Sodium Tungsten Oxide Dihydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Sodium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is 2, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s1. In its elemental form sodium's CAS number is 7440-23-5. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8.pm and it's Van der Waalsradius is 227.pm. Sodium is not toxic but skin contact may cause irritation and burns. Sodium is primarily used in its metallic form in the production of chemical esters and in the manufacturing of various other organic compounds. The metal is used in the alloy of tin, nickel and copper for its structural characteristics. Sodium is availableas metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. High purity sodium compounds are used as reducing agents. Sodium compounds are used in low tech applications throughout industry. Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The name Sodium comes from the Latin word "natrium" which means sodium carbonate. See Sodium research below.
Tungsten is a Block D, Group 6, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Tungsten's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2. In its elemental form tungsten's CAS number is 7440-33-7. The tungsten atom has a radius of 137.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Tungsten is considered to be only mildly toxic. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the metallic elements and because of this has its first significant commercial application as the filament in incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent light bulbs. Tungsten is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Later it was used in the first television tubes. The first imaging equipment involved X-ray bombardment of a tungsten target. Tungsten expands at nearly the same rate as borosilicate glass and is used to make metal to glass seals. It is the primary metal in heating elements for electric furnaces and in any components where high pressure/temperature environments are expected, such as aerospace and engine systems. Tungsten was first discovered by Fausto and Juan Jose de Elhuyar in 1783. In reference to its density, Tungsten gets its name from the swedish words tung and sten meaning heavy stone. See Tungsten research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Evaluation of analgesic efficacy of bromfenac sodium ophthalmic solution 0.09% versus ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.5% following LASEK or Epi-LASIK.
Wang XJ, Wong SH, Givergis R, Chynn EW.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1451-7. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
PMID:
22034570
[PubMed - in process]
Risk of Poor Outcomes with Novel and Traditional Biomarkers at Clinical AKI Diagnosis.
Hall IE, Coca SG, Perazella MA, Eko UU, Luciano RL, Peter PR, Han WK, Parikh CR.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22034509
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of homogeneous ultralow molecular weight heparins.
Xu Y, Masuko S, Takieddin M, Xu H, Liu R, Jing J, Mousa SA, Linhardt RJ, Liu J.
Science. 2011 Oct 28;334(6055):498-501.
PMID:
22034431
[PubMed - in process]
Association between the lack of teeth and the expression of myosins in masticatory muscles of microphthalmic mouse.
Nariyama M, Kota Y, Kaneko S, Asada Y, Yamane A.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1002/cbf.1821. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22034127
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Serum Calcium Concentration Affects Signal Changes on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy.
Koh E, Tsai LK, Hong CT.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033722
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Severe case and literature review of primary erythromelalgia: Novel SCN9A gene mutation.
Skeik N, Rooke TW, Davis MD, Davis DM, Kalsi H, Kurth I, Richardson RC.
Vasc Med. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033523
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selenium homeostasis and induction of thioredoxin reductase during long term selenite supplementation in the rat.
Erkhembayar S, Mollbrink A, Eriksson M, Larsen EH, Eriksson LC.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033016
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The effect of hydroxyapatite presence on the degree of conversion and polymerization rate in a model self-etching adhesive.
Zhang Y, Wang Y.
Dent Mater. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032933
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Relationship between sodium intake and sleep apnea in patients with heart failure.
Kasai T, Arcand J, Allard JP, Mak S, Azevedo ER, Newton GE, Bradley TD.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Nov 1;58(19):1970-4.
PMID:
22032708
[PubMed - in process]
Transcription of detoxification genes after permethrin selection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
Saavedra-Rodriguez K, Suarez AF, Salas IF, Strode C, Ranson H, Hemingway J, Black Iv WC.
Insect Mol Biol. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01113.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032702
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Reactive Aldehyde Metabolites from the Anti-HIV Drug Abacavir: Amino Acid Adducts as Possible Factors in Abacavir Toxicity.
Charneira C, Godinho AL, Oliveira MC, Pereira SA, Monteiro EC, Marques MM, Antunes AM.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032494
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The effectiveness of intensive nursing care on seasonal variation of blood pressure in patients on peritoneal dialysis.
Quan L, Dong J, Li Y, Zuo L.
J Adv Nurs. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05833.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032423
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Short communication: Addition of varying amounts of sodium bicarbonate to colostrum replacer: Effects on immunoglobulin G absorption and serum bicarbonate in neonatal calves.
Cabral RG, Chapman CE, Haines DM, Brito AF, Erickson PS.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5656-60.
PMID:
22032388
[PubMed - in process]
Plasma potassium-lowering effect of oral glucose, sodium bicarbonate, and the combination thereof in healthy neonatal dairy calves.
Grünberg W, Hartmann H, Burfeind O, Heuwieser W, Staufenbiel R.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5646-55.
PMID:
22032387
[PubMed - in process]
Effect of method of delivery of sodium butyrate on rumen development in newborn calves.
Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Pietrzak P, Kotunia A, Jagusiak W, Holst JJ, Guilloteau P, Zabielski R.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5578-88.
PMID:
22032381
[PubMed - in process]
Effects of partially replacing skimmed milk powder with dairy ingredients on rheology, sensory profiling, and microstructure of probiotic stirred-type yogurt during cold storage.
Marafon AP, Sumi A, Granato D, Alcântara MR, Tamime AY, Nogueira de Oliveira M.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5330-40.
PMID:
22032355
[PubMed - in process]
Bio-based nanocomposite coating to preserve quality of Fior di latte cheese.
Gammariello D, Conte A, Buonocore GG, Del Nobile MA.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5298-304.
PMID:
22032352
[PubMed - in process]
Sodium alginate as an ideal submucosal injection material for endoscopic submucosal resection: preliminary experimental and clinical study.
Akagi T, Yasuda K, Tajima M, Suzuki K, Inomata M, Shiraishi N, Sato Y, Kitano S.
Gastrointest Endosc. 2011 Nov;74(5):1026-32.
PMID:
22032316
[PubMed - in process]
An Observational Prospective Study of Topical Acidified Nitrite for Killing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Contaminated Wounds.
Ormerod AD, Shah AA, Li H, Benjamin NB, Ferguson GP, Leifert C.
BMC Res Notes. 2011 Oct 27;4(1):458. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032298
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Determination of three sweeteners in vinegars by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry].
Yin F, Ding Z, Cao X, Gao J, Jiang D, Kuang D, Gu Y, He G.
Se Pu. 2011 Jun;29(6):554-7. Chinese.
PMID:
22032168
[PubMed - in process]
Gas nanosensor design packages based on tungsten oxide: mesocages, hollow spheres, and nanowires.
Hoa ND, El-Safty SA.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Dec 2;22(48):485503. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID:
22071572
[PubMed - in process]
Experimental hypothyroidism delays fEPSPs and disrupts hippocampal long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation and Y-maze performance in adult rats.
Seda Artis A, Bitiktas S, Taskin E, Dolu N, Liman N, Suer C.
J Neuroendocrinol. 2011 Nov 9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02253.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22070634
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Glycolaldehyde as a Probe Molecule for Biomass-derivatives: Reaction of C-OH and C=O Functional Groups on Monolayer Ni Surfaces.
Yu W, Barteau MA, Chen JG.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22066750
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Carbon nanotube composite coating of neural microelectrodes preferentially improves the multiunit signal-to-noise ratio.
Baranauskas G, Maggiolini E, Castagnola E, Ansaldo A, Mazzoni A, Angotzi GN, Vato A, Ricci D, Panzeri S, Fadiga L.
J Neural Eng. 2011 Nov 8;8(6):066013. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22064890
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Use of carbon nanotubes and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of very low amounts of arsenic and antimony in waters.
López-García I, Rivas RE, Hernández-Córdoba M.
Talanta. 2011 Oct 30;86:52-7. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
PMID:
22063510
[PubMed - in process]
Mechanism of W(CO)(6) sonolysis in diphenylmethane.
Cau C, Nikitenko SI.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2011 Oct 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22054911
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of macrocyclic natural products by catalyst-controlled stereoselective ring-closing metathesis.
Yu M, Wang C, Kyle AF, Jakubec P, Dixon DJ, Schrock RR, Hoveyda AH.
Nature. 2011 Nov 2;479(7371):88-93. doi: 10.1038/nature10563.
PMID:
22051677
[PubMed - in process]
Combinatorial atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposi-tion (cAPCVD); a route to functional property optimization.
Kafizas A, Parkin IP.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22050427
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparative evaluation of marginal adaptation between nanocomposites and microhybrid composites exposed to two light cure units.
Sharma RD, Sharma J, Rani A.
Indian J Dent Res. 2011 May;22(3):495.
PMID:
22048600
[PubMed - in process]
Comparison of secondary neutron dose in proton therapy resulting from the use of a tungsten alloy MLC or a brass collimator system.
Diffenderfer ES, Ainsley CG, Kirk ML, McDonough JE, Maughan RL.
Med Phys. 2011 Nov;38(11):6248.
PMID:
22047390
[PubMed - in process]
Vector potential photoelectron microscopy.
Browning R.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Oct;82(10):103703.
PMID:
22047299
[PubMed - in process]
Structural Effects Behind the Low Temperature Nonconventional Relaxor Behavior of the Sr(2)NaNb(5)O(15) Bronze.
Torres-Pardo A, Jiménez R, González-Calbet JM, García-González E.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22035503
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Accelerated electron beam induced breakdown of commercial WO(3) into nanorods in the presence of triethylamine.
Dawson G, Zhou W, Blackley R.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22030615
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Multilayer chitosan-based open tubular capillary anion exchange column with integrated monolithic capillary suppressor.
Huang X, Foss FW Jr, Dasgupta PK.
Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Nov 30;707(1-2):210-7. Epub 2011 Sep 24.
PMID:
22027141
[PubMed - in process]
Multispectral near-IR reflectance and transillumination imaging of teeth.
Chung S, Fried D, Staninec M, Darling CL.
Biomed Opt Express. 2011 Oct 1;2(10):2804-14. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
PMID:
22025986
[PubMed]
Efficient Heterogeneous Epoxidation of Alkenes by a Supported Tungsten Oxide Catalyst.
Kamata K, Yonehara K, Sumida Y, Hirata K, Nojima S, Mizuno N.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 25. doi: 10.1002/anie.201106064. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
22025368
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Structural transformation of tungsten oxide nanourchins into IF-WS(2) nanoparticles: an aberration corrected STEM study.
Leonard-Deepak F, Castro-Guerrero CF, Mejía-Rosales S, José-Yacamán M.
Nanoscale. 2011 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22025289
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Academic aspects of lunar water resources and their relevance to lunar protolife.
Green J.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(9):6051-76. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
PMID:
22016644
[PubMed - in process]
Evaluation of ocular hazards from 4 types of curing lights.
Labrie D, Moe J, Price RB, Young ME, Felix CM.
J Can Dent Assoc. 2011 Oct;77:b116.
PMID:
22014874
[PubMed - in process]
Sodium Tungsten Oxide Dihydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Sodium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is 2, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s1. In its elemental form sodium's CAS number is 7440-23-5. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8.pm and it's Van der Waalsradius is 227.pm. Sodium is not toxic but skin contact may cause irritation and burns. Sodium is primarily used in its metallic form in the production of 
chemical esters and in the manufacturing of various other organic compounds. The metal is used in the alloy of tin, nickel and copper for its structural characteristics. Sodium is availableas metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. High purity sodium compounds are used as reducing agents. Sodium compounds are used in low tech applications throughout industry. Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The name Sodium comes from the Latin word "natrium" which means sodium carbonate. See Sodium research below. 
Tungsten is a Block D, Group 6, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Tungsten's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2. In its elemental form tungsten's CAS number is 7440-33-7. The tungsten atom has a radius of 137.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Tungsten is considered to be only mildly toxic. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all the metallic elements and because of this has its first significant commercial application as the filament in incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent light bulbs. Tungsten is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and 
compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Later it was used in the first television tubes. The first imaging equipment involved X-ray bombardment of a 
tungsten target. Tungsten expands at nearly the same rate as borosilicate glass and is used to make metal to glass seals. It is the primary metal in heating elements for electric furnaces and in any components where high pressure/temperature environments are expected, such as aerospace and engine systems. Tungsten was first discovered by Fausto and Juan Jose de Elhuyar in 1783. In reference to its density, Tungsten gets its name from the swedish words tung and sten meaning heavy stone. See Tungsten research below.
