Copper Carbon Nanotubes are generally immediately available in most volumes. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available. Carbon Nanotubes are Single-Walled, Double Walled and Multi-Walled black nano scale cylindrical tubes of graphitic carbon with numerous applications. Carbon Nanotubes are the stiffest and strongest known fibers and have unique electrical properties. When used as reinforcement fibers, carbon nanotubes can improve the quality and properties of metal, polymer and ceramics. Applications for AE Carbon Nanotubes™ include in flat screen displays, scanning probe microscopes in brushes for commercial electric motors, and in sensing devices and because of their strength in numerous aerospace and automotive uses, in body armor and tear-resistant cloth fibers and textiles and stronger and lighter sports equipment . Carbon nanotubes can behave like a conductive metallic or semiconductor depending on their structure, which is useful for nanoscale electronic devices and in electrically conductive films in coatings, plastics, nanowire, nanofiber and in certain bioscience applications. Recently, carbon nanotubes have been demonstrated to create the "darkest" known material absorbing all wavelengths or "colors" of light which will prove useful in solar and electronic applications.
When combined with Aluminum, Copper, Magnesium, Nickel, Titanium, and Tin, Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube materials reveal enhanced tensile strength, hardness and elastic modulus characteristics.
Titanium/Carbon Nanotube composites, research shows demonstrate a considerable increase in tensile stress, hardness and yield stress. In an additional study, when compared to pure Titanium, Titanium/Carbon Nanotube composites displayed increased property hardness of the metal as well as improved elastic modulus.
Copper is a Block D, Group 11, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Copper's shells is 2, 8, 18, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s1. In its elemental form copper's CAS number is 7440-50-8. The copper atom has a radius of 127.8 .pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 140.pm. Copper is an essential trace element in animals and plants, but in excess copper is toxic. Due to its high electrical conductivity, large amounts of copper are used by the electrical industry for wire. Of all pure metals, only silver has a higher electrical conductivity. Copper is also resistant to corrosion caused by moisture, making it a widely used material in pipes, coins, and jewelry. Copper is often too soft for its applications, so it is incorporated in numerous alloys. For example, brass is a copper-zinc alloy, and bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Copper sulfate (CuSO 4·H2O), also known as blue vitrol, is the most well-known copper compound. It is used as an agricultural poison, an algicide, and as a pigment for inks. Cuprous chloride (CuCl) is a powder used to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2). Copper cyanide (CuCN) is often used in electroplating applications. Copper is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Copper was first discovered by Early Man. The origin of the word copper comes from the Latin word 'cuprium' which translates as "metal of Cyprus". Cyprus, a Mediterranean island, was known as an ancient source of mined copper. See Copper research below.
Carbon is a Block P, Group 12, Period 2 element. The number of electrons in each of Carbon's shells is 2, 4 and its electronic configuration is [He] 2s2 2p2. In its elemental form carbon's CAS number is 7440-44-0. Carbon in its purest form has very low toxicity. Carbon black dust, such as soot or coal dust can cause irritation and damage to the lungs when inhaled in large quantities. Carbon In its elemental form is one of the softest (graphite) and hardest (diamond) materials found in nature. Applications for graphitic carbon include in lubricant formulations and as the replacement for lead in pencils. Diamond and diamond micropowder have numerous industrial applications due to its extreme hardness and resistance to heat and pressure, including in geological drilling bits, grinding media and as a high strength, high temperature abrasive.Graphene is a nanoscale ultra thin film or foil with thicknesses as small as 1 nanometer which can be produced from either silicon carbide or graphite flake processing. These include in drill bits and grinding media and grinding equipment. Carbon also finds application in steel alloys, in various filtering and purification technologies and as a neutron moderator in nuclear power plants. Carbon is available as a nanoparticle and in single-walled, double-walled and multi-walled nanotubes with purities from 99% to 99.999% ( ultra-high purity ). Carbon was first discovered by Hans Christian Oersted in 1825. The name carbon originates from the Latin word 'carbo' meaning charcoal. See Carbon research below.
Formula
CAS No.
Appearance
Molecular Weight
CuC
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Altered intracellular localization and valosin-containing protein (p97 VCP) interaction underlie ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy.
Yi L, Donsante A, Kennerson ML, Mercer JF, Garbern JY, Kaler SG.
Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Dec 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22210628
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Chitinolytic and Chitosanolytic Activities from Crude Cellulase Extract Produced by A. niger Grown on Apple Pomace Through Koji Fermentation.
Dhillon GS, Brar SK, Kaur S, Valero JR, Verma M.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Dec;21(12):1312-21.
PMID:
22210619
[PubMed - in process]
Structural and functional recovery of microbial biofilms after a decrease in copper exposure: Influence of the presence of pristine communities.
Lambert AS, Morin S, Artigas J, Volat B, Coquery M, Neyra M, Pesce S.
Aquat Toxicol. 2011 Dec 14;109C:118-126. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22210500
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Effects of copper on osmoregulation in sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus acclimated to different salinities.
Adeyemi JA, Deaton LE, Pesacreta TC, Klerks PL.
Aquat Toxicol. 2011 Dec 14;109C:111-117. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22210499
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Characterization of the Chitinolytic Machinery of Enterococcus faecalis V583 and High-Resolution Structure of Its Oxidative CBM33 Enzyme.
Vaaje-Kolstad G, Bøhle LA, Gåseidnes S, Dalhus B, Bjørås M, Mathiesen G, Eijsink VG.
J Mol Biol. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22210154
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrochemistry of copper(II) induced complexes in mycorrhizal maize plant tissues.
Zitka O, Merlos MA, Adam V, Ferrol N, Pohanka M, Hubalek J, Zehnalek J, Trnkova L, Kizek R.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
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22209587
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The metal binding abilities of Megathura crenulata metallothionein (McMT) in the frame of Gastropoda MTs.
Pérez-Rafael S, Mezger A, Lieb B, Dallinger R, Capdevila M, Palacios O, Atrian S.
J Inorg Biochem. 2011 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22209022
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Photoluminescence quenching/recovery kinetics of [Ru(bpy)(2)(tatp)](2+) and [Ru(bpy)(2)(dmtatp)](2+) intercalated within DNA by copper(II) ions and EDTA.
Ji S, Chen M, Gan G, Li H, Li W.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22208960
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Peculiarities of copper binding to alpha-synuclein.
Ahmad A, Burns CS, Fink AL, Uversky VN.
J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2012 Feb;29(4):825-42.
PMID:
22208282
[PubMed - in process]
Role of Vitamin C and E Supplementation on IL-6 in response to Training.
Yfanti C, Fischer CP, Nielsen S, Akerström T, Nielsen AR, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D, Lykkesfeldt J, Pilegaard H, Pedersen BK.
J Appl Physiol. 2011 Dec 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22207723
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Zinc, Ferritin, Magnesium and Copper in a group of Egyptian Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
Mahmoud MM, El-Mazary AA, Maher RM, Saber MM.
Ital J Pediatr. 2011 Dec 29;37(1):60. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22206662
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Intramolecular C-H Amination Leading to Imidazobenzimidazole Derivatives.
Wang X, Jin Y, Zhao Y, Zhu L, Fu H.
Org Lett. 2011 Dec 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22206482
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High-Throughput Graphene Imaging on Arbitrary Substrates with Widefield Raman Spectroscopy.
Havener RW, Ju SY, Brown L, Wang Z, Wojcik M, Ruiz-Vargas CS, Park J.
ACS Nano. 2011 Dec 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22206260
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Triarylboron-Functionalized Cu(II) Carboxylate Paddlewheel Complexes.
Blight BA, Stewart AF, Wang N, Lu JS, Wang S.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Dec 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22206219
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Application of a topical biomimetic electrical signaling technology to photo-aging: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a galvanic zinc-copper complex.
Chantalat J, Bruning E, Sun Y, Liu JC.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2012 Jan 1;11(1):30-7.
PMID:
22206074
[PubMed - in process]
Assessment of Metal Pollution in Soils From a Former Havana (Cuba) Solid Waste Open Dump.
Díaz Rizo O, Hernández Merlo M, Echeverría Castillo F, Arado López JO.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22205471
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Coordination chemistry of copper proteins: How nature handles a toxic cargo for essential function.
Rubino JT, Franz KJ.
J Inorg Biochem. 2011 Dec 3;107(1):129-143. [Epub ahead of print]
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22204943
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Palm oil fruit shells as biosorbent for copper removal from water and wastewater: Experiments and sorption models.
Hossain MA, Ngo HH, Guo WS, Nguyen TV.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22204888
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effective and reversible DNA condensation induced by bifunctional molecules containing macrocyclic polyamines and naphthyl moieties.
Yan H, Li ZF, Guo ZF, Lu ZL, Wang F, Wu LZ.
Bioorg Med Chem. 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
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22204742
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fish quarantine: current practices in public zoos and aquaria.
Hadfield CA, Clayton LA.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2011 Dec;42(4):641-50.
PMID:
22204059
[PubMed - in process]
Recent Research & Development for Carbon
Catalytic Asymmetric [4 + 2] Additions with Aliphatic Nitroalkenes.
Bartelson KJ, Singh RP, Foxman BM, Deng L.
Chem Sci. 2011 Oct;2(10):1940-1944.
PMID:
22174973
[PubMed]
Environmental forcing of nitrogen fixation in the eastern tropical and sub-tropical north atlantic ocean.
Rijkenberg MJ, Langlois RJ, Mills MM, Patey MD, Hill PG, Nielsdóttir MC, Compton TJ, Laroche J, Achterberg EP.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28989. Epub 2011 Dec 13.
PMID:
22174940
[PubMed - in process]
Revealing the Functions of the Transketolase Enzyme Isoforms in Rhodopseudomonas palustris Using a Systems Biology Approach.
Hu CW, Chang YL, Chen SJ, Kuo-Huang LL, Liao JC, Huang HC, Juan HF.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28329. Epub 2011 Dec 8.
PMID:
22174789
[PubMed - in process]
Prediction of Protein Modification Sites of Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid Using mRMR Feature Selection and Analysis.
Zheng LL, Niu S, Hao P, Feng K, Cai YD, Li Y.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28221. Epub 2011 Dec 9.
PMID:
22174779
[PubMed - in process]
Plant Community Diversity Influences Allocation to Direct Chemical Defence in Plantago lanceolata.
Mraja A, Unsicker SB, Reichelt M, Gershenzon J, Roscher C.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28055. Epub 2011 Dec 9.
PMID:
22174766
[PubMed - in process]
Structural Insights into the Inhibition of Cytosolic 5'-Nucleotidase II (cN-II) by Ribonucleoside 5'-Monophosphate Analogues.
Gallier F, Lallemand P, Meurillon M, Jordheim LP, Dumontet C, Périgaud C, Lionne C, Peyrottes S, Chaloin L.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Dec;7(12):e1002295. Epub 2011 Dec 8.
PMID:
22174667
[PubMed - in process]
Topological anisotropy of stone-wales waves in graphenic fragments.
Ori O, Cataldo F, Putz MV.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(11):7934-49. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
PMID:
22174641
[PubMed - in process]
Environmental signals and regulatory pathways that influence exopolysaccharide production in rhizobia.
Janczarek M.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(11):7898-933. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
PMID:
22174640
[PubMed - in process]
Fatty Acid Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Seed Oil Extracted by Optimized Supercritical Carbon Dioxide.
Wang Y, Sun D, Chen H, Qian L, Xu P.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(11):7708-19. Epub 2011 Nov 8.
PMID:
22174626
[PubMed - in process]
A sandwich electrochemical immunosensor using magnetic DNA nanoprobes for carcinoembryonic antigen.
Gan N, Jia L, Zheng L.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(11):7410-23. Epub 2011 Oct 28.
PMID:
22174606
[PubMed - in process]
Review of crystalline structures of some selected homologous series of rod-like molecules capable of forming liquid crystalline phases.
Zugenmaier P.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(11):7360-400. Epub 2011 Oct 28.
PMID:
22174604
[PubMed - in process]
The Southern Ocean's Role in Carbon Exchange During the Last Deglaciation.
Burke A, Robinson LF.
Science. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22174131
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Consequences of resource limitation for recovery from repeated defoliation in Eucalyptus globulus Labilladiere.
Barry KM, Quentin A, Eyles A, Pinkard EA.
Tree Physiol. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22174093
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Are Unsaturated Isocyanides so Different from the Corresponding Nitriles?
Chrostowska A, Matrane A, Maki D, Khayar S, Ushiki H, Graciaa A, Belachemi L, Guillemin JC.
Chemphyschem. 2011 Dec 15. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201100672. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22174079
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Supramolecular Materials: Photosensitized Hydrogen Evolution from Water Using a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Fullerodendron/SiO(2) Coaxial Nanohybrid (Adv. Mater. 48/2011).
Tajima T, Sakata W, Wada T, Tsutsui A, Nishimoto S, Miyake M, Takaguchi Y.
Adv Mater. 2011 Dec 22;23(48):5749. doi: 10.1002/adma.201190195.
PMID:
22174015
[PubMed - in process]
Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Mannich Reactions of Synthetically Flexible Ketimines with Secondary Amine Organocatalysts.
Kano T, Song S, Kubota Y, Maruoka K.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Dec 15. doi: 10.1002/anie.201107375. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22173941
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A computational and experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of single ZnTe nanowires.
Davami K, Mortazavi B, Ghassemi HM, Yassar RS, Lee JS, Rémond Y, Meyyappan M.
Nanoscale. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22173853
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Preparation and characterization of hybrid conducting polymer-carbon nanotube yarn.
Foroughi J, Spinks GM, Ghorbani SR, Kozlov ME, Safaei F, Peleckis G, Wallace GG, Baughman RH.
Nanoscale. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22173836
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Simultaneous determination of the quantity and isotopic signature of dissolved organic matter from soil water using high-performance liquid chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry.
Scheibe A, Krantz L, Gleixner G.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2012 Jan 30;26(2):173-80. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5311.
PMID:
22173805
[PubMed - in process]
High-temperature pyrolysis/gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry: simultaneous measurement of the stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in cellulose.
Woodley EJ, Loader NJ, McCarroll D, Young GH, Robertson I, Heaton TH, Gagen MH, Warham JO.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2012 Jan 30;26(2):109-14. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5302.
PMID:
22173798
[PubMed - in process]
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