Potassium Hexacyanocobaltate(III) is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Potassium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Potassium's shells is 2, 8, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 4s1. In its elemental form potassium's CAS number is 7440-09-7. The potassium atom has a radius of 227.2 .pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 275.pm. Potassium is not toxic. Potassium is the seventh most abundant element on earth. In its metallic form it is one of the most reactive and electropositive of all metals and rapidly oxidizes. As with other metals of the alkali group, the metal decomposes in water with the evolution of hydrogen. It catches fire spontaneously in water. In high purity, potassium compounds have numerous pharmacological, medical, and electronics applications. Important compounds include the hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate, chloride, bromide, iodide, and sulfate. Lower purity compounds are used in pyrotechnics for its violet color on ignition and in glass and ceramic glazes to produce this color. Potassium also used as a nutrient in plant growth. Potassium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The origin of the element name comes from the English word 'potash' meaning pot ashes and the Arabic word 'qali' which means alkali. The symbol K originates from the Latin word 'kalium'. See Potassium research below.
Cobalt is a Block D, Group 9, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Cobalt's shells is 2, 8, 15, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d7 4s2. In its elemental form cobalt's CAS number is 7440-48-4. The cobalt atom has a radius of 125.3.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Cobalt and its compounds are somewhat toxic by skin contact and moderately toxic by inhalation. Cobalt has a metallic permeability two thirds that of iron. It exists as a mixture of two allotropes over a wide temperature range. The transformation is slow and accounts in part for the wide variation in the physical properties of cobalt. It is alloyed with iron, nickel and other metals to make Alnico, an alloy of unusual magnetic strength with many important uses. Samarium-cobalt is one of the highest strength magnet alloys known. Cobalt compounds produce a brilliant and permanent blue color in ceramic glazes, glass, pottery, tiles, and enamels. Co-60 is useful as a gamma ray source. Toxicity of cobalt and its compounds are mild by skin contact and moderate by ingestion. Cobalt is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Cobalt was first discovered by George Brandt in 1737. The origin of the word Cobalt comes from the German word 'Kobalt or Kobold' which translates as "goblin", "elf" or "evil spirit". See Cobalt research below.
Mn(II) removal from groundwater with manganese
oxide-coated filter media. Piispanen JK, Sallanko JT. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng.
2010 Nov;45(13):1732-40. PubMed PMID: 20924918.
Impact of worsening renal function during hospital admission on
resource utilization in patients with heart failure. Herout PM, Harshaw Q, Phatak H, Saka G, McNeill A, Wu D, Sazonov V, Desagun R,
Shirani J. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Oct
15;106(8):1139-45. PubMed PMID: 20920654.
Novel Approaches to Inhibition of Gastric Acid
Secretion. Sachs G, Shin JM, Hunt R. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20924727.
Silica-supported sulfonic
acid-functionalized ionic liquid coated with [bmim][PF(6)] as a scavenger for the
synthesis of amides. Kang LQ, Cai YQ, Peng YQ, Ying XL, Song GH. Mol Divers. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20924787.
Expression of inwardly
rectifying potassium channels by an inducible adenoviral vector reduced the
neuronal hyperexcitability and hyperalgesia produced by chronic compression of
the spinal ganglion. Ma C, Rosenzweig J, Zhang P, Johns DC, Lamotte RH. Mol Pain. 2010 Oct 6;6(1):65. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 20923570.
Consumption of whole
grains is associated with improved diet quality and nutrient intake in children
and adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.
O'Neil CE, Nicklas TA, Zanovec M, Cho SS, Kleinman R. Public Health Nutr. 2010 Oct 6:1-9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20923597.
Synthesis,
Characterization, and in Vitro Evaluation of Long-Chain Hyperbranched
Poly(ethylene glycol) as Drug Carrier. Pang Y, Liu J, Wu J, Li G, Wang R, Su Y, He P, Zhu X, Yan D, Zhu B. Bioconjug Chem. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of
print] PubMed PMID: 20923233.
Chemical and microbiological changes during
vermicomposting of coffee pulp using exotic (Eudrilus eugeniae) and native
earthworm (Perionyx ceylanesis) species. Raphael K, Velmourougane K. Biodegradation. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead
of print] PubMed PMID: 20922463.
Determination of Intermediates
and Mechanism for Soot Combustion with NO(x)/O(2) on Potassium-Supported Mg-Al
Hydrotalcite Mixed Oxides by In Situ FTIR. Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Su Q, Wang Z, Li Q, Gao X. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20923141.
Permanent neonatal diabetes due to
activating mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11. Edghill EL, Flanagan SE, Ellard S. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2010 Oct 5.
[Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922570.
Lack of TRPM2 impaired insulin secretion and glucose
metabolisms in mice. Uchida K, Dezaki K, Damdindorj B, Inada H, Shiuchi T, Mori Y, Yada T,
Minokoshi Y, Tominaga M. Diabetes. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20921208.
Determination of inorganic ions in
mineral water by gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis.
Flanigan PM 4th, Ross D, Shackman JG. Electrophoresis. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922760.
Elevated
salivary potassium in paediatric CKD patients, a novel excretion pathway. Davidovich E, Davidovits M, Peretz B, Shapira J, Aframian DJ. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20921301.
Decreased ENaC expression
compensates the increased NCC activity following inactivation of the
kidney-specific isoform of WNK1 and prevents hypertension. Hadchouel J, Soukaseum C, Büsst C, Zhou XO, Baudrie V, Zürrer T, Cambillau M,
Elghozi JL, Lifton RP, Loffing J, Jeunemaitre X. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20921400.
Transplacental nutrient transfer
during gestation in the Andean lizard Mabuya sp. (Squamata, Scincidae). Ramírez-Pinilla MP, Rueda ED, Stashenko E. J Comp
Physiol B. 2010 Oct 2. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20890605.
Interactions
between adenosine and potassium channel-related pathways in the coupling of
somatosensory activation and pial arteriolar dilation. Paisansathan C, Xu H, Vetri F, Hernandez M, Pelligrino DA. Am J Physiol Heart Circ
Physiol. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20889844.
Quantification of the emetic toxin cereulide in food
products by LC-MS using synthetic cereulide as a standard. Biesta-Peters EG, Reij MW, Blaauw RH, In 't Veld PH, Rajkovic A,
Ehling-Schulz M, Abee T. Appl Environ
Microbiol. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20889798.
Unexplained chronic hypokalaemia in a young
woman. Ehren K, Marx A, Wasmuth JC. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2010 Oct;135(41):2021-2023. Epub 2010 Oct 5. PubMed
PMID: 20925009.
Development of an ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC method with indirect
UV detection for determination of phosphates and phosphites as impurities in
sodium risedronate. Breuzovska K, Dimitrovska A, Kitanovski Z, Petrusevska J, Ribarska JT,
Jolevska ST. J AOAC Int. 2010 Jul-Aug;93(4):1113-20. PubMed PMID:
20922941.
Ethnic difference in patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus in inter-East Asian populations: A systematic review and
meta-analysis focusing on gene polymorphism. Takeuchi M, Okamoto K, Takagi T, Ishii H. J Diabetes. 2009 Dec;1(4):255-62.
doi: 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2009.00040.x. Epub 2009 Jul 2. PubMed PMID: 20923526.
Tetra-kis(3-cyano-pyridine-?N)bis-(thio-cyanato-?N)cobalt(II) 1,4-dioxane disolvate.
Diehr S, Wöhlert S, Boeckmann J, Näther C.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1898. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
PMID:
22199656
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bis(2,4-dioxo-5,5-diphenyl-imidazol-idin-ido-?N)bis-(propane-1,3-diamine-?N,N')cobalt(II).
Hu X, Jiang Q, Wang D, Liu H.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1885. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
PMID:
22199646
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Poly[aqua-{?(3)-5-[(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino]-isophthalato-?N,N':O,O:O}cobalt(II)].
Zhu XH, Cheng XC.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1862. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
PMID:
22199630
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
catena-Poly[[[cis-aqua-dibromido-cobalt(II)]-?-(pyrazine-2-carb-oxy-lic acid)-?N,O:N] monohydrate].
Dares C, Fournier R, Lever AB.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1798-m1799. Epub 2011 Nov 23.
PMID:
22199583
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Poly[di-?(2)-aqua-?(5)-(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato)-?(3)-(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato)-cobalt(II)disodium].
Boyko AN, Golenya IA, Izotova YA, Haukka M, Prisyazhnaya EV.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1782-m1783. Epub 2011 Nov 19.
PMID:
22199572
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Diaqua-bis-(pyridine-2-sulfonato-?N,O)cobalt(II).
Li ZS, Ng SW.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1781. Epub 2011 Nov 19.
PMID:
22199571
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bis[tris-(ethyl-enediamine-?N,N')cobalt(III)] octa-kis-?-(3)-oxido-hexa-deca-?(2)-oxido-tetra-deca-oxido-?(12)-tetra-oxo-silicato-octa-molybdenum(VI)hexa-vanadium(IV,V) hexa-hydrate.
Lu YK, Tian MM, Xu SG, Lü RQ, Liu YQ.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1776-m1777. Epub 2011 Nov 19.
PMID:
22199568
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tetra-aqua-bis-(2-{[5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]sulfan-yl}acetato)-cobalt(II) monohydrate.
Yang GR, Li GT.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1746-m1747. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
PMID:
22199545
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tetra-aqua-bis-[3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzoato-?N]cobalt(II).
Wang HR, Li GT.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1743. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
PMID:
22199542
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Poly[[tetra-aqua-(?(4)-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxyl-ato)(?(3)-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxyl-ato)-?(3)-sulfato-?(2)-sulfato-cobalt(II)digadolinium(III)] monohydrate].
Zhu LC.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1741-m1742. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
PMID:
22199541
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hexaaqua-cobalt(II) bis-(5-acetyl-2-hy-droxy-benzoate) dihydrate.
Han LJ, Yang SP, Fu LL, Gao HL.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1733. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID:
22199535
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Dichlorido[(4E,11E)-5,7,12,14-tetra-benzyl-7,14-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetra-aza-cyclo-tetra-deca-4,11-diene]cobalt(III) perchlorate.
Roy TG, Hazari SK, Barua KK, Ng SW, Tiekink ER.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1722-m1723. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID:
22199529
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
{1,2-Bis[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-?N)meth-yl]benzene}-dichloridozinc(II).
Guzei IA, Spencer LC, Budhai A, Darkwa J.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1715-m1716. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID:
22199525
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
catena-Poly[[bis-(2,4-dichloro-benzoato)bis-(methanol-?O)cobalt(II)]-?-4,4'-bipyridine-?N:N'].
Hyun MY, Kim PG, Kim C, Kim Y.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1705. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID:
22199519
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bis(pentane-2,4-dionato-?O,O')(1,10-phenanthroline-?N,N')cobalt(II).
Perdih F.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1697. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
PMID:
22199513
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Diaqua-bis-(dihydrogen 3-aza-niumyl-1-hy-droxy-propyl-idene-1,1-di-phos-phon-ato-?O,O')cobalt(II).
Tsaryk NV, Dudko AV, Kozachkova AN, Pekhnyo VI.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1694. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
PMID:
22199511
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tetra-aqua-bis-{3-carb-oxy-5-[(4-carb-oxy-phen-yl)diazen-yl]benzoato-?O}cobalt(II) dihydrate.
Bai L, Zhao J.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1689. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
PMID:
22199506
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tetra-aqua-bis-(2-methyl-1H-imidazole-?N)cobalt(II) naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate.
Jin Y.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1686. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
PMID:
22199503
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Diaqua-bis-(dimethyl sulfoxide-?O)bis(saccharinato-?N)cobalt(II).
Potwana FS, Van Zyl WE.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1667-m1668. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
PMID:
22199492
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Pulmonary toxicity after exposure to military-relevant heavy metal tungsten alloy particles.
Roedel EQ, Cafasso DE, Lee KW, Pierce LM.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22198552
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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