in the first television tubes. The first imaging equipment involved X-ray bombardment of a tungsten target. Tungsten expands at nearly the same rate as borosilicate glass and is used to make metal to glass seals. It is the primary metal in heating elements for electric furnaces and in any components where high pressure/temperature environments are expected, such as aerospace and engine systems. Tungsten was first discovered by Fausto and Juan Jose de Elhuyar in 1783. In reference to its density, Tungsten gets its name from the swedish words tung and sten meaning heavy stone. See Tungsten research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Ionic liquid mediated routes to polydentate oxygen-donor adducts of cerium(iii) bromide.
Vasudevan KV, Smith NA, Scott BL, Bennett BL, Muenchausen RE, Gordon JC.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22193947
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution.
Taylor HE, Antweiler RC, Roth DA, Alpers CN, Dileanis P.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22193863
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrooxidation of nitrite on a silica-cerium mixed oxide carbon paste electrode.
Silveira G, Morais AD, Villis PC, Maroneze CM, Gushikem Y, Lucho AM, Pissetti FL.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Dec 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22192596
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ceria-engineered nanomaterial distribution in, and clearance from, blood: size matters.
Dan M, Wu P, Grulke EA, Graham UM, Unrine JM, Yokel RA.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2012 Jan;7(1):95-110.
PMID:
22191779
[PubMed - in process]
Effect of Ce(3+) on soluble microbial products production in anaerobic granular sludge digestion.
Fu B, Liang R, Xia Q, Ding L, Xu K, Ren H.
Water Sci Technol. 2011;64(7):1459-65.
PMID:
22179643
[PubMed - in process]
[Removal of gaseous elemental mercury over cerium doped low vanadium loading V2O5-WO3/TiO2 in simulated coal-fired flue gas].
Wan Q, Duan L, He KB, Chen L, Li JH.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Sep;32(9):2800-4. Chinese.
PMID:
22165254
[PubMed - in process]
Operando DRIFTS study of the redox and catalytic properties of CuO/Ce(1-x)Tb(x)O(2-d) (x = 0-0.5) catalysts: evidence of an induction step during CO oxidation.
Martínez-Arias A, Hungría AB, Fernández-García M, Iglesias-Juez A, Soria J, Conesa JC, Anderson JA, Munuera G.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22159154
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Classical oxidant induced chemiluminescence of fluorescent carbon dots.
Lin Z, Xue W, Chen H, Lin JM.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22158939
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Gamma-ray fast-timing coincidence measurements from the (18)O+(18)O fusion-evaporation reaction using a mixed LaBr(3)-HPGe array.
Alharbi T, Mason PJ, Regan PH, Podolyák Z, Marginean N, Nakhostin M, Bowry M, Bucurescu D, Cata-Danil G, Cata-Danil I, Deleanu D, Filipescu D, Glodariu T, Ghita D, Marginean R, Mihai C, Negret A, Pascu S, Sava T, Stroe L, Suliman G, Zamfir NV, Bruce AM, Rodriguez Triguero C, Bender PC, Garg U, Erduran MN, Kusoglu A, Bostan M, Detistov P, Alkhomashi N, Sinha AK, Chakrabarti R, Ghugre SS.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2011 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22154387
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cationic Surface Reconstructions on Cerium Oxide Nanocrystals: An Aberration Corrected HRTEM Study.
Bhatta UM, Ross IM, Sayle TX, Sayle DC, Parker SC, Reid D, Seal S, Kumar A, Moebus G.
ACS Nano. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22148265
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In-house SAD phasing with surface-bound cerium ions.
Vennila KN, Velmurugan D.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):1662-5. Epub 2011 Nov 25.
PMID:
22139192
[PubMed - in process]
High concentrations of cadmium, cerium and lanthanum in indoor air due to environmental tobacco smoke.
Böhlandt A, Schierl R, Diemer J, Koch C, Bolte G, Kiranoglu M, Fromme H, Nowak D.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22137652
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A cholesterol and actinide dependent shadow biosphere of archaea and viroids in autoimmune diseases.
Kurup R, Kurup PA.
Immunobiology. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22137029
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
On the interaction of Mg with the (111) and (110) surfaces of ceria.
Nolan M, Lykhach Y, Tsud N, Skála T, Staudt T, Prince KC, Matolín V, Libuda J.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Dec 14;14(3):1293-301. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
PMID:
22134463
[PubMed - in process]
Measurement of redox potential in nanoecotoxicological investigations.
Tantra R, Cackett A, Peck R, Gohil D, Snowden J.
J Toxicol. 2012;2012:270651. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
PMID:
22131988
[PubMed - in process]
In situ characterization of Pt catalysts supported on ceria modified TiO(2) for the WGS reaction: influence of ceria loading.
Barrio L, Zhou G, González ID, Estrella M, Hanson J, Rodriguez JA, Navarro RM, Fierro JL.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22130010
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The oxidation state of Hadean magmas and implications for early Earth's atmosphere.
Trail D, Watson EB, Tailby ND.
Nature. 2011 Nov 30;480(7375):79-82. doi: 10.1038/nature10655.
PMID:
22129728
[PubMed - in process]
Preparation methods and thermal stability of Ba-Mn-Ce oxide catalyst for NO(x)-assisted soot oxidation.
Wu X, Lin F, Wang L, Weng D, Zhou Z.
J Environ Sci (China). 2011;23(7):1205-10.
PMID:
22125916
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
The oxidative degradation of dibenzoazepine derivatives by cerium(iv) complexes in acidic sulfate media.
Wisniewska J, Wrzeszcz G, Kurzawa M, van Eldik R.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Nov 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22124379
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effect of support size on the catalytic activity of metal-oxide-doped silica particles in the glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate.
Wi R, Imran M, Lee KG, Yoon SH, Cho BG, Kim do H.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Jul;11(7):6544-9.
PMID:
22121753
[PubMed - in process]
Gas nanosensor design packages based on tungsten oxide: mesocages, hollow spheres, and nanowires.
Hoa ND, El-Safty SA.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Dec 2;22(48):485503. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID:
22071572
[PubMed - in process]
Experimental hypothyroidism delays fEPSPs and disrupts hippocampal long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation and Y-maze performance in adult rats.
Seda Artis A, Bitiktas S, Taskin E, Dolu N, Liman N, Suer C.
J Neuroendocrinol. 2011 Nov 9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02253.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22070634
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Glycolaldehyde as a Probe Molecule for Biomass-derivatives: Reaction of C-OH and C=O Functional Groups on Monolayer Ni Surfaces.
Yu W, Barteau MA, Chen JG.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22066750
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Carbon nanotube composite coating of neural microelectrodes preferentially improves the multiunit signal-to-noise ratio.
Baranauskas G, Maggiolini E, Castagnola E, Ansaldo A, Mazzoni A, Angotzi GN, Vato A, Ricci D, Panzeri S, Fadiga L.
J Neural Eng. 2011 Nov 8;8(6):066013. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22064890
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Use of carbon nanotubes and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of very low amounts of arsenic and antimony in waters.
López-García I, Rivas RE, Hernández-Córdoba M.
Talanta. 2011 Oct 30;86:52-7. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
PMID:
22063510
[PubMed - in process]
Mechanism of W(CO)(6) sonolysis in diphenylmethane.
Cau C, Nikitenko SI.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2011 Oct 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22054911
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of macrocyclic natural products by catalyst-controlled stereoselective ring-closing metathesis.
Yu M, Wang C, Kyle AF, Jakubec P, Dixon DJ, Schrock RR, Hoveyda AH.
Nature. 2011 Nov 2;479(7371):88-93. doi: 10.1038/nature10563.
PMID:
22051677
[PubMed - in process]
Combinatorial atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposi-tion (cAPCVD); a route to functional property optimization.
Kafizas A, Parkin IP.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22050427
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparative evaluation of marginal adaptation between nanocomposites and microhybrid composites exposed to two light cure units.
Sharma RD, Sharma J, Rani A.
Indian J Dent Res. 2011 May;22(3):495.
PMID:
22048600
[PubMed - in process]
Comparison of secondary neutron dose in proton therapy resulting from the use of a tungsten alloy MLC or a brass collimator system.
Diffenderfer ES, Ainsley CG, Kirk ML, McDonough JE, Maughan RL.
Med Phys. 2011 Nov;38(11):6248.
PMID:
22047390
[PubMed - in process]
Vector potential photoelectron microscopy.
Browning R.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Oct;82(10):103703.
PMID:
22047299
[PubMed - in process]
Structural Effects Behind the Low Temperature Nonconventional Relaxor Behavior of the Sr(2)NaNb(5)O(15) Bronze.
Torres-Pardo A, Jiménez R, González-Calbet JM, García-González E.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22035503
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Accelerated electron beam induced breakdown of commercial WO(3) into nanorods in the presence of triethylamine.
Dawson G, Zhou W, Blackley R.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22030615
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Multilayer chitosan-based open tubular capillary anion exchange column with integrated monolithic capillary suppressor.
Huang X, Foss FW Jr, Dasgupta PK.
Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Nov 30;707(1-2):210-7. Epub 2011 Sep 24.
PMID:
22027141
[PubMed - in process]
Multispectral near-IR reflectance and transillumination imaging of teeth.
Chung S, Fried D, Staninec M, Darling CL.
Biomed Opt Express. 2011 Oct 1;2(10):2804-14. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
PMID:
22025986
[PubMed]
Efficient Heterogeneous Epoxidation of Alkenes by a Supported Tungsten Oxide Catalyst.
Kamata K, Yonehara K, Sumida Y, Hirata K, Nojima S, Mizuno N.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 25. doi: 10.1002/anie.201106064. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
22025368
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Structural transformation of tungsten oxide nanourchins into IF-WS(2) nanoparticles: an aberration corrected STEM study.
Leonard-Deepak F, Castro-Guerrero CF, Mejía-Rosales S, José-Yacamán M.
Nanoscale. 2011 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22025289
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Academic aspects of lunar water resources and their relevance to lunar protolife.
Green J.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(9):6051-76. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
PMID:
22016644
[PubMed - in process]
Evaluation of ocular hazards from 4 types of curing lights.
Labrie D, Moe J, Price RB, Young ME, Felix CM.
J Can Dent Assoc. 2011 Oct;77:b116.
PMID:
22014874
[PubMed - in process]
Cerium Tungsten Oxide is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Cerium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Cerium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f2 6s2. In its elemental form cerium's CAS number is 7440-45-1. The cerium atom has a radius of 182.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 181.pm. Cerium is moderately toxic. Cerium is one of the products manufactured and distributed under the tradename AE Rare Earths. Cerium is the most abundant of the rare earths metals. It is characterized chemically by having two valence states , the +3 cerous and +4 ceric states. The ceric state is the only non-trivalent rare earth ion stable in aqueous
solutions.It is, therefore,
strongly acidic and moderately toxic. It is also a strong oxidizer.The cerous state closely resembles the other trivalent rare earths. The numerous commercial applications for cerium include metallurgy, glass and glass polishing, ceramics, catalysts, as the electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells when doped with yttrium, gadolinium or samarium and in phosphors. In steel manufacturing it is used to remove free oxygen and sulfur by forming stable oxysulfides and by tying up undesirable trace elements, such as lead and antimony. It is considered to be the most efficient glass polishing agent for precision optical polishing. It is also used to decolor glass by keeping iron in its ferrous state. The ability of cerium-doped glass to block out ultra violet light is utilized in the manufacturing of medical glassware and aerospace windows. It is also used to prevent polymers from darkening in sunlight and to suppress discoloration of television glass.
Cerium was first discovered by W. von Hisinger in 1903. The element was named after the asteroid Ceres. See Cerium research below.
Tungsten is a Block D, Group 6, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Tungsten's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2. In its elemental form tungsten's CAS number is 7440-33-7. The tungsten atom has a radius of 137.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Tungsten is considered to be only mildly toxic. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the metallic elements and because of this has its first significant commercial application as the filament in incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent light bulbs. Tungsten is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and 
compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Later it was used in the first television tubes. The first imaging equipment involved X-ray bombardment of a 
tungsten target. Tungsten expands at nearly the same rate as borosilicate glass and is used to make metal to glass seals. It is the primary metal in heating elements for electric furnaces and in any components where high pressure/temperature environments are expected, such as aerospace and engine systems. Tungsten was first discovered by Fausto and Juan Jose de Elhuyar in 1783. In reference to its density, Tungsten gets its name from the swedish words tung and sten meaning heavy stone. See Tungsten research below.
