Lawrencium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
 Lawrencium is a Block D, Group 3, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of Lawrencium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 3, (?) and its electronic configuration is [Rn] 5f14 6d1 7s2. In its elemental form lawrencium's CAS number is 22537-19-5. The lawrencium atom has a radius of -.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Lawrencium is radioactive and therefore considered toxic.
Lawrencium was discovered by Albert Ghiorso, Torbjorn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh and Robert M. Latimer in 1961.
Lawrencium was named after Earnest O. Lawrence the inventor of the cyclotron particle accelerator. Until 1963, the symbol for Lawrencium was Lw. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) changed the symbol from Lw to Lr in August, 1997.
 Lawrencium |
 Lawrencium |
 Laurenzio |
 Laurêncio |
 Laurencio |
 Lawrencium |
Lawrencium Safety Data. The safety data for lawrencium metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin. Lawrencium compounds have no biological role.
Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for lawrencium (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:
| 1st Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
| 2nd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
| 3rd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
Conductivity. As to lawrencium's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is - µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 1.3. The thermal conductivity of lawrencium is - W m-1 K-1.
Thermal Properties of Lawrencium. The melting point and boiling point for lawrencium are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.
| Heat of Fusion |
- kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Vaporization |
- kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Atomization |
308 kJ mol-1 |
Recent Research & Development for Lawrencium
Direct mapping of nuclear shell effects in the heaviest elements.
Minaya Ramirez E, Ackermann D, Blaum K, Block M, Droese C, Düllmann ChE, Dworschak M, Eibach M, Eliseev S, Haettner E, Herfurth F, Heßberger FP, Hofmann S, Ketelaer J, Marx G, Mazzocco M, Nesterenko D, Novikov YN, Plaß WR, Rodríguez D, Scheidenberger C, Schweikhard L, Thirolf PG, Weber C.
Science. 2012 Sep 7;337(6099):1207-10. Epub 2012 Aug 9.
PMID:
22878498
[PubMed]
Relativistic correlating basis sets for actinide atoms from 90Th to 103Lr.
Noro T, Sekiya M, Osanai Y, Koga T, Matsuyama H.
J Comput Chem. 2007 Dec;28(16):2511-6.
PMID:
17508413
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Density functional theory studies of actinide(III) motexafins (An-Motex2+, An = Ac, Cm, Lr). Structure, stability, and comparison with lanthanide(III) motexafins.
Cao X, Li Q, Moritz A, Xie Z, Dolg M, Chen X, Fang W.
Inorg Chem. 2006 Apr 17;45(8):3444-51.
PMID:
16602805
[PubMed]
Resonance transition energies and oscillator strengths in lutetium and lawrencium.
Zou Y, Fischer CF.
Phys Rev Lett. 2002 May 6;88(18):183001. Epub 2002 Apr 19.
PMID:
12005680
[PubMed]
Transition energies of ytterbium, lutetium, and lawrencium by the relativistic coupled-cluster method.
Eliav E, Kaldor U, Ishikawa Y.
Phys Rev A. 1995 Jul;52(1):291-296. No abstract available.
PMID:
9912247
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Relativistic and correlation effects in the ground state of atomic lawrencium.
Wijesundera WP, Vosko SH, Parpia FA.
Phys Rev A. 1995 Jan;51(1):278-282. No abstract available.
PMID:
9911583
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
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