Iron(III) Fluoride Trihydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Iron is a Block D, Group 8, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Iron's shells is 2, 8, 14, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d6 4s2. In its elemental form iron's CAS number is 7439-89-6. The iron atom has a radius of 124.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Iron is not toxic. Iron is the most commonly used metal for commercial applications due to its hardness, historical availability and low cost. Once used on its own, it is now alloyed with nickel and other elements to produce steel and other high strength, non-corrosive structural metals. Iron as a metal and as its many compounds has numerous uses. It is a primary colorant in glass and ceramics. It is a catalyst. It is the basis for low grade magnets and because of its magnetic properties is used extensively in memory tape. Recent applications for Iron nanoparticles include in water treatment of carbon tetrachloride in contaminated groundwater, magnetic data storage and resonance imaging (MRI) and in certain alloy and catalyst applications. Iron can also be introduced into processes using iron foil, pellets, rod and wire by thin film Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Organometallic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) for specific applications such as fuel cells and solar energy. Iron is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Iron was first discovered by Early Man.See Iron research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Cytochrome b mutation Y268S conferring the atovaquone resistance phenotype in the malaria parasite results in reduced parasite bc1 catalytic turnover and protein expression.
Fisher N, Abd Majid R, Antoine T, Al-Helal M, Warman AJ, Johnson DJ, Lawrenson AS, Ranson H, O'Neill PM, Ward SA, Biagini GA.
J Biol Chem. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22282497
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Serum ferritin levels and endocrinopathy in medically treated patients with ß thalassemia major.
Belhoul KM, Bakir ML, Saned MS, Kadhim AM, Musallam KM, Taher AT.
Ann Hematol. 2012 Jan 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281991
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Iron supplementation to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Besarab A, Coyne DW.
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2012 Jan 27;8(2):63. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2011.217. No abstract available.
PMID:
22281971
[PubMed - in process]
Anemia in Critical Illness: Insights into Etiology, Consequences and Management.
Hayden SJ, Albert TJ, Watkins TR, Swenson ER.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281832
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
IRON fMRI measurements of CBV and implications for BOLD signal.
Mandeville JB.
Neuroimage. 2012 Jan 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281669
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fatal idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis in association with pregnancy - Medico-legal evaluation.
Töro K, Herjavecz I, Vereckei E, Kovács M.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2012 Feb;19(2):101-104. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
PMID:
22281220
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Reduction of Fe(III)EDTA(-) in a NO(x) scrubbing solution by magnetic Fe(3)O(4)-chitosan microspheres immobilized mixed culture of iron-reducing bacteria.
Jing G, Zhou J, Zhou Z, Lin T.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Dec 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281145
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Reactive oxygen species are involved in ferroportin degradation induced by ceruloplasmin mutant Arg701Trp.
Persichini T, Francesco GD, Capone C, Cutone A, Bonaccorsi di Patti MC, Colasanti M, Musci G.
Neurochem Int. 2012 Jan 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281056
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effects of hypoxic preconditioning on the expression of iron influx and efflux proteins in primary neuron culture.
Du F, Fan M, Gong Q, Zhu LL, Zhu ZJ, Lu L, Ke Y.
Neurochem Int. 2012 Jan 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281055
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Iron deposition of the deep grey matter in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica: A control quantitative study by 3D-enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography (ESWAN).
Chen X, Zeng C, Luo T, Ouyang Y, Lv F, Rumzan R, Wang Z, Li Q, Wang J, Hou H, Huang F, Li Y.
Eur J Radiol. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280874
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Iron golf club with improved mass properties and vibration damping.
Roach RL.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Jan;131(1):643. No abstract available.
PMID:
22280652
[PubMed - in process]
Stability analysis of ultrasound thick-shell contrast agents.
Lu X, Chahine GL, Hsiao CT.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Jan;131(1):24.
PMID:
22280568
[PubMed - in process]
Role of Ureaplasma urealyticum in altering the endothelial metal concentration during preeclampsia.
Padmini E, Uthra V.
Placenta. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280558
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A polar corundum oxide displaying weak ferromagnetism at room temperature.
Li MR, Adem U, McMitchell SR, Xu Z, Thomas CI, Warren JE, Giap DV, Niu HJ, Wan X, Palgrave RG, Schiffmann F, Cora F, Slater B, Burnett TL, Cain MG, Abakumov AM, Van Tendeloo G, Thomas MF, Rosseinsky MJ, Claridge JB.
J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280499
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Targeting Vascular Changes in Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.
Karlik SJ, Roscoe WA, Patinote C, Contino-Pépin C.
Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem. 2012 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280405
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Transformation of copper and chromium in co-contaminated soil and its influence on bioavailability for pakchoi (Brassica chinensis)].
Wang D, Wei W, Liang DL, Wang SS, Hu B.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Oct;32(10):3113-20. Chinese.
PMID:
22279932
[PubMed - in process]
[Distribution characteristic and assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in the iron mining of Baotou in Inner Mongolia].
Guo W, Zhao RX, Zhang J, Bao YY, Wang H, Yang M, Sun XL, Jin F.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Oct;32(10):3099-105. Chinese.
PMID:
22279930
[PubMed - in process]
[Study of inactivating sulfate reducing bacteria with zero-valent iron nanoparticles].
Shu ZY, Wang J, Huang Y.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Oct;32(10):3040-4. Chinese.
PMID:
22279921
[PubMed - in process]
[Combination of intersticial cystitis and adenomyosis in females suffering from chronic pelvic pain syndrome].
[No authors listed]
Urologiia. 2011 Sep-Oct;(5):10, 12-4. Russian.
PMID:
22279779
[PubMed - in process]
[Antidiabetes drug metformin is a donor of nitric oxide: ESR measurement of efficiency].
[No authors listed]
Biofizika. 2011 Nov-Dec;56(6):1125-33. Russian.
PMID:
22279758
[PubMed - in process]
Recent Research & Development for Fluorides
Randomized controlled trial on fluoride varnish application for treatment of white spot lesion after fixed orthodontic treatment.
Du M, Cheng N, Tai B, Jiang H, Li J, Bian Z.
Clin Oral Investig. 2011 Feb 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21331637
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Site specific toxicological risk from fluoride exposure through ingestion of vegetables and cereal crops in Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Jha SK, Nayak AK, Sharma YK.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Feb 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21329982
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Measurement of Fluoride-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Using Gaussia Luciferase.
Sharma R, Tsuchiya M, Tannous BA, Bartlett JD.
Methods Enzymol. 2011;491C:111-125.
PMID:
21329797
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
"The toxic effect of fluoride on MG63 osteoblast cells is also dependent on the production of nitric oxide"
Bergandi L, Aina V, Malavasi G, Morterra C, Ghigo D.
Chem Biol Interact. 2011 Feb 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21329685
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Expanding Coverage of the Metabolome for Global Metabolite Profiling.
Yanes O, Tautenhahn R, Patti GJ, Siuzdak G.
Anal Chem. 2011 Feb 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21329365
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Oral care.
Hitz Lindenmüller I, Lambrecht JT.
Curr Probl Dermatol. 2011;40:107-15. Epub 2011 Feb 10.
PMID:
21325845
[PubMed - in process]
Antibacterial Activity and Physical Properties of Conventional Glass-ionomer Cements Containing Chlorhexidine Diacetate/Cetrimide Mixtures.
Tüzüner T, Kusgöz A, Er K, Tasdemir T, Buruk K, Kemer B.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2011 Feb;23(1):46-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2010.00385.x.
PMID:
21323839
[PubMed - in process]
Publisher's Note: "Kinetics following addition of sulfur fluorides to a weakly ionized plasma from 300 to 500 K: Rate constants and product determinations for ion-ion mutual neutralization and thermal electron attachment to SF(5), SF(3), and SF(2)" [J. Chem. Phys. 133, 234304 (2010)].
Shuman NS, Miller TM, Hazari N, Luzik ED, Viggiano AA.
J Chem Phys. 2011 Feb 14;134(6):069901. No abstract available.
PMID:
21322742
[PubMed - in process]
[Effect of oral rinse with Turkish gall on the clinical periodontal parameters and halitosis.]
An YB, He L, Meng HX, Liu TT, Yan FH.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. 2011 Feb 18;43(1):22-25. Chinese.
PMID:
21321613
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In Vivo Imaging of Mineral Deposition in Carotid Plaque Using 18F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT: Correlation with Atherogenic Risk Factors.
Derlin T, Wisotzki C, Richter U, Apostolova I, Bannas P, Weber C, Mester J, Klutmann S.
J Nucl Med. 2011 Feb 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21321276
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Evaluation of fluoride varnish and its comparison with pumice prophylaxis using self-etching primer in orthodontic bonding--an in vivo study.
Grover S, Sidhu MS, Prabhakar M, Jena S, Soni S.
Eur J Orthod. 2011 Feb 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21320891
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fluoride consumption and its impact on oral health.
Jiménez-Farfán MD, Hernández-Guerrero JC, Juárez-López LA, Jacinto-Alemán LF, de la Fuente-Hernández J.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 Jan;8(1):148-60. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
PMID:
21318021
[PubMed - in process]
Effects of a fluoride-containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate complex on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets.
Cehreli SB, Sar C, Polat-Özsoy O, Unver B, Ozsoy S.
Eur J Orthod. 2011 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21317209
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fluoride concentration in dentine as a biomarker of fluoride intake in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) - An electron-microprobe study.
Richter H, Kierdorf U, Richards A, Melcher F, Kierdorf H.
Arch Oral Biol. 2011 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21316646
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of hypoxia imaging agent 1-(5-deoxy-5-fluoro-a-d-arabinofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole using microfluidic technology.
Bouvet VR, Wuest M, Wiebe LI, Wuest F.
Nucl Med Biol. 2011 Feb;38(2):235-45. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
PMID:
21315279
[PubMed - in process]
Properties of Partially Purified Endopolyphosphatase of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Lichko LP, Kulakovskaya TV, Kulaev IS.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2010 Nov;75(11):1404-7.
PMID:
21314609
[PubMed - in process]
Study of interaction of ceruloplasmin with serprocidins.
Sokolov AV, Ageeva KV, Kostevich VA, Berlov MN, Runova OL, Zakharova ET, Vasilyev VB.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2010 Nov;75(11):1361-7.
PMID:
21314603
[PubMed - in process]
Silver-Mediated Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C-H Arylation of 3-Bromoisothiazole-4-carbonitrile.
Ioannidou HA, Koutentis PA.
Org Lett. 2011 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21314108
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Impact of an oral health intervention on pre-school children <3 years of age in a rural setting in Australia.
Neumann AS, Lee KJ, Gussy MG, Waters EB, Carlin JB, Riggs E, Kilpatrick NM.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2011 Feb 11. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01988.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21309883
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Prophylactic agents and bacterial adherence to titanium.
Barros RN, Gouvêa CV.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Feb 11. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02099.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21309861
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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