American Elements specializes in producing Gallium Bromide in an ultra dry form for use as a compound in semiconductors and other high purity applications. Ultra Dry Gallium Bromide is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Gallium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Gallium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1. In its elemental form gallium's CAS number is 7440-55-3. The gallium atom has a radius of 122.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 187.pm. Gallium is not toxic. Gallium is one of three elements that naturally occur as a liquid at room temperature. The other two are mercury and cesium. The application of gallium that has received the most attention is the production of semiconducting compounds. Of these, the most important are the compounds of gallium with antimony, arsenic or phosphor. Nowadays gallium arsenide (Ga-As) is undoubtedly the most used. This compound is used in the production of several electronic parts such as diodes and transistors, made for voltage rectification, signal amplification, etc. Other gallium arsenide applications are the semiconductor "lasing" and microwave generation and also in sensors to measure temperature, light or magnetic field. Gallium was first discovered by Hans Christian Oersted in 1825. See Gallium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Synthesis of fluoranthenes by hydroarylation of alkynes catalyzed by gold(I) or gallium trichloride.
Pascual S, Bour C, de Mendoza P, Echavarren AM.
Beilstein J Org Chem. 2011;7:1520-5. Epub 2011 Nov 14.
PMID:
22238527
[PubMed - in process]
Radioguided surgery in neuroendocrine tumors using ga-68-labeled somatostatin analogs: a pilot study.
Kaemmerer D, Prasad V, Daffner W, Haugvik SP, Senftleben S, Baum RP, Hommann M.
Clin Nucl Med. 2012 Feb;37(2):142-7.
PMID:
22228336
[PubMed - in process]
Complexation of Metal Ions with TRAP (1,4,7-Triazacyclononane Phosphinic Acid) Ligands and 1,4,7-Triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic Acid: Phosphinate-Containing Ligands as Unique Chelators for Trivalent Gallium.
Simecek J, Schulz M, Notni J, Plutnar J, Kubícek V, Havlícková J, Hermann P.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Jan 2;51(1):577-90. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
PMID:
22221285
[PubMed - in process]
A Sterically Demanding Iminopyridine Ligand Affords Redox-Active Complexes of Aluminum(III) and Gallium(III).
Myers TW, Berben LA.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22220939
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Report from the 1(st )World Congress on Gallium-68 and Peptide Receptor Radio Nuclide Therapy (PRRNT), Bad Berka (Germany), June 23-26, 2011.
Jurgilewicz D.
Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 2011;14(2):125-6. No abstract available.
PMID:
22219158
[PubMed - in process]
Molecular effects of gallium on osteoclastic differentiation of mouse and human monocytes.
Verron E, Loubat A, Carle GF, Vignes-Colombeix C, Strazic I, Guicheux J, Rochet N, Bouler JM, Scimeca JC.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22202439
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The ARRONAX Project.
Haddad F, Barbet J, Chatal JF.
Curr Radiopharm. 2011 Jul 1;4(3):186-96.
PMID:
22201708
[PubMed - in process]
Differential Cytostatic and Cytotoxic Action of Metallocorroles against Human Cancer Cells: Potential Platforms for Anticancer Drug Development.
Lim P, Mahammed A, Okun Z, Saltsman I, Gross Z, Gray HB, Termini J.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Jan 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22185566
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Autonomic Restoration of Electrical Conductivity.
Blaiszik BJ, Kramer SL, Grady ME, McIlroy DA, Moore JS, Sottos NR, White SR.
Adv Mater. 2011 Dec 20. doi: 10.1002/adma.201102888. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22183927
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Dependence of the Redshifted and Blueshifted Photoluminescence Spectra of Single In_{x}Ga_{1-x}As/GaAs Quantum Dots on the Applied Uniaxial Stress.
Jöns KD, Hafenbrak R, Singh R, Ding F, Plumhof JD, Rastelli A, Schmidt OG, Bester G, Michler P.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Nov 18;107(21):217402. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
PMID:
22181923
[PubMed - in process]
Second line salvage chemotherapy for transplant-eligible patients with Hodgkin lymphoma resistant to platinum-containing first-line salvage chemotherapy.
Villa D, Seshadri T, Puig N, Massey C, Tsang R, Keating A, Crump M, Kuruvilla J.
Haematologica. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22180434
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hole spin relaxation in Ge-Si core-shell nanowire qubits.
Hu Y, Kuemmeth F, Lieber CM, Marcus CM.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2011 Dec 18;7(1):47-50. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2011.234.
PMID:
22179569
[PubMed - in process]
Synthesis, radiometal labeling and in vitro evaluation of a targeted PPIX derivative.
Behnam Azad B, Cho CF, Lewis JD, Luyt LG.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2012 Mar;70(3):505-11. Epub 2011 Dec 6.
PMID:
22178308
[PubMed - in process]
Leukemia, thyroiditis and gallium-67 scan.
Wiwanitkit V.
Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2011 Apr;32(2):122. No abstract available.
PMID:
22174505
[PubMed - in process]
Unusual presentation of mycosis fungoides as a lump in the scalp.
Imran MB, Othman S, Shahid A.
Singapore Med J. 2011 Nov;52(11):e226-8.
PMID:
22173261
[PubMed - in process]
(68)Ga-labeling and in vivo evaluation of a uPAR binding DOTA- and NODAGA-conjugated peptide for PET imaging of invasive cancers.
Persson M, Madsen J, Ostergaard S, Ploug M, Kjaer A.
Nucl Med Biol. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22172391
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cathodoluminescence spectra of gallium nitride nanorods.
Tsai CC, Li GH, Lin YT, Chang CW, Wadekar P, Chen QY, Rigutti L, Tchernycheva M, Julien FH, Tu LW.
Nanoscale Res Lett. 2011 Dec 14;6(1):631. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22168896
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Design of neutral lewis superacids of group 13 elements.
Mück LA, Timoshkin AY, Frenking G.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Jan 2;51(1):640-6. Epub 2011 Dec 14.
PMID:
22168307
[PubMed - in process]
Role of Gallium-67 scintigraphy in the evaluation of occult sepsis in the medical ICU.
Chen WC, Tsai KD, Chen CH, Lin MS, Chen CM, Shih CM, Chen W.
Intern Emerg Med. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22167445
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Susceptibility of Candida albicans to photodynamic therapy using methylene blue and toluidine blue as photosensitizing dyes.
Pupo YM, Gomes GM, Santos EB, Chaves L, Michel MD, Kozlowski VA Jr, Gomes OM, Gomes JC.
Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2011;24(2):188-92.
PMID:
22165318
[PubMed - in process]
Recent Research & Development for Bromides
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation by aminoflavone: New molecular target for renal cancer treatment.
Callero MA, Suárez GV, Luzzani G, Itkin B, Nguyen B, Loaiza-Perez AI.
Int J Oncol. 2012 Apr 5. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1427. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22485252
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Marine bromophenol bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether, induces mitochondrial apoptosis in K562 cells and inhibits topoisomerase I in vitro.
Liu M, Zhang W, Wei J, Qiu L, Lin X.
Toxicol Lett. 2012 Mar 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22484147
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
One-pot synthesis of aptamer functionalized silver nanoclusters for cell-type specific imaging.
Li J, Zhong X, Cheng F, Zhang JR, Jiang LP, Zhu JJ.
Anal Chem. 2012 Apr 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22482827
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Metabolic Activation of Prasugrel : Nature of the two Competitive Pathways Resulting in the Opening of its Thiophene Ring.
Dansette PM, Rosi J, Debernardi J, Bertho G, Mansuy D.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22482514
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
GnRH-III based multifunctional drug delivery systems containing daunorubicin and methotrexate.
Leurs U, Lajkó E, Mezo G, Orbán E, Ohlschläger P, Marquardt A, Kohidai L, Manea M.
Eur J Med Chem. 2012 Mar 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22480495
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hepatoprotective effects and HSV-1 activity of the hydroethanolic extract of Cecropia glaziovii (embaúba-vermelha) against acyclovir-resistant strain.
Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Costa GM, Kappel VD, de Oliveira SQ, Fortunato J, Cittadini-Zanette V, Fonseca Moreira JC, Oliveira Simőes CM, Dal-Pizzol F, Reginatto FH.
Pharm Biol. 2012 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22480215
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A solution-based nano-plasmonic sensing technique by using gold nanorods.
Ho FH, Wu YH, Ujihara M, Imae T.
Analyst. 2012 Apr 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22479700
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In vitro antiproliferative effects of the indole alkaloid vallesiachotamine on human melanoma cells.
Soares PR, de Oliveira PL, de Oliveira CM, Kato L, Guillo LA.
Arch Pharm Res. 2012 Mar;35(3):565-71. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
PMID:
22477204
[PubMed - in process]
Role of a novel pyridostigmine bromide-phospholipid nanocomplex in improving oral bioavailability.
Tan QY, Hu NN, Liu GD, Yin HF, Zhang L, Wang H, Lu LY, Zhang JQ.
Arch Pharm Res. 2012 Mar;35(3):499-508. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
PMID:
22477197
[PubMed - in process]
Alkyl-chain disorder in tetraisohexylammonium bromide.
Kelland MA, Thompson AL.
Acta Crystallogr C. 2012 Apr;68(Pt 4):o152-5. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
PMID:
22476146
[PubMed - in process]
Electrosynthesis of a Sc3N@Ih-C80 Methano Derivative from Trianionic Sc3N@Ih-C80.
Li FF, Rodriguez-Fortea A, Peng P, Campos Chavez GA, Poblet JM, Echegoyen L.
J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Apr 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475512
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Adsorption of ß-Casein-Surfactant Mixed Layers at the Air-Water Interface Evaluated by Interfacial Rheology.
Maestro A, Kotsmar C, Javadi A, Miller R, Ortega F, Rubio RG.
J Phys Chem B. 2012 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475110
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Halogen Oxidation and Halogen Photoelimination Chemistry of a Platinum-Rhodium Heterobimetallic Core.
Cook TR, McCarthy BD, Lutterman DA, Nocera DG.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475040
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Antimicrobial studies of unsymmetrical bis-1,2,3-Triazoles.
Banday AH, Shameem SA, Ganai BA.
Org Med Chem Lett. 2012 Apr 4;2(1):13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22475037
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Nickel-Mediated Inter- and Intramolecular Reductive Cross-Coupling of Unactivated Alkyl Bromides and Aryl Iodides at Room Temperature.
Yan CS, Peng Y, Xu XB, Wang YW.
Chemistry. 2012 Mar 30. doi: 10.1002/chem.201200190. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473912
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Bulky Biaryl Phosphine Ligand Allows for Palladium-Catalyzed Amidation of Five-Membered Heterocycles as Electrophiles.
Su M, Buchwald SL.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Mar 30. doi: 10.1002/anie.201201244. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473747
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Antiproliferative Activity of Polygonaceae Species from the Carpathian Basin against Human Cancer Cell Lines.
Lajter I, Zupkó I, Molnár J, Jakab G, Balogh L, Vasas A, Hohmann J.
Phytother Res. 2012 Apr 4. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4690. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473656
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Diastereoselective alkylation reactions of 1-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid.
Bennett NJ, Elliott MC, Hewitt NL, Kariuki BM, Morton CA, Raw SA, Tomasi S.
Org Biomol Chem. 2012 Apr 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22473327
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Phase-transfer catalytic dichlorocyclopropanation of styrene under the influence of ultrasound conditions - A kinetic study.
Wang ML, Prasad GS.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22472498
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In vitro targeted imaging and delivery of camptothecin using cetuximab-conjugated multifunctional PLGA-ZnS nanoparticles.
Deepagan VG, Sarmento B, Menon D, Nascimento A, Jayasree A, Sreeranganathan M, Koyakutty M, Nair SV, Rangasamy J.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2012 Apr;7(4):507-19.
PMID:
22471719
[PubMed - in process]
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June 18-20, 2012
in Charlotte, North Carolina
Gallium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Gallium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1. In its elemental form gallium's CAS number is 7440-55-3. The gallium atom has a radius of 122.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 187.pm. Gallium is not toxic. Gallium is one of three elements that naturally occur as a liquid at room temperature. The other two are mercury and cesium. The application of gallium that has received the most attention is the production of semiconducting compounds. Of these, the 
most
important are the compounds of gallium with antimony, arsenic or phosphor. Nowadays gallium arsenide (Ga-As) is undoubtedly the most used. This compound is used in the production of several electronic parts such as diodes and transistors, made for voltage rectification, signal amplification, etc. Other gallium arsenide applications are the semiconductor "lasing" and microwave generation and also in sensors to measure temperature, light or magnetic field. Gallium was first discovered by Hans Christian Oersted in 1825. See Gallium research below.
