Chromium Acetylacetonate is a Chromium source that is soluble in organic solvents as an organometallic compound (also known as metalorganic, organo-inorganic and metallo-organic compounds). The High Purity acetylacetonate anion complexes by bonding each oxygen atom to the metallic cation to form a chelate ring.Because of this property, Chromium Acetylacetonate is commonly used in various catalysts and catalytic reagents for organic synthesis. It is generally immediately available in most volumes. Ultra high purity and high purity forms may be considered. Chromium Acetylacetonate is one of numerous organo-metallic compounds (also known as metalorganic, organo-inorganic and metallo-organic compounds) sold by American Elements under the tradename AE Organo-Metallics™ for uses requiring non-aqueous solubility such as recent solar energy and water treatment applications. Similar results can sometimes also be achieved with Nanoparticles (also see Nanotechnology and Quantum Dots) and by thin film deposition. Note American Elements additionally supplies many materials as solutions. The numerous commercial applications for Chromium include the basis for cathode compositions for oxygen generation and fuel cell applications.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Chromium is a Block D, Group 6, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Chromium's shells is 2, 8, 13, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d5 4s1. In its elemental form chromium's CAS number is 7440-47-3. The chromium atom has a radius of 124.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Hexavalent chromium is toxic. Chromium is highly resistant to corrosion. This has led to its use in numerous alloying and steel producing applications. When chromium is added to glass or ceramic glazes, it produces a brilliant green. Chromium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is also used as a paint pigment for this purpose.Although chromium metal is an essential trace element, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is especially toxic and carcinogenic. Recently, chromites have formed the basis for cathode compositions for oxygen generation and fuel cell applications. Chromium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. Chromium was first discovered by Anders Ekeberg in 1802. Due to its various colorful compounds, Chromium was named after the Greek word 'chroma' meaning color. See Chromium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
trans-Tetra-carbonyl-bis-[tris-(3-fluoro-phen-yl)phosphane]chromium(0).
Norlidah MN, Yazid MY, Shawkataly OB, Rosli MM, Fun HK.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1652-m1653. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
PMID:
22199480
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Preparation and characterization of La(III) encapsulated silica gel/chitosan composite and its metal uptake studies.
Gandhi MR, Meenakshi S.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Nov 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22197561
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electro-migration of heavy metals in an aged electroplating contaminated soil affected by the coexisting hexavalent chromium.
Zhang W, Zhuang L, Tong L, Lo IM, Qiu R.
Chemosphere. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22197017
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Angular momentum conservation in dipolar energy transfer.
Guo D, Knight TE, McCusker JK.
Science. 2011 Dec 23;334(6063):1684-7.
PMID:
22194572
[PubMed - in process]
Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution.
Taylor HE, Antweiler RC, Roth DA, Alpers CN, Dileanis P.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22193863
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chromium and genomic stability.
Wise SS, Wise JP Sr.
Mutat Res. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22192535
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Theoretical Evaluation of Ethylene Insertion into Chromium Alkyl Bonds of Cp-Donor based Olefin Polymerization Catalysts.
Xu R, Klatt G, Enders M, Koeppel H.
J Phys Chem A. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22191673
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by modified corn stalk: A fixed-bed column study.
Chen S, Yue Q, Gao B, Li Q, Xu X, Fu K.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22189077
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant and Toxic-Metal Tolerant Enterococci in Fresh Feces from Urban Pigeons in Brazil.
da Silva VL, Caçador NC, da Silva CD, Fontes CO, Garcia GD, Nicoli JR, Diniz CG.
Microbes Environ. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22188908
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Revision of a tibial baseplate using a customized oxinium component in a case of suspected metal allergy. A case report.
Van Opstal N, Verheyden F.
Acta Orthop Belg. 2011 Oct;77(5):691-5.
PMID:
22187849
[PubMed - in process]
Retention Strength of Cobalt-Chromium vs Nickel-Chromium Titanium vs CP Titanium in a Cast Framework Association of Removable Partial Overdenture.
Souza JE, Silva NR, Coelho PG, Zavanelli AC, Ferracioli RC, Zavanelli RA.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2011 May 1;12(3):179-86.
PMID:
22186813
[PubMed - in process]
Metal analysis, phytotoxic, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of selected medicinal plants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Khuda F, Iqbal Z, Zakiullah -, Khan A, Nasir F, Muhammad N, Khan JA, Khan MS.
Pak J Pharm Sci. 2012 Jan;25(1):51-58.
PMID:
22186309
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Correlation between metal allergy and treatment outcomes after ankle fracture fixation.
So S, Harris IA, Naylor JM, Adie S, Mittal R.
J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2011 Dec;19(3):309-13.
PMID:
22184160
[PubMed - in process]
Enhancement of the acute phase response to a lipopolysaccharide challenge in steers supplemented with chromium.
Burdick NC, Bernhard BC, Carroll JA, Rathmann RJ, Johnson BJ.
Innate Immun. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22180563
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Identification and hexavalent chromium reduction characteristics of Pannonibacter phragmitetus.
Shi Y, Chai L, Yang Z, Jing Q, Chen R, Chen Y.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2011 Dec 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22179413
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Exposure to particulate hexavalent chromium exacerbates allergic asthma pathology.
Schneider BC, Constant SL, Patierno SR, Jurjus RA, Ceryak SM.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22178736
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Circulating levels of metals are related to carotid atherosclerosis in elderly.
Lind PM, Olsén L, Lind L.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22178028
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Highly active nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-Fe(3)O(4) nanocomposites for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions.
Lv X, Xu J, Jiang G, Tang J, Xu X.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22177747
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Airborne concentrations of metals and total dust during solid catalyst loading and unloading operations at a petroleum refinery.
Lewis RC, Gaffney SH, Le MH, Unice KM, Paustenbach DJ.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22177528
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Simultaneous Synthesis of Both Rings of Chromenes via a Benzannulation/o-Quinone Methide Formation/Electrocyclization Cascade.
Majumdar N, Korthals KA, Wulff WD.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22176537
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]