American Elements: Indium Antimony Sputtering Target Supplier & Tech Info

Indium Antimony Sputtering Target

High Purity In - Sb Sputtering Target
7440-74-6

Product	Product Code	Order or Specifications
(2N) 99% Indium Antimony Sputtering Target	IN-SB-02-ST
(2N5) 99.5% Indium Antimony Sputtering Target	IN-SB-025-ST
(3N) 99.9% Indium Antimony Sputtering Target	IN-SB-03-ST
(3N5) 99.95% Indium Antimony Sputtering Target	IN-SB-035-ST
(4N) 99.99% Indium Antimony Sputtering Target	IN-SB-04-ST
(5N) 99.999% Indium Antimony Sputtering Target	IN-SB-05-ST

American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopeia/British Pharmacopeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Indium Antimony Sputtering Targets with the highest possible density

High Purity (99.99%) Metallic Sputtering Target

and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Indium as disc, granules, ingot, pellets, pieces, powder, and rod. Other shapes are available by request.

Indium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Indium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹. In its elemental form indium's CAS number is 7440-74-6. The indium atom has a radius of 162.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 193.pm. Indium is only slightly toxic. Indium has found application in semi-conductor materials and other electronic applications. It is used to make low-melting alloys, such as an alloy of 24% indium - 76% Indium is liquid at room temperature. It is used in making bearing alloys, germanium transistors, rectifiers, and photoconductors. It can be plated onto metal and evaporated onto glass, forming a mirror as good as that made with silver but with more resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Indium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Indium is also used in various metal alloys (See AE Alloys). Indium was first discovered by Ferdinand Reich in 1863. See Indium research below.

Antimony is a Block P, Group 15, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Antimony's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p³. In its elemental form antimony's CAS number is 7440-36-0. The antimony atom has a radius of 145.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The chemical state of antimony affects the toxicity of the element and its compounds. Antimony is finding use in semiconductor technology for making infrared detectors, diodes and Hall-effect devices in crystalline structures, such as antimony telluride and gallium antimonide. Antimony is however a poor conductor of heat and electricity. It greatly increases the hardness and mechanical strength of lead. This has found applications in batteries, antifriction alloys, small arms and tracer bullets and cable sheathing. Antimony compounds are used in manufacturing flame-proofing compounds, paints, ceramic enamels, glass, and pottery glazes. Antimony is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Antimony research below.

Formula	CAS No.	Appearance	Molecular Weight	Density	Melting Point	Boiling Point
In	7440-74-6	Silvery	114.82	7310 kg/m³	156.6 °C	2072 °C

Submicron & Nanopowder

Rod, Plate, Powder, etc.

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PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES

Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.

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Recent Research & Development for Indium

Diastereoselective indium-mediated allylation of N-tert-butanesulfinyl ketimines: easy access to asymmetric quaternary stereocenters bearing nitrogen atoms. Sirvent JA, Foubelo F, Yus M. Chem Commun (Camb). 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22281839 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Focusing on Energy and Optoelectronic Applications: A Journey for Graphene and Graphene Oxide at Large Scale. Wan X, Huang Y, Chen Y. Acc Chem Res. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22280410 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Wheel-Shaped Indium-Telluride Nanocluster [In(18)Te(30)(dach)(6)](6-): Its Formation and Structure. Wang YH, Luo W, Jiang JB, Bian GQ, Zhu QY, Dai J. Inorg Chem. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22279965 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Distribution of Cell-Free and Cell-Associated HIV Surrogates in the Female Genital Tract After Simulated Vaginal Intercourse. Louissaint NA, Fuchs EJ, Bakshi RP, Nimmagadda S, Du Y, Macura KJ, King KE, Wahl R, Goldsmith AJ, Caffo B, Cao YJ, Anderson J, Hendrix CW. J Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22279121 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Visible to near-infrared light harvesting in Ag(2)S nanoparticles/ZnO nanowire array photoanodes. Wu JJ, Chang RC, Chen DW, Wu CT. Nanoscale. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22278401 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Enhancement of light extraction in GaN-based light-emitting diodes using rough beveled ZnO nanocone arrays. Yin Z, Liu X, Wu Y, Hao X, Xu X. Opt Express. 2012 Jan 16;20(2):1013-21. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.001013. PMID: 22274448 [PubMed - in process]
MgO nano-facet embedded silver-based dielectric/metal/dielectric transparent electrode. Kim S, Yu HK, Hong K, Kim K, Son JH, Lee I, Kim KB, Kim TY, Lee JL. Opt Express. 2012 Jan 16;20(2):845-53. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.000845. PMID: 22274430 [PubMed - in process]
Carrier dynamics in InN nanorod arrays. Ahn H, Yu CC, Yu P, Tang J, Hong YL, Gwo S. Opt Express. 2012 Jan 16;20(2):769-75. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.000769. PMID: 22274422 [PubMed - in process]
Coherent and directional emission at 1.55 µm from PbSe colloidal quantum dot electroluminescent device on silicon. Heo J, Jiang Z, Xu J, Bhattacharya P. Opt Express. 2011 Dec 19;19(27):26394-8. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.026394. PMID: 22274223 [PubMed - in process]
Transformation of Indium Nanoparticles to ß-Indium Sulfide: Digestive Ripening and Visible Light-Induced Photocatalytic Properties. Cingarapu S, Ikenbbery MA, Hamal DB, Sorensen CM, Hohn K, Klabunde KJ. Langmuir. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22272650 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tailoring 3D-Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Anchored to Indium Tin Oxide for Natural Cellular Uptake and Intracellular Sensing. Mendes PM, Rawson F, Jackson S, Yeung C. Nano Lett. 2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22268573 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Vaginal distribution and retention of a multiparticulate drug delivery system, assessed by gamma scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging. Mehta S, Verstraelen H, Peremans K, Villeirs G, Vermeire S, De Vos F, Mehuys E, Remon JP, Vervaet C. Int J Pharm. 2012 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22265911 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis and characterization of InNbO(4) nanopowder for gas sensors. Balamurugan C, Vijayakumar E, Subramania A. Talanta. 2012 Jan 15;88:115-20. Epub 2011 Nov 26. PMID: 22265476 [PubMed - in process]
Interfacial effects on the optical behavior of Ge:ITO and Ge:ZnO nanocomposite films. Shih GH, Allen CG, Potter BG Jr. Nanotechnology. 2012 Feb 24;23(7):075203. Epub 2012 Jan 20. PMID: 22261039 [PubMed - in process]
Synthesis of Indium Borate and Its Application in Photodegradation of 4-Chlorophenol. Yuan J, Wu Q, Zhang P, Yao J, He T, Cao Y. Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22260653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrochromic Properties of a Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Derived from Tetra(2-pyridyl-1,4-pyrazine) Ligands Integrated in Thin Multilayer Films. da Silva CA, Vidotti M, Fiorito PA, Cordoba De Torresi SI, Torresi RM, Alves WA. Langmuir. 2012 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22260213 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bis-(µ-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxyl-ato)bis-[aqua-(3-carb-oxy-pyridine-2-carboxyl-ato)indium(III)] tetra-hydrate. Eshtiagh-Hosseini H, Mirzaei M, Mousavinezhad A, Necas M, Mague JT. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2012 Jan 1;68(Pt 1):m71-2. Epub 2011 Dec 21. PMID: 22259367 [PubMed - in process]
Indium Tin Oxide devices for amperometric detection of vesicular release by single cells. Meunier A, Fulcrand R, Darchen F, Guille Collignon M, Lemaître F, Amatore C. Biophys Chem. 2011 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22257976 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A transparent µECoG array for simultaneous recording and optogenetic stimulation. Ledochowitsch P, Olivero E, Blanche T, Maharbiz MM. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011 Aug;2011:2937-40. PMID: 22254956 [PubMed - in process]
Flexible PET/ITO electrode array for implantable biomedical applications. Ahani A, Saadati-Fard L, Sodagar AM, Boroumad FA. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011 Aug;2011:2878-81. PMID: 22254942 [PubMed - in process]

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Recent Research & Development for Antimony

Synthesis of four different antimony(III) O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphates: Characterization by (31)P CP/MAS NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and adsorption at a stibnite surface (Sb(2)S(3)). Larsson AC, Ivanov MA, Gerasimenko AV, Ivanov AV. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22115160 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Sensing of Aqueous Fluoride Anions by Cationic Stibine-Palladium Complexes. Wade CR, Ke IS, Gabbaï FP. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Nov 24. doi: 10.1002/anie.201106242. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22113959 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrical characterization of n/p-type nickel silicide/silicon junctions by Sb segregation. Jun M, Park Y, Hyun Y, Choi SJ, Zyung T, Jang M. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Aug;11(8):7339-42. PMID: 22103191 [PubMed - in process]
Hydride generation in-atomizer collection atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of antimony in acetic acid leachates from pewter cups. Dessuy MB, Kratzer J, Vale MG, Welz B, Dedina J. Talanta. 2011 Dec 15;87:255-61. Epub 2011 Oct 17. PMID: 22099676 [PubMed - in process]
Electrical and optical performance of transparent conducting oxide films deposited by electrostatic spray assisted vapour deposition. Hou X, Choy KL, Liu JP. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Sep;11(9):8114-9. PMID: 22097539 [PubMed - in process]
Biomolecule-assisted green route to Sb2S3 crystals with three-dimensional dandelionlike patterns. Xiang W, Ji G, Wei J, Yang Y, Yuan H, Liu X. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Sep;11(9):7820-32. PMID: 22097493 [PubMed - in process]
Use of antimony in the treatment of leishmaniasis: current status and future directions. Haldar AK, Sen P, Roy S. Mol Biol Int. 2011;2011:571242. Epub 2011 Jun 8. PMID: 22091408 [PubMed - in process]
Comparison between one day and two days protocols for sentinel node mapping of breast cancer patients. Ali J, Alireza R, Mostafa M, Naser FM, Bahram M, Ramin S. Hell J Nucl Med. 2011 Sep;14(3):313-5. PMID: 22087458 [PubMed - in process]
Identification of Gunshot Residues in Fabric Targets Using Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Technique and Ternary Graphs* Freitas JC, Sarkis JE, Neto ON, Viebig SB. J Forensic Sci. 2011 Nov 10. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01956.x. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22074259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
MAP Kinase1 of Leishmania Donovani: Down Regulation Associates With Antimony Resistance in Field Isolates. Ashutosh, Garg M, Sundar S, Duncan R, Nakhasi HL, Goyal N. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Nov 7. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22064540 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Use of carbon nanotubes and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of very low amounts of arsenic and antimony in waters. López-García I, Rivas RE, Hernández-Córdoba M. Talanta. 2011 Oct 30;86:52-7. Epub 2011 Aug 27. PMID: 22063510 [PubMed - in process]
Frequency of use controls chemical leaching from drinking-water containers subject to disinfection. Andra SS, Makris KC, Shine JP. Water Res. 2011 Dec 15;45(20):6677-87. Epub 2011 Oct 12. PMID: 22040714 [PubMed - in process]
Antimony leaching from MSWI bottom ash: Modelling of the effect of pH and carbonation. Cornelis G, Gerven TV, Vandecasteele C. Waste Manag. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22035902 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Discovery of Safe and Orally Effective 4-Aminoquinaldine Analogues as Apoptotic Inducers with Activity against Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis. Palit P, Hazra A, Maity A, Vijayan RS, Manoharan P, Banerjee S, Mondal NB, Ghoshal N, Ali N. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22024817 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bone marrow leishmaniasis: a review of situation in Thailand. Wiwanitkit V. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011 Oct;4(10):757-9. PMID: 22014727 [PubMed - in process]
Spectroelectrochemistry of cytochrome c and azurin immobilized in nanoporous antimony-doped tin oxide. Kwan P, Schmitt D, Volosin AM, McIntosh CL, Seo DK, Jones AK. Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Dec 7;47(45):12367-9. Epub 2011 Oct 20. PMID: 22011849 [PubMed - in process]
Structural diversity for phosphine complexes of stibenium and stibinidenium cations. Chitnis SS, Peters B, Conrad E, Burford N, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ. Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Nov 8;47(45):12331-3. Epub 2011 Oct 20. PMID: 22011846 [PubMed - in process]
Pressure-induced disordered substitution alloy in sb(2)te(3). Zhao J, Liu H, Ehm L, Chen Z, Sinogeikin S, Zhao Y, Gu G. Inorg Chem. 2011 Nov 21;50(22):11291-3. Epub 2011 Oct 18. PMID: 22007692 [PubMed - in process]
Electrospun antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanofibers as a versatile conducting matrix. Ostermann R, Zieba R, Rudolph M, Schlettwein D, Smarsly BM. Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Nov 28;47(44):12119-21. Epub 2011 Oct 14. PMID: 22003493 [PubMed - in process]
Multi-metal(loid) methylation in methanoarchaea is linked to central intermediates of methanogenesis. Thomas F, Diaz-Bone RA, Wuerfel O, Huber B, Weidenbach K, Schmitz RA, Hensel R. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22003009 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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