Ceric Ammonium Sulfate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Cerium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Cerium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f2 6s2. In its elemental form cerium's CAS number is 7440-45-1. The cerium atom has a radius of 182.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 181.pm. Cerium is moderately toxic. Cerium is one of the products manufactured and distributed under the tradename AE Rare Earths. Cerium is the most abundant of the rare earths metals. It is characterized chemically by having two valence states , the +3 cerous and +4 ceric states. The ceric state is the only non-trivalent rare earth ion stable in aqueoussolutions.It is, therefore, strongly acidic and moderately toxic. It is also a strong oxidizer.The cerous state closely resembles the other trivalent rare earths. The numerous commercial applications for cerium include metallurgy, glass and glass polishing, ceramics, catalysts, as the electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells when doped with yttrium, gadolinium or samarium and in phosphors. In steel manufacturing it is used to remove free oxygen and sulfur by forming stable oxysulfides and by tying up undesirable trace elements, such as lead and antimony. It is considered to be the most efficient glass polishing agent for precision optical polishing. It is also used to decolor glass by keeping iron in its ferrous state. The ability of cerium-doped glass to block out ultra violet light is utilized in the manufacturing of medical glassware and aerospace windows. It is also used to prevent polymers from darkening in sunlight and to suppress discoloration of television glass.
Cerium was first discovered by W. von Hisinger in 1903. The element was named after the asteroid Ceres. See Cerium research below.
Sulfur is a Block P, Group 16, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sulfur's shells is 2, 8, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ne]3s2 3p4. In its elemental form sulfur's CAS number is 7704-34-9. The sulfur atom has a radius of 100pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180pm. Sulfur is a crucial element for all life and serves as both fuels and respiratory (oxygen-replacing) materials for simple organisms. In nature, sulfur can be found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and as galena, gypsum, Epsom salts, and barite. Sulfur, when organically bonded, is a component of all proteins, as the amino acids methionine and cysteine. In organic form, Sulfur is present in the vitamins thiamine and biotin. Sulfur is also a vital part of many enzymes and also in antioxidant molecules like glutathione and thioredoxin.Sulfur is available as compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Sulfur has been known since ancient times but was not accepted as an element until 1777. Antoine Lavoisier helped to convince the scientific commuity that sulfus is an element and not a compound. See Sulfur research below.
Synonyms for Ammonium Nickel(II) Sulfate Hexahydrate Include:
CERIUM(IV) TETRAAMMONIUM SULFATE DIHYDRATE
CERIUM(IV) AMMONIUM SULFATE DIHYDRATE
AMMONIUM CERIC SULPHATE DIHYDRATE
CERIC AMMONIUM SULFATE DIHYDRATE
AMMONIUM CERIC SULFATE
AMMONIUM CERIUM(IV) SULFATE
CERIUM(IV) AMMONIUM SULFATE
AMMONIUM CERIC SULPHATE 2-HYDRATE
AMMONIUM CERIUM(IV) SULFATE-2-HYDRATE
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Ionic liquid mediated routes to polydentate oxygen-donor adducts of cerium(iii) bromide.
Vasudevan KV, Smith NA, Scott BL, Bennett BL, Muenchausen RE, Gordon JC.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22193947
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution.
Taylor HE, Antweiler RC, Roth DA, Alpers CN, Dileanis P.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22193863
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrooxidation of nitrite on a silica-cerium mixed oxide carbon paste electrode.
Silveira G, Morais AD, Villis PC, Maroneze CM, Gushikem Y, Lucho AM, Pissetti FL.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Dec 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22192596
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ceria-engineered nanomaterial distribution in, and clearance from, blood: size matters.
Dan M, Wu P, Grulke EA, Graham UM, Unrine JM, Yokel RA.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2012 Jan;7(1):95-110.
PMID:
22191779
[PubMed - in process]
Effect of Ce(3+) on soluble microbial products production in anaerobic granular sludge digestion.
Fu B, Liang R, Xia Q, Ding L, Xu K, Ren H.
Water Sci Technol. 2011;64(7):1459-65.
PMID:
22179643
[PubMed - in process]
[Removal of gaseous elemental mercury over cerium doped low vanadium loading V2O5-WO3/TiO2 in simulated coal-fired flue gas].
Wan Q, Duan L, He KB, Chen L, Li JH.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Sep;32(9):2800-4. Chinese.
PMID:
22165254
[PubMed - in process]
Operando DRIFTS study of the redox and catalytic properties of CuO/Ce(1-x)Tb(x)O(2-d) (x = 0-0.5) catalysts: evidence of an induction step during CO oxidation.
Martínez-Arias A, Hungría AB, Fernández-García M, Iglesias-Juez A, Soria J, Conesa JC, Anderson JA, Munuera G.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22159154
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Classical oxidant induced chemiluminescence of fluorescent carbon dots.
Lin Z, Xue W, Chen H, Lin JM.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22158939
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Gamma-ray fast-timing coincidence measurements from the (18)O+(18)O fusion-evaporation reaction using a mixed LaBr(3)-HPGe array.
Alharbi T, Mason PJ, Regan PH, Podolyák Z, Marginean N, Nakhostin M, Bowry M, Bucurescu D, Cata-Danil G, Cata-Danil I, Deleanu D, Filipescu D, Glodariu T, Ghita D, Marginean R, Mihai C, Negret A, Pascu S, Sava T, Stroe L, Suliman G, Zamfir NV, Bruce AM, Rodriguez Triguero C, Bender PC, Garg U, Erduran MN, Kusoglu A, Bostan M, Detistov P, Alkhomashi N, Sinha AK, Chakrabarti R, Ghugre SS.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2011 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22154387
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cationic Surface Reconstructions on Cerium Oxide Nanocrystals: An Aberration Corrected HRTEM Study.
Bhatta UM, Ross IM, Sayle TX, Sayle DC, Parker SC, Reid D, Seal S, Kumar A, Moebus G.
ACS Nano. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22148265
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In-house SAD phasing with surface-bound cerium ions.
Vennila KN, Velmurugan D.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):1662-5. Epub 2011 Nov 25.
PMID:
22139192
[PubMed - in process]
High concentrations of cadmium, cerium and lanthanum in indoor air due to environmental tobacco smoke.
Böhlandt A, Schierl R, Diemer J, Koch C, Bolte G, Kiranoglu M, Fromme H, Nowak D.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22137652
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A cholesterol and actinide dependent shadow biosphere of archaea and viroids in autoimmune diseases.
Kurup R, Kurup PA.
Immunobiology. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22137029
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
On the interaction of Mg with the (111) and (110) surfaces of ceria.
Nolan M, Lykhach Y, Tsud N, Skála T, Staudt T, Prince KC, Matolín V, Libuda J.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Dec 14;14(3):1293-301. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
PMID:
22134463
[PubMed - in process]
Measurement of redox potential in nanoecotoxicological investigations.
Tantra R, Cackett A, Peck R, Gohil D, Snowden J.
J Toxicol. 2012;2012:270651. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
PMID:
22131988
[PubMed - in process]
In situ characterization of Pt catalysts supported on ceria modified TiO(2) for the WGS reaction: influence of ceria loading.
Barrio L, Zhou G, González ID, Estrella M, Hanson J, Rodriguez JA, Navarro RM, Fierro JL.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22130010
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The oxidation state of Hadean magmas and implications for early Earth's atmosphere.
Trail D, Watson EB, Tailby ND.
Nature. 2011 Nov 30;480(7375):79-82. doi: 10.1038/nature10655.
PMID:
22129728
[PubMed - in process]
Preparation methods and thermal stability of Ba-Mn-Ce oxide catalyst for NO(x)-assisted soot oxidation.
Wu X, Lin F, Wang L, Weng D, Zhou Z.
J Environ Sci (China). 2011;23(7):1205-10.
PMID:
22125916
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
The oxidative degradation of dibenzoazepine derivatives by cerium(iv) complexes in acidic sulfate media.
Wisniewska J, Wrzeszcz G, Kurzawa M, van Eldik R.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Nov 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22124379
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effect of support size on the catalytic activity of metal-oxide-doped silica particles in the glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate.
Wi R, Imran M, Lee KG, Yoon SH, Cho BG, Kim do H.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Jul;11(7):6544-9.
PMID:
22121753
[PubMed - in process]
Self-assembly of a sulphur-terminated graphene nanoribbon within a single-walled carbon nanotube.
Chuvilin A, Bichoutskaia E, Gimenez-Lopez MC, Chamberlain TW, Rance GA, Kuganathan N, Biskupek J, Kaiser U, Khlobystov AN.
Nat Mater. 2011 Aug 7. doi: 10.1038/nmat3082. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822259
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the yeast tRNA-thiouridine modification protein 1 (Tum1p).
Qiu R, Wang F, Liu M, Yang Z, Wu T, Ji C.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Aug 1;67(Pt 8):953-5. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
PMID:
21821903
[PubMed - in process]
Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis L-isoleucine dioxygenase toward the production of useful amino acids.
Hibi M, Kawashima T, Kodera T, Smirnov SV, Sokolov PM, Sugiyama M, Shimizu S, Yokozeki K, Ogawa J.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821743
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Characterization of the sulfurtransferase family from Oryza sativa L.
Guretzki S, Papenbrock J.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2011 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821426
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Development of a small-scale bioreactor method to monitor the molecular diversity and environmental impacts of bacterial biofilm communities from an acid mine drainage impacted creek.
Cole M, Wrubel J, Henegan P, Janzen C, Holt J, Tobin T.
J Microbiol Methods. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821067
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In situ incorporation of nickel nanoparticles into the mesopores of MCM-41 by manipulation of solvent-solute interaction and its activity toward adsorptive desulfurization of gas oil.
Samadi-Maybodi A, Teymouri M, Vahid A, Miranbeigi A.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jul 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820806
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase is an essential enzyme for the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei.
Alloatti A, Gupta S, Gualdrón-López M, Nguewa PA, Altabe SG, Deumer G, Wallemacq P, Michels PA, Uttaro AD.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820408
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The use of multi-element stable isotope analysis to monitor the origin of chondroitin sulfates.
Thomas F, Jamin E, Shimoo K, Nagao J, Osaki Y, Granier C.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Sep 15;25(17):2533-7. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5159.
PMID:
21818814
[PubMed - in process]
Sulphur isotopes in animal hair track distance to sea.
Zazzo A, Monahan FJ, Moloney AP, Green S, Schmidt O.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Sep 15;25(17):2371-8. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5131.
PMID:
21818798
[PubMed - in process]
Experimental and Theoretical Evidence of Aromatic Behavior in Heterobenzene-Like Molecules with Metal-Metal Multiple Bonds.
Fang W, He Q, Tan ZF, Liu CY, Lu X, Murillo CA.
Chemistry. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003693. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21818792
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodovulum phaeolacus sp. nov. a phototrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from a brown pond.
Venkata Naga Satya Lakshmi K, Sasikala C, Venkata Ramana V, Veera Venkata Ramaprasad E, Venkata Ramana C.
J Gen Appl Microbiol. 2011;57(3):145-51.
PMID:
21817826
[PubMed - in process]
Comparative data on effects of leading pretreatments and enzyme loadings and formulations on sugar yields from different switchgrass sources.
Wyman CE, Balan V, Dale BE, Elander RT, Falls M, Hames B, Holtzapple MT, Ladisch MR, Lee YY, Mosier N, Pallapolu VR, Shi J, Thomas SR, Warner RE.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Jun 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816612
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Target loads of atmospheric sulfur deposition for the protection and recovery of acid-sensitive streams in the Southern Blue Ridge Province.
Sullivan TJ, Cosby BJ, Jackson WA.
J Environ Manage. 2011 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816535
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Differential effects of a post-anthesis fertilizer regimen on the wheat flour proteome determined by quantitative 2-DE.
Altenbach SB, Tanaka CK, Hurkman WJ, Whitehand LC, Vensel WH, Dupont FM.
Proteome Sci. 2011 Aug 4;9(1):46. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816081
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparative toxicity of arsenic metabolites in human bladder cancer EJ-1 cells.
Naranmandura H, Michael CW, Xu S, Lee J, Leslie E, Weinfeld M, Le XC.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815631
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Effects of Different Garlic-derived Allyl Sulfides on Peroxidative Processes and Anaerobic Sulfur Metabolism in Mouse Liver.
Iciek MB, Kowalczyk-Pachel D, Kwiecien I, Dudek MB.
Phytother Res. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3572. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815229
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A combined model of hepatic polyamine and sulfur amino acid metabolism to analyze S-adenosyl methionine availability.
Reyes-Palomares A, Montañez R, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Medina MA.
Amino Acids. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814788
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Microbial gene functions enriched in the Deepwater Horizon deep-sea oil plume.
Lu Z, Deng Y, Van Nostrand JD, He Z, Voordeckers J, Zhou A, Lee YJ, Mason OU, Dubinsky EA, Chavarria KL, Tom LM, Fortney JL, Lamendella R, Jansson JK, D'haeseleer P, Hazen TC, Zhou J.
ISME J. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.91. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814288
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
1,1'-(3-Methyl-4-phenylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)diethanone as a Building Block in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Novel Synthesis of Some Pyrazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives.
Mabkhot YN, Al-Majid AM, Barakat A, Alshahrani S, Siddiqui Y.
Molecules. 2011 Aug 3;16(8):6502-11.
PMID:
21814162
[PubMed - in process]
Towards the Growth of an Aligned Single-Layer MoS2 Film.
Kim D, Sun D, Lu W, Cheng Z, Zhu Y, Le D, Rahman TS, Bartels L.
Langmuir. 2011 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21812475
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recent Research & Development for Ammonium Sulfates
Significance of antibody detection in the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis.
Patil SA, Katyayani S, Arvind N.
J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2012 Apr;33(2):140-8.
PMID:
22471604
[PubMed - in process]
Generation and characterization of chicken egg yolk antibodies against propionibacterium acnes for the prevention of acne vulgaris.
Selvan K, Sentila R, Michael A.
Indian J Dermatol. 2012 Jan;57(1):15-9.
PMID:
22470202
[PubMed - in process]
Organic Sulfur Metabolisms in Hydrothermal Environments.
Rogers KL, Schulte MD.
Geobiology. 2012 Apr 2. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2012.00324.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22469147
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
New role of antibody in bacterial isolation.
Xiao X, Chen Y, Deng M, Gao H, Wu Z, Zhu L, Yuan F, Xu B, Liang C, Zhang Y.
J AOAC Int. 2012 Jan-Feb;95(1):216-21.
PMID:
22468362
[PubMed - in process]
Determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables by an enzyme inhibition method using α-naphthyl acetate esterase extracted from wheat flour.
Wang JL, Xia Q, Zhang AP, Hu XY, Lin CM.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2012 Apr;13(4):267-73.
PMID:
22467368
[PubMed - in process]
Evaluation of the mechanism of skin enhancing surfactants on the biomembrane of shed snake skin.
Wonglertnirant N, Ngawhirunpat T, Kumpugdee-Vollrath M.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2012;35(4):523-31.
PMID:
22466556
[PubMed - in process]
Biological treatment of TMAH (tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide) in a full-scale TFT-LCD wastewater treatment plant.
Hu TH, Whang LM, Liu PW, Hung YC, Chen HW, Lin LB, Chen CF, Chen SK, Hsu SF, Shen W, Fu R, Hsu R.
Bioresour Technol. 2012 Feb 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22456234
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ammonia volatilization from urea-application influenced germination and early seedling growth of dry direct-seeded rice.
Qi X, Wu W, Shah F, Peng S, Huang J, Cui K, Liu H, Nie L.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:857472. Epub 2012 Feb 1.
PMID:
22454611
[PubMed - in process]
Purification and characterization of a thermostable α-galactosidase from Thielavia terrestris NRRL 8126 in solid state fermentation.
Saad RR, Fawzi EM.
Acta Biol Hung. 2012 Mar;63(1):138-50.
PMID:
22453806
[PubMed - in process]
Fasciola gigantica Fatty Acid Binding Protein (FABP) as a Prophylactic Agent against Schistosoma mansoni Infection in CD1 Mice.
Aly IR, Diab M, El-Amir AM, Hendawy M, Kadry S.
Korean J Parasitol. 2012 Mar;50(1):37-43. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
PMID:
22451732
[PubMed - in process]
Utilization of Jatropha deoiled seed cake for production of cellulases under solid-state fermentation.
Dave BR, Sudhir AP, Pansuriya M, Raykundaliya DP, Subramanian RB.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2012 Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22451079
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Lyophilized Mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus PQMZ91109.
Vamanu E.
Molecules. 2012 Mar 26;17(4):3653-71.
PMID:
22450678
[PubMed - in process]
Ultrasound-assisted cloud point extraction for speciation and indirect spectrophotometric determination of chromium(III) and (VI) in water samples.
Hashemi M, Daryanavard SM.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2012 Feb 25;92C:189-193. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22446766
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of mammalian translation elongation factor eEF1A2.
Yaremchuk A, Shalak VF, Novosylna OV, Negrutskii BS, Crépin T, El'skaya AV, Tukalo M.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2012 Mar 1;68(Pt 3):295-7. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
PMID:
22442226
[PubMed - in process]
Determination of Microcystin-LR in waters in the subnanomolar range by sol-gel imprinted polymers on solid contact electrodes.
Queirós RB, Noronha JP, Marques PV, Fernandes JS, Sales MG.
Analyst. 2012 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22436780
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Quantitative Assessment of the Sulfuric Acid Contribution to New Particle Growth.
Bzdek BR, Zordan CA, Pennington MR, Luther GW, Johnston MV.
Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Mar 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22435616
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Optimization of the expression of surface antigen SAG1/2 of Toxoplasma gondii in the yeast Pichia pastoris.
Thiruvengadam G, Init I, Fong MY, Lau YL.
Trop Biomed. 2011 Dec;28(3):506-13.
PMID:
22433878
[PubMed - in process]
Identification of antigenic epitopes of the SapA protein of Campylobacter fetus using a phage display peptide library.
Zhao H, Yu S, Liu H, Si W, Wang C, Liu S.
Res Vet Sci. 2012 Mar 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22424885
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In vitro dissolution profile of two commercially available iron preparations.
Patrício JP, Santos C, Cerdeira R.
Drugs R D. 2012 Mar 1;12(1):35-40. doi: 10.2165/11631560-000000000-00000.
PMID:
22423642
[PubMed - in process]
Physiochemical Properties of Alkylaminium Sulfates: Hygroscopicity, Thermostability, and Density.
Qiu C, Zhang R.
Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Mar 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22417685
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ceric Ammonium Sulfate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Cerium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Cerium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f2 6s2. In its elemental form cerium's CAS number is 7440-45-1. The cerium atom has a radius of 182.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 181.pm. Cerium is moderately toxic. Cerium is one of the products manufactured and distributed under the tradename AE Rare Earths. Cerium is the most abundant of the rare earths metals. It is characterized chemically by having two valence states , the +3 cerous and +4 ceric states. The ceric state is the only non-trivalent rare earth ion stable in aqueous
solutions.It is, therefore,
strongly acidic and moderately toxic. It is also a strong oxidizer.The cerous state closely resembles the other trivalent rare earths. The numerous commercial applications for cerium include metallurgy, glass and glass polishing, ceramics, catalysts, as the electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells when doped with yttrium, gadolinium or samarium and in phosphors. In steel manufacturing it is used to remove free oxygen and sulfur by forming stable oxysulfides and by tying up undesirable trace elements, such as lead and antimony. It is considered to be the most efficient glass polishing agent for precision optical polishing. It is also used to decolor glass by keeping iron in its ferrous state. The ability of cerium-doped glass to block out ultra violet light is utilized in the manufacturing of medical glassware and aerospace windows. It is also used to prevent polymers from darkening in sunlight and to suppress discoloration of television glass.
Cerium was first discovered by W. von Hisinger in 1903. The element was named after the asteroid Ceres. See Cerium research below.
Sulfur is a Block P, Group 16, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sulfur's shells is 2, 8, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ne]3s2 3p4. In its elemental form sulfur's CAS number is 7704-34-9. The sulfur atom has a radius of 100pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180pm. Sulfur is a crucial element for all life and serves as both fuels and respiratory (oxygen-replacing) materials for simple organisms. In nature, sulfur can be found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and as galena, gypsum, Epsom salts, and barite. Sulfur, when organically bonded, is a component of all proteins, as the amino acids methionine 
and cysteine. In organic form, Sulfur is present in the vitamins thiamine and biotin. Sulfur is also a vital part of many enzymes and also in antioxidant molecules like glutathione and thioredoxin.Sulfur is available as compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Sulfur has been known since ancient times but was not accepted as an element until 1777. Antoine Lavoisier helped to convince the scientific commuity that sulfus is an element and not a compound. See Sulfur research below.
