Iridium Sulfate is a moderately water and acid soluble Iridium source for uses compatible with sulfates. Sulfate compounds are salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal. Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides which tend to be insoluble. Organometallic forms are soluble in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions. Metallic ions can also be dispersed utilizing suspended or coated nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and deposited utilizing sputtering targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar energy materials and fuel cells. Iridium Sulfate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Iridium is a Block D, Group 9, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Iridium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2. In its elemental form iridium's CAS number is 7439-88-5. The iridium atom has a radius of 135.7.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Iridium is only slightly toxic. Iridium is a member of the platinum group of metals. It is the most corrosion resistant metal known. It will not react with any acid and can only be attacked by certain molten salts, such as molten sodium chloride. It is alloyed with platinum to produce highly corrosive resistant electrical contacts for spark plugs. Iridium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Iridium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purityproperties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Iridium was first discovered by Smithson Tennant in 1804. See Iridium research below.
Sulfur is a Block P, Group 16, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sulfur's shells is 2, 8, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ne]3s2 3p4. In its elemental form sulfur's CAS number is 7704-34-9. The sulfur atom has a radius of 100pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180pm. Sulfur is a crucial element for all life and serves as both fuels and respiratory (oxygen-replacing) materials for simple organisms. In nature, sulfur can be found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and as galena, gypsum, Epsom salts, and barite. Sulfur, when organically bonded, is a component of all proteins, as the amino acids methionine and cysteine. In organic form, Sulfur is present in the vitamins thiamine and biotin. Sulfur is also a vital part of many enzymes and also in antioxidant molecules like glutathione and thioredoxin.Sulfur is available as compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Sulfur has been known since ancient times but was not accepted as an element until 1777. Antoine Lavoisier helped to convince the scientific commuity that sulfus is an element and not a compound. See Sulfur research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Iridium(iii) soft salts from dinuclear cationic and mononuclear anionic complexes for OLED devices.
Nasr G, Guerlin A, Dumur F, Beouch L, Dumas E, Clavier G, Miomandre F, Goubard F, Gigmes D, Bertin D, Wantz G, Mayer CR.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Sep 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21892484
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Excited-State Properties of Heteroleptic Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Extended Cores.
Spaenig F, Olivier JH, Prusakova V, Retailleau P, Ziessel R, Castellano FN.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21888383
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Theoretical Study of Absorption and Emission Properties of Green and Yellow Emitting Iridium (III) Complexes.
Kadari A, Moncomble A, Ciofini I, Brahimi M, Adamo C.
J Phys Chem A. 2011 Sep 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21888348
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recycle of electrolytically dissolved struvite as an alternative to enhance phosphate and nitrogen recovery from swine wastewater.
Liu Y, Kumar S, Kwag J, Kim J, Kim J, Ra C.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21885192
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Proline-Based P,O Ligand/Iridium Complexes as Highly Selective Catalysts: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Trisubstituted Alkenes.
Rageot D, Woodmansee DH, Pugin B, Pfaltz A.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Aug 31. doi: 10.1002/anie.201104105. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21882320
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Neutron activation analysis of a particle returned from asteroid Itokawa.
Ebihara M, Sekimoto S, Shirai N, Hamajima Y, Yamamoto M, Kumagai K, Oura Y, Ireland TR, Kitajima F, Nagao K, Nakamura T, Naraoka H, Noguchi T, Okazaki R, Tsuchiyama A, Uesugi M, Yurimoto H, Zolensky ME, Abe M, Fujimura A, Mukai T, Yada Y.
Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1119-21.
PMID:
21868669
[PubMed - in process]
Supported Molecular Iridium Catalysts: Resolving Effects of Metal Nuclearity and Supports as Ligands.
Lu J, Serna P, Aydin C, Browning ND, Gates BC.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21866969
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Inverse-planned gynecologic high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy: Clinical outcomes and dose-volume histogram analysis.
Thibault I, Lavallée MC, Aubin S, Laflamme N, Vigneault E.
Brachytherapy. 2011 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21862418
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Hermetic Wireless Subretinal Neurostimulator for Vision Prostheses.
Kelly SK, Shire DB, Chen J, Doyle P, Gingerich MD, Cogan SF, Drohan W, Behan S, Theogarajan L, Wyatt JL, Rizzo JF.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2011 Aug 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21859595
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
New investigations of technical rhodium and iridium catalysts in homogeneous phase employing para-hydrogen induced polarization.
Gutmann T, Ratajczyk T, Dillenberger S, Xu Y, Grünberg A, Breitzke H, Bommerich U, Trantzschel T, Bernarding J, Buntkowsky G.
Solid State Nucl Magn Reson. 2011 Aug 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21855300
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
New 2,3-disubstituted-5-hydroxyquinoxaline ligands and their coordination chemistry with cyclometallated iridium(iii): syntheses, structures and tunable electronic properties.
Hallett AJ, Kariuki BM, Pope SJ.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21853188
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
One-Pot Synthesis of Quinazolinones via Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfers.
Zhou J, Fang J.
J Org Chem. 2011 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21851120
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of a chloro protected iridium nitrido complex.
Sieh D, Schöffel J, Burger P.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21845255
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Enhancing and inhibiting effects of benzenediols on chemiluminescence of a novel cyclometallated iridium(III) complex.
Dong YP, Huang L, Tong BH, Shi MJ, Zhang WB, Zhang QF.
Luminescence. 2011 Aug 12. doi: 10.1002/bio.1343. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21842518
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Modular Approach to Aryl-C-ribonucleosides via the Allylic Substitution and Ring-Closing Metathesis Sequence. A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of All Four ?-/?- and d-/l-C-Nucleoside Stereoisomers.
S?tambasky? J, Kapras V, S?tefko M, Kysilka O, Hocek M, Malkov AV, Koc?ovsky? P.
J Org Chem. 2011 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21838284
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Luminescent Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Polypyridine Di-2-picolylamine Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysics, Electrochemistry, Cation Binding, Cellular Internalization, and Cytotoxic Activity.
Lee PK, Law WH, Liu HW, Lo KK.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):8570-9. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
PMID:
21834537
[PubMed - in process]
Computed Tomography-Guided Interstitial HDR Brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) of the Liver in Patients with Irresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.
Schnapauff D, Denecke T, Grieser C, Colletini F, Seehofer D, Sinn M, Banzer J, Lopez-Hänninen E, Hamm B, Wust P, Gebauer B.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2011 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21833806
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Iridium complexes bearing a PNP ligand, favoring facile C(sp(3))-H bond cleavage.
Lokare KS, Nielsen RJ, Yousufuddin M, Goddard Iii WA, Periana RA.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 28;40(36):9094-7. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
PMID:
21833386
[PubMed - in process]
Phosphorescent Binuclear Iridium Complexes Based on Terpyridine-Carboxylate: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Andreiadis ES, Imbert D, Pe?caut J, Calborean A, Ciofini I, Adamo C, Demadrille R, Mazzanti M.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):8197-8206. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
PMID:
21830754
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Photophysical and Analyte Sensing Properties of Cyclometalated Ir(III) Complexes.
Leavens BB, Trindle CO, Sabat M, Altun Z, Demas JN, Degraff BA.
J Fluoresc. 2011 Aug 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21830039
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Self-assembly of a sulphur-terminated graphene nanoribbon within a single-walled carbon nanotube.
Chuvilin A, Bichoutskaia E, Gimenez-Lopez MC, Chamberlain TW, Rance GA, Kuganathan N, Biskupek J, Kaiser U, Khlobystov AN.
Nat Mater. 2011 Aug 7. doi: 10.1038/nmat3082. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822259
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the yeast tRNA-thiouridine modification protein 1 (Tum1p).
Qiu R, Wang F, Liu M, Yang Z, Wu T, Ji C.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Aug 1;67(Pt 8):953-5. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
PMID:
21821903
[PubMed - in process]
Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis L-isoleucine dioxygenase toward the production of useful amino acids.
Hibi M, Kawashima T, Kodera T, Smirnov SV, Sokolov PM, Sugiyama M, Shimizu S, Yokozeki K, Ogawa J.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821743
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Characterization of the sulfurtransferase family from Oryza sativa L.
Guretzki S, Papenbrock J.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2011 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821426
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Development of a small-scale bioreactor method to monitor the molecular diversity and environmental impacts of bacterial biofilm communities from an acid mine drainage impacted creek.
Cole M, Wrubel J, Henegan P, Janzen C, Holt J, Tobin T.
J Microbiol Methods. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821067
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In situ incorporation of nickel nanoparticles into the mesopores of MCM-41 by manipulation of solvent-solute interaction and its activity toward adsorptive desulfurization of gas oil.
Samadi-Maybodi A, Teymouri M, Vahid A, Miranbeigi A.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jul 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820806
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase is an essential enzyme for the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei.
Alloatti A, Gupta S, Gualdrón-López M, Nguewa PA, Altabe SG, Deumer G, Wallemacq P, Michels PA, Uttaro AD.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820408
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The use of multi-element stable isotope analysis to monitor the origin of chondroitin sulfates.
Thomas F, Jamin E, Shimoo K, Nagao J, Osaki Y, Granier C.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Sep 15;25(17):2533-7. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5159.
PMID:
21818814
[PubMed - in process]
Sulphur isotopes in animal hair track distance to sea.
Zazzo A, Monahan FJ, Moloney AP, Green S, Schmidt O.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Sep 15;25(17):2371-8. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5131.
PMID:
21818798
[PubMed - in process]
Experimental and Theoretical Evidence of Aromatic Behavior in Heterobenzene-Like Molecules with Metal-Metal Multiple Bonds.
Fang W, He Q, Tan ZF, Liu CY, Lu X, Murillo CA.
Chemistry. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003693. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21818792
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodovulum phaeolacus sp. nov. a phototrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from a brown pond.
Venkata Naga Satya Lakshmi K, Sasikala C, Venkata Ramana V, Veera Venkata Ramaprasad E, Venkata Ramana C.
J Gen Appl Microbiol. 2011;57(3):145-51.
PMID:
21817826
[PubMed - in process]
Comparative data on effects of leading pretreatments and enzyme loadings and formulations on sugar yields from different switchgrass sources.
Wyman CE, Balan V, Dale BE, Elander RT, Falls M, Hames B, Holtzapple MT, Ladisch MR, Lee YY, Mosier N, Pallapolu VR, Shi J, Thomas SR, Warner RE.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Jun 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816612
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Target loads of atmospheric sulfur deposition for the protection and recovery of acid-sensitive streams in the Southern Blue Ridge Province.
Sullivan TJ, Cosby BJ, Jackson WA.
J Environ Manage. 2011 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816535
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Differential effects of a post-anthesis fertilizer regimen on the wheat flour proteome determined by quantitative 2-DE.
Altenbach SB, Tanaka CK, Hurkman WJ, Whitehand LC, Vensel WH, Dupont FM.
Proteome Sci. 2011 Aug 4;9(1):46. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816081
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparative toxicity of arsenic metabolites in human bladder cancer EJ-1 cells.
Naranmandura H, Michael CW, Xu S, Lee J, Leslie E, Weinfeld M, Le XC.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815631
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Effects of Different Garlic-derived Allyl Sulfides on Peroxidative Processes and Anaerobic Sulfur Metabolism in Mouse Liver.
Iciek MB, Kowalczyk-Pachel D, Kwiecien I, Dudek MB.
Phytother Res. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3572. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815229
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A combined model of hepatic polyamine and sulfur amino acid metabolism to analyze S-adenosyl methionine availability.
Reyes-Palomares A, Montañez R, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Medina MA.
Amino Acids. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814788
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Microbial gene functions enriched in the Deepwater Horizon deep-sea oil plume.
Lu Z, Deng Y, Van Nostrand JD, He Z, Voordeckers J, Zhou A, Lee YJ, Mason OU, Dubinsky EA, Chavarria KL, Tom LM, Fortney JL, Lamendella R, Jansson JK, D'haeseleer P, Hazen TC, Zhou J.
ISME J. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.91. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814288
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
1,1'-(3-Methyl-4-phenylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)diethanone as a Building Block in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Novel Synthesis of Some Pyrazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives.
Mabkhot YN, Al-Majid AM, Barakat A, Alshahrani S, Siddiqui Y.
Molecules. 2011 Aug 3;16(8):6502-11.
PMID:
21814162
[PubMed - in process]
Towards the Growth of an Aligned Single-Layer MoS2 Film.
Kim D, Sun D, Lu W, Cheng Z, Zhu Y, Le D, Rahman TS, Bartels L.
Langmuir. 2011 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21812475
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Iridium Sulfate is a moderately water and acid soluble Iridium source for uses compatible with sulfates. Sulfate compounds are salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal. Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides which tend to be insoluble. Organometallic forms are soluble in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions. Metallic ions can also be dispersed utilizing suspended or coated nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and deposited utilizing sputtering targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar energy materials and fuel cells. Iridium Sulfate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Iridium is a Block D, Group 9, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Iridium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2. In its elemental form iridium's CAS number is 7439-88-5. The iridium atom has a radius of 135.7.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Iridium is only slightly toxic. Iridium is a member of the platinum group of metals. It is the most corrosion resistant metal known. It will not react 
with any acid and can only be attacked by certain molten salts, such as molten sodium chloride. It is alloyed with platinum to produce highly corrosive resistant electrical 
contacts for spark plugs. Iridium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Iridium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Iridium was first discovered by Smithson Tennant in 1804. See Iridium research below.
Sulfur is a Block P, Group 16, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sulfur's shells is 2, 8, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ne]3s2 3p4. In its elemental form sulfur's CAS number is 7704-34-9. The sulfur atom has a radius of 100pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180pm. Sulfur is a crucial element for all life and serves as both fuels and respiratory (oxygen-replacing) materials for simple organisms. In nature, sulfur can be found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and as galena, gypsum, Epsom salts, and barite. Sulfur, when organically bonded, is a component of all proteins, as the amino acids methionine 
and cysteine. In organic form, Sulfur is present in the vitamins thiamine and biotin. Sulfur is also a vital part of many enzymes and also in antioxidant molecules like glutathione and thioredoxin.Sulfur is available as compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Sulfur has been known since ancient times but was not accepted as an element until 1777. Antoine Lavoisier helped to convince the scientific commuity that sulfus is an element and not a compound. See Sulfur research below.
