Mercury information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
 Mercury is a Block D, Group 12, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Mercury's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2. In its elemental form mercury's CAS number is 7439-97-6. The mercury atom has a radius of 216.pm and
it's Van der Waals radius is 155.pm. Mercury is very toxic. Mercury has been known since ancient times. See Mercury research below.
 Mercury has been known since ancient times. Mercury was named after the planet "Mercury".
 mercure |
Quecksilber |
 mercurio |
 Mercúrio |
 mercurio |
Kvicksilver |
Mercury Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of mercury and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.
| Isotope |
Atomic Mass |
% Abundance on Earth |
| Hg-196 |
195.965815 |
0.15 |
| Hg-198 |
197.966752 |
9.97 |
| Hg-199 |
198.968262 |
16.87 |
| Hg-200 |
199.968309 |
23.10 |
| Hg-201 |
200.970285 |
13.18 |
| Hg-202 |
201.970626 |
29.86 |
| Hg-204 |
203.973476 |
6.87 |
The following table shows the abundance of Mercury present in the human body and in the universe scaled to parts per billion (ppb) by weight and by atom:
| |
Typical Human Body |
Universe |
| by Weight |
no data |
1 ppb |
| by Atom |
no data |
0.006 ppb |
Mercury Safety Data. The safety data for mercury metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin. Mercury compounds have no biological role.
Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for mercury (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:
| 1st Ionization Energy |
1007.07 kJ mol-1 |
| 2nd Ionization Energy |
1809.69 kJ mol-1 |
| 3rd Ionization Energy |
3299.82 kJ mol-1 |
Conductivity. As to mercury's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is 95.8 µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 1.9. The thermal conductivity of mercury is 8.34 W m-1 K-1.
Thermal Properties of Mercury. The melting point and boiling point for mercury are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.
| Heat of Fusion |
2.331 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Vaporization |
59.11 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Atomization |
64.463 kJ mol-1 |
Recent Research & Development for Mercury
Mercury Emission Factors from Intensive Shrimp Aquaculture and Their Relative Importance to the Jaguaribe River Estuary, NE Brazil.
Lacerda LD, Soares TM, Costa BG, Godoy MD.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21922284
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Seasonal Dynamics of Dissolved Metals in Surface Coastal Waters of Southwest India.
Udayakumar P, Chandran A, Jean Jose J, Rajesh BR, Narendra Babu K, Ouseph PP.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21922283
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Sensitive Detection of Elemental Mercury Vapor by Gold Nanoparticle Decorated Carbon Nanotube Sensors.
McNicholas TP, Zhao K, Yang C, Hernandez SC, Mulchandani A, Myung NV, Deshusses MA.
J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces. 2011 Jul 21;115(28):13927-13931.
PMID:
21922036
[PubMed]
The phytochelatin transporters AtABCC1 and AtABCC2 mediate tolerance to cadmium and mercury.
Park J, Song WY, Ko D, Eom Y, Hansen TH, Schiller M, Lee TG, Martinoia E, Lee Y.
Plant J. 2011 Sep 15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04789.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21919981
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury distribution and lipid oxidation in fish muscle: Effects of washing and isoelectric protein precipitation.
Gong Y, Krabbenhoft DP, Ren L, Egelandsdal B, Richards MP.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21919525
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Reliability of Measurement of Tissue Pressure in Compartment Syndrome.
Hammerberg EM, Whitesides TE Jr, Seiler JG 3rd.
J Orthop Trauma. 2011 Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21918480
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Clinical blood pressure measurement verification when comparing a Tensoval duo control device with a mercury sphygmomanometer in patients suffering from atrial fibrillation.
Farsky S, Benova K, Krausova D, Sirotiaková J, Vysocanova P.
Blood Press Monit. 2011 Oct;16(5):252-7.
PMID:
21914986
[PubMed - in process]
Assessment of Daily Intake of Toxic Elements Due to Consumption of Vegetables, Fruits, Meat, and Seafood by Inhabitants of Xiamen, China.
Chen C, Qian Y, Chen Q, Li C.
J Food Sci. 2011 Sep 13. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02341.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21913923
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bacterial mer operon-mediated detoxification of mercurial compounds: a short review.
Mathema VB, Thakuri BC, Sillanpää M.
Arch Microbiol. 2011 Sep 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21912976
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Heavy metal poisoning and cardiovascular disease.
Alissa EM, Ferns GA.
J Toxicol. 2011;2011:870125. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
PMID:
21912545
[PubMed - in process]
The first application of a new polysaccharide from Acanthophyllum bracteatum for the health improvement of Atlantic Salmon exposed to mercury chloride.
Jahanbin K, Hedayati A, Moini S, Gohari AR, Emam-Djomeh Z, Esposito A, Bagheri T.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Sep 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21911428
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Serum hormone and biochemical activity as biomarkers of mercury toxicity in the Yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus.
Hedayati A, Safahieh A.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Sep 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21911425
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Total mercury in canned yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares marketed in northwest Mexico.
Ruelas-Inzunza J, Patiño-Mejía C, Soto-Jiménez M, Barba-Quintero G, Spanopoulos-Hernández M.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Sep 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21911030
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury Export from the Yukon River Basin and Potential Response to a Changing Climate.
Schuster PF, Striegl RG, Aiken GR, Krabbenhoft DP, Dewild JF, Butler K, Kamark B, Dornblaser M.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Sep 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21910490
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury in the Great Lakes region: bioaccumulation, spatiotemporal patterns, ecological risks, and policy.
Evers DC, Wiener JG, Basu N, Bodaly RA, Morrison HA, Williams KA.
Ecotoxicology. 2011 Sep 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21909960
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Long-range effect of cyanide on mercury methylation in a gold mining area in southern Ecuador.
Guimaraes JR, Betancourt O, Miranda MR, Barriga R, Cueva E, Betancourt S.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21908015
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chronic inorganic mercury exposure induces sex-specific changes in central TNFa expression: Importance in autism?
Thomas Curtis J, Chen Y, Buck DJ, Davis RL.
Neurosci Lett. 2011 Aug 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21906657
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hydration and N-acetyl-l-cysteine alter the microstructure of human nail and bovine hoof: Implications for drug delivery.
Nogueiras-Nieto L, Gómez-Amoza JL, Delgado-Charro MB, Otero-Espinar FJ.
J Control Release. 2011 Aug 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21906642
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The value of ecologic studies: mercury concentration in ambient air and the risk of autism.
Blanchard KS, Palmer RF, Stein Z.
Rev Environ Health. 2011;26(2):111-8.
PMID:
21905454
[PubMed - in process]
Novel conductometric biosensor based on three-enzyme system for selective determination of heavy metal ions.
Soldatkin OO, Kucherenko IS, Pyeshkova VM, Kukla AL, Jaffrezic-Renault N, El'skaya AV, Dzyadevych SV, Soldatkin AP.
Bioelectrochemistry. 2011 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21903487
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
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