Mercury Indium Selenium Granule is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Mercury is a Block D, Group 12, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Mercury's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2. In its elemental form mercury's CAS number is 7439-97-6. The mercury atom has a radius of 216.pm and
it's Van der Waals radius is 155.pm. Mercury is very toxic. Mercury has been known since ancient times. Mercury was named after the planet "Mercury". See Mercury research below.
Indium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Indium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1. In its elemental form indium's CAS number is 7440-74-6. The indium atom has a radius of 162.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 193.pm. Indium is only slightly toxic. Indium has found application in semi-conductor materials and other electronic applications. It is used to make low-melting alloys, such as an alloy of 24% indium - 76% Indium is liquid at room temperature. It is used in making bearing alloys, germanium transistors, rectifiers, and photoconductors. It can be plated onto metal and evaporated onto glass, forming a mirror as good as that made with silver but with more resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Indium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Indium is also used in various metal alloys (See AE Alloys). Indium was first discovered by Ferdinand Reich in 1863. See Indium research below.
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
Mercury Emission Factors from Intensive Shrimp Aquaculture and Their Relative Importance to the Jaguaribe River Estuary, NE Brazil.
Lacerda LD, Soares TM, Costa BG, Godoy MD.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21922284
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Seasonal Dynamics of Dissolved Metals in Surface Coastal Waters of Southwest India.
Udayakumar P, Chandran A, Jean Jose J, Rajesh BR, Narendra Babu K, Ouseph PP.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21922283
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Sensitive Detection of Elemental Mercury Vapor by Gold Nanoparticle Decorated Carbon Nanotube Sensors.
McNicholas TP, Zhao K, Yang C, Hernandez SC, Mulchandani A, Myung NV, Deshusses MA.
J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces. 2011 Jul 21;115(28):13927-13931.
PMID:
21922036
[PubMed]
The phytochelatin transporters AtABCC1 and AtABCC2 mediate tolerance to cadmium and mercury.
Park J, Song WY, Ko D, Eom Y, Hansen TH, Schiller M, Lee TG, Martinoia E, Lee Y.
Plant J. 2011 Sep 15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04789.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21919981
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury distribution and lipid oxidation in fish muscle: Effects of washing and isoelectric protein precipitation.
Gong Y, Krabbenhoft DP, Ren L, Egelandsdal B, Richards MP.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21919525
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Reliability of Measurement of Tissue Pressure in Compartment Syndrome.
Hammerberg EM, Whitesides TE Jr, Seiler JG 3rd.
J Orthop Trauma. 2011 Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21918480
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Clinical blood pressure measurement verification when comparing a Tensoval duo control device with a mercury sphygmomanometer in patients suffering from atrial fibrillation.
Farsky S, Benova K, Krausova D, Sirotiaková J, Vysocanova P.
Blood Press Monit. 2011 Oct;16(5):252-7.
PMID:
21914986
[PubMed - in process]
Assessment of Daily Intake of Toxic Elements Due to Consumption of Vegetables, Fruits, Meat, and Seafood by Inhabitants of Xiamen, China.
Chen C, Qian Y, Chen Q, Li C.
J Food Sci. 2011 Sep 13. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02341.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21913923
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bacterial mer operon-mediated detoxification of mercurial compounds: a short review.
Mathema VB, Thakuri BC, Sillanpää M.
Arch Microbiol. 2011 Sep 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21912976
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Heavy metal poisoning and cardiovascular disease.
Alissa EM, Ferns GA.
J Toxicol. 2011;2011:870125. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
PMID:
21912545
[PubMed - in process]
The first application of a new polysaccharide from Acanthophyllum bracteatum for the health improvement of Atlantic Salmon exposed to mercury chloride.
Jahanbin K, Hedayati A, Moini S, Gohari AR, Emam-Djomeh Z, Esposito A, Bagheri T.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Sep 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21911428
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Serum hormone and biochemical activity as biomarkers of mercury toxicity in the Yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus.
Hedayati A, Safahieh A.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Sep 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21911425
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Total mercury in canned yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares marketed in northwest Mexico.
Ruelas-Inzunza J, Patiño-Mejía C, Soto-Jiménez M, Barba-Quintero G, Spanopoulos-Hernández M.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Sep 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21911030
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury Export from the Yukon River Basin and Potential Response to a Changing Climate.
Schuster PF, Striegl RG, Aiken GR, Krabbenhoft DP, Dewild JF, Butler K, Kamark B, Dornblaser M.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Sep 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21910490
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury in the Great Lakes region: bioaccumulation, spatiotemporal patterns, ecological risks, and policy.
Evers DC, Wiener JG, Basu N, Bodaly RA, Morrison HA, Williams KA.
Ecotoxicology. 2011 Sep 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21909960
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Long-range effect of cyanide on mercury methylation in a gold mining area in southern Ecuador.
Guimaraes JR, Betancourt O, Miranda MR, Barriga R, Cueva E, Betancourt S.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21908015
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chronic inorganic mercury exposure induces sex-specific changes in central TNFa expression: Importance in autism?
Thomas Curtis J, Chen Y, Buck DJ, Davis RL.
Neurosci Lett. 2011 Aug 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21906657
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hydration and N-acetyl-l-cysteine alter the microstructure of human nail and bovine hoof: Implications for drug delivery.
Nogueiras-Nieto L, Gómez-Amoza JL, Delgado-Charro MB, Otero-Espinar FJ.
J Control Release. 2011 Aug 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21906642
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The value of ecologic studies: mercury concentration in ambient air and the risk of autism.
Blanchard KS, Palmer RF, Stein Z.
Rev Environ Health. 2011;26(2):111-8.
PMID:
21905454
[PubMed - in process]
Novel conductometric biosensor based on three-enzyme system for selective determination of heavy metal ions.
Soldatkin OO, Kucherenko IS, Pyeshkova VM, Kukla AL, Jaffrezic-Renault N, El'skaya AV, Dzyadevych SV, Soldatkin AP.
Bioelectrochemistry. 2011 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21903487
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Numerical investigation on the enhanced carrier collection efficiency of Ga-face GaN/InGaN?p-i-n solar cells with polarization compensation interlayers.
Chang JY, Liou BT, Lin HW, Shih YH, Chang SH, Kuo YK.
Opt Lett. 2011 Sep 1;36(17):3500-2. doi: 10.1364/OL.36.003500.
PMID:
21886257
[PubMed - in process]
Calcineurin inhibitor minimization using sirolimus leads to improved renal function in pediatric heart transplant recipients.
Chinnock TJ, Shankel T, Deming D, Cutler D, Sahney S, Fitts J, Chinnock RE.
Pediatr Transplant. 2011 Aug 23. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2011.01566.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21883751
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Measurement of Heterogeneous Reaction Rates: Three Strategies for Controlling Mass Transport and their Application to Indium Mediated Allylations.
Olson IA, Bacon WA, Baez Sosa YY, Delaney KM, Forte SA, Guglielmo MA, Hill AN, Kiesow KH, Langenbacher RE, Xun Y, Young RO, Bowyer WJ.
J Phys Chem A. 2011 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21882853
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
On the Formation Pathway of CuInSe2 Nanocrystals for Solar Cells.
Kar M, Agrawal R, Hillhouse HW.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21879767
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Self-Assembly and Orientation of Hydrogen-Bonded Oligothiophene Polymorphs at Liquid-Membrane-Liquid Interfaces.
Tevis ID, Palmer LC, Herman DJ, Murray IP, Stone DA, Stupp SI.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Aug 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21879723
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Zinc-Blende and Wurtzite Crystal Phase Mixing and Transition in Indium Phosphide Nanowires.
Ikejiri K, Kitauchi Y, Tomioka K, Motohisa J, Fukui T.
Nano Lett. 2011 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21875079
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Localized surface plasmon resonance interfaces coated with poly[3-(pyrrolyl)carboxylic acid] for histidine-tagged peptide sensing.
Tighilt FZ, Subramanian P, Belhaneche-Bensemra N, Boukherroub R, Gabouze N, Sam S, Szunerits S.
Analyst. 2011 Aug 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21874203
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Indium determination using slotted quartz tube-atom trap-flame atomic absorption spectrometry and interference studies.
Arslan Y, Kendüzler E, Ataman OY.
Talanta. 2011 Sep 30;85(4):1786-91. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
PMID:
21872020
[PubMed - in process]
A label-free immunosensor based on modified mesoporous silica for simultaneous determination of tumor markers.
Lin J, Wei Z, Mao C.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Jul 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21871790
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In Situ metal tip sharpening of scanning probe microscopes.
Yang W, Zhang H, Kim C, Butta N, Liang H, Hemmer PR.
Scanning. 2011 Aug 22. doi: 10.1002/sca.20270. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21866556
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Indium sulfide clusters integrated with 2,2'-bipyridine complexes.
Zhang YP, Zhang X, Mu WQ, Luo W, Bian GQ, Zhu QY, Dai J.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21866282
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electronic structure and trilayer growth of indium films on Si(111): a photoemission study.
Liu Y, Miller T, Chiang TC.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Sep 14;23(36):365302. Epub 2011 Aug 25.
PMID:
21865634
[PubMed - in process]
Characterizing the Molecular Order of Phosphonic Acid Self-assembled Monolayers on Indium Tin Oxide Surfaces.
Losego MD, Guske J, Efremenko A, Maria JP, Franzen S.
Langmuir. 2011 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21863828
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Preparation and Characterization of Mono and Multilayer Films of Polymerizable 1,2 Polybutadiene Using the Langmuir-Blodgett Technique.
Hitrik M, Gutkin V, Lev O, Mandler D.
Langmuir. 2011 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21863826
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Dynamically Modulating the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals.
Garcia G, Buonsanti R, Runnerstrom EL, Mendelsberg RJ, Llordes A, Anders A, Richardson TJ, Milliron DJ.
Nano Lett. 2011 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21859093
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Growth of CuInSe(2) and In(2)Se(3)/CuInSe(2) Nano-Heterostructures through Solid State Reactions.
Hsin CL, Lee WF, Huang CT, Huang CW, Wu WW, Chen LJ.
Nano Lett. 2011 Aug 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21859092
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Detection of Surface Antigens on Living Cells through Incorporation of Immunorecognition into the Distinct Positioning of Cells with Positive and Negative Dielectrophoresis.
Hatanaka H, Yasukawa T, Mizutani F.
Anal Chem. 2011 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21853980
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Development and application of an electrochemiluminescent flow-injection cell based on CdTe quantum dots modified electrode for high sensitive determination of dopamine.
Jinjin Z, Ming C, Caixia Y, Yifeng T.
Analyst. 2011 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21853173
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electron beam synthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles using metal-organic frameworks as ordered precursors.
Jacobs BW, Houk RJ, Wong BM, Talin AA, Allendorf MD.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Sep 16;22(37):375601. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
PMID:
21852720
[PubMed - in process]
III-Nitride grating grown on freestanding HfO2 gratings.
Wang Y, Wu T, Hu F, Kanamori Y, Zhu H, Hane K.
Nanoscale Res Lett. 2011 Aug 18;6(1):497.
PMID:
21849084
[PubMed - in process]
Recent Research & Development for Selenium
Selenoprotein K binds multi-protein complexes and is involved in the regulation of ER homeostasis.
Shchedrina VA, Everley RA, Zhang Y, Gygi SP, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN.
J Biol Chem. 2011 Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22016385
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Catalytic activity of selenomethionine in removing amino acid, peptide, and protein hydroperoxides.
Suryo Rahmanto A, Davies MJ.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2011 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22015433
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Combination of chemometrically assisted voltammetry, calorimetry, and circular dichroism as a new method for the study of bioinorganic substances: application to selenocystine metal complexes.
Gusmão R, Prohens R, Díaz-Cruz JM, Ariño C, Esteban M.
J Biol Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22015398
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Marine and farmed fish on the Polish market: Comparison of the nutritive value and human exposure to PCDD/Fs and other contaminants.
Szlinder-Richert J, Usydus Z, Malesa-Ciecwierz M, Polak-Juszczak L, Ruczynska W.
Chemosphere. 2011 Oct 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22014661
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Dietary selenium reduces retention of methyl mercury in freshwater fish.
Bjerregaard P, Fjordside S, Hansen MG, Petrova MB.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22014184
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Plant and fungal food components with potential activity on the development of microbial oral diseases.
Daglia M, Papetti A, Mascherpa D, Grisoli P, Giusto G, Lingström P, Pratten J, Signoretto C, Spratt DA, Wilson M, Zaura E, Gazzani G.
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2011;2011:274578. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
PMID:
22013381
[PubMed - in process]
Selenium, selenoproteins and the thyroid gland: interactions in health and disease.
Schomburg L.
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2011 Oct 18. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2011.174. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22009156
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selenium inhibits migration of murine melanoma cells via down-modulation of IL-18 expression.
Song H, Kim J, Lee HK, Park HJ, Nam J, Park GB, Kim YS, Cho D, Hur DY.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2011 Oct 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22008306
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Detection, Identification, and Quantification of Selenoproteins in a Candidate Human Plasma Standard Reference Material.
Ballihaut G, Kilpatrick LE, Davis WC.
Anal Chem. 2011 Oct 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22007999
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Severe pre-eclampsia is associated with abnormal trace elements concentrations in maternal and fetal blood.
Katz O, Paz-Tal O, Lazer T, Aricha-Tamir B, Mazor M, Wiznitzer A, Sheiner E.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011 Oct 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22007865
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effects of Selenium Supplements on Cancer Prevention: Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Lee EH, Myung SK, Jeon YJ, Kim Y, Chang YJ, Ju W, Seo HG, Huh BY.
Nutr Cancer. 2011 Oct 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22004275
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Study of the correlation of serum selenium level with Behcet's disease.
Esalatmanesh K, Jamshidi A, Shahram F, Davatchi F, Masoud SA, Soleimani Z, Salesi M, Ghaffarpasand I.
Int J Rheum Dis. 2011 Oct;14(4):375-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-185X.2011.01649.x. Epub 2011 Sep 5.
PMID:
22004235
[PubMed - in process]
Multi-metal(loid) methylation in methanoarchaea is linked to central intermediates of methanogenesis.
Thomas F, Diaz-Bone RA, Wuerfel O, Huber B, Weidenbach K, Schmitz RA, Hensel R.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22003009
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Effects of Di(2-Ethylhexyl)Phthalate Exposure and Selenium Nutrition on Sertoli Cell Vimentin Structure and Germ-Cell Apoptosis in Rat Testis.
Erkekoglu P, Zeybek ND, Giray B, Asan E, Hincal F.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Oct 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22002783
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A superoxide anion-scavenger, 1,3-selenazolidin-4-one suppresses serum deprivation-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells by activating MAP kinase.
Nishina A, Kimura H, Kozawa K, Sommen G, Nakamura T, Heimgartner H, Koketsu M, Furukawa S.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Oct 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22001386
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Nutrition, dietary supplements and adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Schultz C, Meier M, Schmid HP.
Maturitas. 2011 Oct 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22001108
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Interactions of Cu(I) with Selenium-Containing Amino Acids Determined by NMR, XAS, and DFT Studies.
Wang HC, Riahi M, Pothen J, Bayse CA, Riggs-Gelasco P, Brumaghim JL.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21999616
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effects of Basal Media and Supplements on Diethylstilbestrol-Treated Immature Mouse Primary Granulosa Cell Growth and Regulation of Steroidogenesis In Vitro.
Ding T, Luo A, Yang S, Lai Z, Wang Y, Shen W, Jiang J, Lu Y, Ma D, Wang S.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2011 Oct 15. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01879.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21999365
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Demographic and lifestyle factors and selenium levels in men and women in the U.S.
Park K, Rimm E, Siscovick D, Spiegelman D, Morris JS, Mozaffarian D.
Nutr Res Pract. 2011 Aug;5(4):357-64. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
PMID:
21994531
[PubMed - in process]
New group 11 complexes with metal-selenium bonds of methyldiphenylphosphane selenide: a solid state, solution and theoretical investigation.
Pop A, Silvestru A, Gimeno MC, Laguna A, Kulcsar M, Arca M, Lippolis V, Pintus A.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Oct 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21993712
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Proud sponsors of Aeromat 2012. Please join us and our customers & co-sponsors Boeing and ATI on
June 18-20, 2012
in Charlotte, North Carolina
elemental form mercury's CAS number is 7439-97-6. The mercury atom has a radius of 216.pm and
it's Van der Waals radius is 155.pm. Mercury is very toxic. Mercury has been known since ancient times. Mercury was named after the planet "Mercury". See Mercury research below.
Indium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Indium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1. In its elemental form indium's CAS number is 7440-74-6. The indium atom has a radius of 162.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 193.pm. Indium is only slightly toxic. Indium has found application in semi-conductor materials and other electronic applications. 
It is used to make low-melting alloys, such as an alloy of 24% indium - 76% Indium is liquid at room temperature. It is used in making bearing alloys, germanium transistors, rectifiers, and photoconductors. It can be plated onto metal and 
evaporated onto glass, forming a mirror as good as that made with silver but with more resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Indium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Indium is also used in various metal alloys (See AE Alloys). Indium was first discovered by Ferdinand Reich in 1863. See Indium research below.
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide 
is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as 
well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
