Lithium Tri-Oxorhodate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Lithium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 2 element. The number of electrons in each of Lithium's shells is 2, 1 and its electronic configuration is [He] 2s1. In its elemental form lithium's CAS number is 7439-93-2. The lithium atom has a radius of 152.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 182.pm. Lithium is toxic and corrosive. Lithium is a member of the alkali group of metals. It has the highest specific heat of any material and the highest electrochemical potential. This makes it important in applications involving heat transfer and as the anode in batteries. Lithium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Lithium is a dopant in advanced optical glass. It is used as an alloy in light weight metals. Lithium stearate is a common high temperature lubricant. Lithium was first discovered by Johann Arvedson in 1817. The origin of the name Lithium comes from the Greek word lithose which means "stone". See Lithium research below.
Rhodium is a Block D, Group 9, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d8 5s1. In its elemental form rhodium's CAS number is 7440-16-6. The rhodium atom has a radius of 134.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Rhodium is not toxic. Rhodium is a member of the platinum group of metals. It has a higher melting point than platinum, but a lower density.
It is alloyed with platinum and palladium in electrodes for spark plugs, advanced laboratory equipment and in thermocouples. Rhodium compounds also have catalytic uses in automotive catalytic converters. Rhodium is used as a plating metal in jewelry production to enhance the whiteness of white gold. Rhodium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Rhodium was first discovered by William Wollaston in 1803. The name Rhodium, originates from the Greek word 'Rhodon' which means rose. See Rhodium research below. |
Recent Research & Development for Lithium
- Functional polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene and response to lithium prophylaxis in bipolar patients.
Rybakowski JK, Skibinska M, Suwalska A, Leszczynska-Rodziewicz A, Kaczmarek L, Hauser J.
Hum Psychopharmacol. 2011 Mar 16. doi: 10.1002/hup.1182. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21437990
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Circumstantial evidence for a role of glutamine-synthetase in suicide.
Kalkman HO.
Med Hypotheses. 2011 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21435795
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Nutritional Limitation Sensitizes Mammalian Cells to GSK-3? Inhibitors and Leads to Growth Impairment.
de Candia P, Minopoli G, Verga V, Gargiulo A, Vanoni M, Alberghina L.
Am J Pathol. 2011 Apr;178(4):1814-23.
PMID:
21435461
[PubMed - in process]
- Preparation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Silicon Composites and Their Lithium Storage Properties.
Eom JY, Kwon HS.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 Mar 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21434613
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Raman and Photoluminescence Spectroscopic Detection of Surface-Bound Li(+) O(2) (-) Defect Sites in Li-Doped ZnO Nanocrystals Derived from Molecular Precursors.
Kirste R, Aksu Y, Wagner MR, Khachadorian S, Jana S, Driess M, Thomsen C, Hoffmann A.
Chemphyschem. 2011 Mar 23. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201000852. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21433242
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Half-zirconocene anilide complexes: synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties for ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with 1-hexene.
Liu K, Wu Q, Gao W, Mu Y.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21431112
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Specific Role of VTA Dopamine Neuronal Firing Rates and Morphology in the Reversal of Anxiety-Related, but not Depression-Related Behavior in the Clock?19 Mouse Model of Mania.
Coque L, Mukherjee S, Cao JL, Spencer S, Marvin M, Falcon E, Sidor MM, Birnbaum SG, Graham A, Neve RL, Gordon E, Ozburn AR, Goldberg MS, Han MH, Cooper DC, McClung CA.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011 Mar 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21430648
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Deconstructing Craving: Dissociable Cortical Control of Cue Reactivity in Nicotine Addiction.
Scott D, Hiroi N.
Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Mar 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21429478
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- [Effects of edravone on the expression of GRP78, Caspase-12, and neuron apoptosis in juvenile rat hippocampus after status convulsivus.]
Li GQ, Wang HP, Jiang CM.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2011 Jan;49(1):53-59. Chinese.
PMID:
21429313
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Interaction between LiH molecule and Li atom from state-of-the-art electronic structure calculations.
Skomorowski W, Pawlowski F, Korona T, Moszynski R, Z?uchowski PS, Hutson JM.
J Chem Phys. 2011 Mar 21;134(11):114109.
PMID:
21428609
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- [Effects of edravone on glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin-l? expression and neuronal apoptosis in juvenile rat hippocampus after status convulsion.]
Wang HP, Deng XL, Li GQ.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2011 Mar;13(3):231-235. Chinese.
PMID:
21426644
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Optimal frequency of lithium administration in the treatment of bipolar disorder: clinical and dosing considerations.
Malhi GS, Tanious M.
CNS Drugs. 2011 Apr 1;25(4):289-98. doi: 10.2165/11586970-000000000-00000.
PMID:
21425882
[PubMed - in process]
- Nanographene-Constructed Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Graphene Sheets by Chemical Vapor Deposition: High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Fan ZJ, Yan J, Wei T, Zhi LJ, Wei F.
ACS Nano. 2011 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21425865
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Tandem Insertion of Halocarbenoids and Lithium Acetylides into Zirconacycles: A Novel Rearrangement to Zirconium Alkenylidenates by ?-Addition to an Alkynyl Zirconocene.
Stec J, Thomas E, Dixon S, Whitby RJ.
Chemistry. 2011 Mar 21. doi: 10.1002/chem.201002962. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21425365
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- A novel mesoporous carbon-silica-titania nanocomposite as a high performance anode material in lithium ion batteries.
Zhou Y, Kim Y, Jo C, Lee J, Lee CW, Yoon S.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21424009
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Ultralarge single crystal SnS rectangular nanosheets.
Zhang Y, Lu J, Shen S, Xu H, Wang Q.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21423977
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Nuclear Scaffold Attachment Sites within ENCODE Regions Associate with Actively Transcribed Genes.
Keaton MA, Taylor CM, Layer RM, Dutta A.
PLoS One. 2011 Mar 14;6(3):e17912.
PMID:
21423757
[PubMed - in process]
- A genome-wide association study of attempted suicide.
Willour VL, Seifuddin F, Mahon PB, Jancic D, Pirooznia M, Steele J, Schweizer B, Goes FS, Mondimore FM, Mackinnon DF; The Bipolar Genome Study (BiGS) Consortium, Perlis RH, Lee PH, Huang J, Kelsoe JR, Shilling PD, Rietschel M, Nöthen M, Cichon S, Gurling H, Purcell S, Smoller JW, Craddock N, Depaulo JR Jr, Schulze TG, McMahon FJ, Zandi PP, Potash JB.
Mol Psychiatry. 2011 Mar 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21423239
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Three-dimensional bicontinuous ultrafast-charge and -discharge bulk battery electrodes.
Zhang H, Yu X, Braun PV.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2011 Mar 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21423184
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- [Lithium and artificial breastmilk; or is maternal breastfeeding better?]
Marín Gabriel MA, Olza Fernández I, Donoso E, Gutiérrez Cruz N.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2011 Mar 17. [Epub ahead of print] Spanish. No abstract available.
PMID:
21420368
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Recent Research & Development for Rhodium
- Preparation of Rhodium Nanoparticles in Carbon Dioxide Induced Ionic Liquids and their Application to Selective Hydrogenation.
Cimpeanu V, Kocevar M, Parvulescu VI, Leitner W.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2008 Dec 30. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID: 19116999 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Stereoselective Hydrogenation of Olefins Using Rhodium-Substituted Carbonic Anhydrase-A New Reductase.
Jing Q, Okrasa K, Kazlauskas RJ.
Chemistry. 2008 Dec 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19115310 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Chelation-Assisted Carbon-Halogen Bond Activation by a Rhodium(I) Complex.
Chen S, Li Y, Zhao J, Li X.
Inorg Chem. 2008 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19105736 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Catalytic Carbon-Carbon sigma Bond Activation: An Intramolecular Carbo-Acylation Reaction with Acylquinolines.
Dreis AM, Douglas CJ.
J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19105696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Cytotoxic Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) Polypyridyl Complexes: Structure-Activity Relationships, Antileukemic Activity, and Apoptosis Induction.
Dobroschke M, Geldmacher Y, Ott I, Harlos M, Kater L, Wagner L, Gust R, Sheldrick WS, Prokop A.
ChemMedChem. 2008 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19101960 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective [2+2+2] Cycloadditions for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryls.
Tanaka K.
Chem Asian J. 2008 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19101940 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Dendrimer-rhodium nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode for amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide.
Chandra S, Lokesh KS, Nicolai A, Lang H.
Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Jan 19;632(1):63-8. Epub 2008 Nov 5.
PMID: 19100883 [PubMed - in process]
- Rhodium-Catalyzed Direct Oxidative Carbonylation of Aromatic C-H Bond with CO and Alcohols.
Guan ZH, Ren ZH, Spinella SM, Yu S, Liang YM, Zhang X.
J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19099479 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Alkyl dehydrogenation in a Rh(i) complex via an isolated agostic intermediate.
Chaplin AB, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Sparkes HA, Howard JA, Macgregor SA, Weller AS.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2009 Jan 14;(2):244-6. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
PMID: 19099083 [PubMed - in process]
- Towards [Cp( *)Rh(bpy)(H(2)O)](2+)-promoted P450 catalysis: Direct regeneration of CytC.
Hollmann F, Schmid A.
J Inorg Biochem. 2008 Nov 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19087893 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Elevated metallothionein-bound cadmium concentrations in urine from bladder carcinoma patients, investigated by size exclusion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Wolf C, Strenziok R, Kyriakopoulos A.
Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Jan 12;631(2):218-22. Epub 2008 Nov 1.
PMID: 19084629 [PubMed - in process]
- Diastereoisomeric bisphosphite ligands in the hydroformylation of octenes: rhodium catalysis and HP-NMR investigations.
Selent D, Baumann W, Wiese KD, Börner A.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2008 Dec 14;(46):6203-5. Epub 2008 Oct 31.
PMID: 19082120 [PubMed - in process]
- Flexible scorpionates for transfer hydrogenation: the first example of their catalytic application.
Tsoureas N, Owen GR, Hamilton A, Orpen AG.
Dalton Trans. 2008 Nov 21;(43):6039-44. Epub 2008 Sep 23.
PMID: 19082061 [PubMed - in process]
- Diazaphospholidine terminated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes in the hydroformylation of vinyl acetate.
Vautravers NR, Cole-Hamilton DJ.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2009 Jan 7;(1):92-4. Epub 2008 Nov 21.
PMID: 19082009 [PubMed - in process]
- Stereoelectronic effects in a homologous series of bidentate cyclic phosphines. A clear correlation of hydroformylation catalyst activity with ring size.
Haddow MF, Middleton AJ, Orpen AG, Pringle PG, Papp R.
Dalton Trans. 2009 Jan 7;(1):202-9. Epub 2008 Nov 25.
PMID: 19081990 [PubMed - in process]
- A further discussion of the factors controlling the distribution of Pt, Pd, Rh and Au in road dust, gullies, road sweeper and gully flusher sediment in the city of Sheffield, UK.
Prichard HM, Sampson J, Jackson M.
Sci Total Environ. 2008 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19081605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Quality assurance of PASADENA hyperpolarization for (13)C biomolecules.
Hövener JB, Chekmenev EY, Harris KC, Perman WH, Tran TT, Ross BD, Bhattacharya P.
MAGMA. 2008 Dec 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19067009 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Single and Double C--Cl-Activation of Methylene Chloride by P,N-ligand Coordinated Rhodium Complexes.
Blank B, Glatz G, Kempe R.
Chem Asian J. 2008 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19065598 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Practical Method for Asymmetric Addition of Arylboronic Acids to alpha,beta-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds Utilizing an In Situ Prepared Rhodium Catalyst.
Lukin K, Zhang Q, Leanna MR.
J Org Chem. 2008 Dec 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19061408 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Selectivity control in enantioselective four-component reactions of aryl diazoacetates with alcohols, aldehydes and amines: an efficient approach to synthesizing chiral beta-amino-alpha-hydroxyesters.
Xu X, Zhou J, Yang L, Hu W.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2008 Dec 28;(48):6564-6. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
PMID: 19057780 [PubMed - in process]
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