Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Sodium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is 2, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s1. In its elemental form sodium's CAS number is 7440-23-5. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8.pm and it's Van der Waalsradius is 227.pm. Sodium is not toxic but skin contact may cause irritation and burns. Sodium is primarily used in its metallic form in the production of chemical esters and in the manufacturing of various other organic compounds. The metal is used in the alloy of tin, nickel and copper for its structural characteristics. Sodium is availableas metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. High purity sodium compounds are used as reducing agents. Sodium compounds are used in low tech applications throughout industry. Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The name Sodium comes from the Latin word "natrium" which means sodium carbonate. See Sodium research below.
Boron is a Block P, Group 13, Period 2 element. The number of electrons in each of Boron's shells is 2, 3 and its electronic configuration is [He] 2s2 2p1. In its elemental form boron's CAS number is 7440-42-8. The boron atom has a radius of 79.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Boron is not toxic. Boron has an energy band gap of 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of either silicon or germanium. Optical characteristics include transmitting portions of the infrared. Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at room temperature but a good conductor at high temperature. Boron in its elemental form is not toxic. Amorphous boron is used in pyrotechnic flares to provide a distinctive green color, and in rockets as an igniter Boric acid is also an important boron compound with major markets in textile products. Boron compounds are also extensively used in the manufacture of borosilicate glasses. The isotope Boron-10 is used as a control for nuclear reactors, as a shield for nuclear radiation, and in instruments used for detecting neutrons. Boron nitride has remarkable properties and can be used to make a material as hard as diamond. The nitride also behaves like an electrical insulator but conducts heat like a metal. Boron also has lubricating properties similar to graphite. Boron was first discovered by Sir Humphry Davy and J.L Gay-Lussac in 1808. The name Boron originates from a combination of carbon and the Arabic word 'buraqu meaning borax. See Boron research below.
Evaluation of analgesic efficacy of bromfenac sodium ophthalmic solution 0.09% versus ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.5% following LASEK or Epi-LASIK.
Wang XJ, Wong SH, Givergis R, Chynn EW.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1451-7. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
PMID:
22034570
[PubMed - in process]
Risk of Poor Outcomes with Novel and Traditional Biomarkers at Clinical AKI Diagnosis.
Hall IE, Coca SG, Perazella MA, Eko UU, Luciano RL, Peter PR, Han WK, Parikh CR.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22034509
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of homogeneous ultralow molecular weight heparins.
Xu Y, Masuko S, Takieddin M, Xu H, Liu R, Jing J, Mousa SA, Linhardt RJ, Liu J.
Science. 2011 Oct 28;334(6055):498-501.
PMID:
22034431
[PubMed - in process]
Association between the lack of teeth and the expression of myosins in masticatory muscles of microphthalmic mouse.
Nariyama M, Kota Y, Kaneko S, Asada Y, Yamane A.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1002/cbf.1821. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22034127
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Serum Calcium Concentration Affects Signal Changes on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy.
Koh E, Tsai LK, Hong CT.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033722
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Severe case and literature review of primary erythromelalgia: Novel SCN9A gene mutation.
Skeik N, Rooke TW, Davis MD, Davis DM, Kalsi H, Kurth I, Richardson RC.
Vasc Med. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033523
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selenium homeostasis and induction of thioredoxin reductase during long term selenite supplementation in the rat.
Erkhembayar S, Mollbrink A, Eriksson M, Larsen EH, Eriksson LC.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033016
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The effect of hydroxyapatite presence on the degree of conversion and polymerization rate in a model self-etching adhesive.
Zhang Y, Wang Y.
Dent Mater. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032933
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Relationship between sodium intake and sleep apnea in patients with heart failure.
Kasai T, Arcand J, Allard JP, Mak S, Azevedo ER, Newton GE, Bradley TD.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Nov 1;58(19):1970-4.
PMID:
22032708
[PubMed - in process]
Transcription of detoxification genes after permethrin selection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
Saavedra-Rodriguez K, Suarez AF, Salas IF, Strode C, Ranson H, Hemingway J, Black Iv WC.
Insect Mol Biol. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01113.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032702
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Reactive Aldehyde Metabolites from the Anti-HIV Drug Abacavir: Amino Acid Adducts as Possible Factors in Abacavir Toxicity.
Charneira C, Godinho AL, Oliveira MC, Pereira SA, Monteiro EC, Marques MM, Antunes AM.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032494
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The effectiveness of intensive nursing care on seasonal variation of blood pressure in patients on peritoneal dialysis.
Quan L, Dong J, Li Y, Zuo L.
J Adv Nurs. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05833.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032423
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Short communication: Addition of varying amounts of sodium bicarbonate to colostrum replacer: Effects on immunoglobulin G absorption and serum bicarbonate in neonatal calves.
Cabral RG, Chapman CE, Haines DM, Brito AF, Erickson PS.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5656-60.
PMID:
22032388
[PubMed - in process]
Plasma potassium-lowering effect of oral glucose, sodium bicarbonate, and the combination thereof in healthy neonatal dairy calves.
Grünberg W, Hartmann H, Burfeind O, Heuwieser W, Staufenbiel R.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5646-55.
PMID:
22032387
[PubMed - in process]
Effect of method of delivery of sodium butyrate on rumen development in newborn calves.
Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Pietrzak P, Kotunia A, Jagusiak W, Holst JJ, Guilloteau P, Zabielski R.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5578-88.
PMID:
22032381
[PubMed - in process]
Effects of partially replacing skimmed milk powder with dairy ingredients on rheology, sensory profiling, and microstructure of probiotic stirred-type yogurt during cold storage.
Marafon AP, Sumi A, Granato D, Alcântara MR, Tamime AY, Nogueira de Oliveira M.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5330-40.
PMID:
22032355
[PubMed - in process]
Bio-based nanocomposite coating to preserve quality of Fior di latte cheese.
Gammariello D, Conte A, Buonocore GG, Del Nobile MA.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5298-304.
PMID:
22032352
[PubMed - in process]
Sodium alginate as an ideal submucosal injection material for endoscopic submucosal resection: preliminary experimental and clinical study.
Akagi T, Yasuda K, Tajima M, Suzuki K, Inomata M, Shiraishi N, Sato Y, Kitano S.
Gastrointest Endosc. 2011 Nov;74(5):1026-32.
PMID:
22032316
[PubMed - in process]
An Observational Prospective Study of Topical Acidified Nitrite for Killing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Contaminated Wounds.
Ormerod AD, Shah AA, Li H, Benjamin NB, Ferguson GP, Leifert C.
BMC Res Notes. 2011 Oct 27;4(1):458. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032298
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Determination of three sweeteners in vinegars by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry].
Yin F, Ding Z, Cao X, Gao J, Jiang D, Kuang D, Gu Y, He G.
Se Pu. 2011 Jun;29(6):554-7. Chinese.
PMID:
22032168
[PubMed - in process]
Application of a novel boronated porphyrin (H(2) OCP) as a dual sensitizer for both PDT and BNCT.
Hiramatsu R, Kawabata S, Miyatake S, Kuroiwa T, Easson MW, Vicente MG.
Lasers Surg Med. 2011 Jan;43(1):52-8. doi: 10.1002/lsm.21026.PMID: 21254143 [PubMed - in process]
A novel and sensitive resonance scattering assay for detection of urea in serum coupled urease catalytic reaction and NH(4) (+) associated particle reaction.
Liang A, Qin H, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Ouyang H, Wang P, Jiang Z.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2011 Jan 21. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21253771 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrochemical treatment of wastewater polluted by nitrate: selective reduction to N(2) on Boron-Doped Diamond cathode.
Georgeaud V, Diamand A, Borrut D, Grange D, Coste M.
Water Sci Technol. 2011;63(2):206-12.PMID: 21252421 [PubMed - in process]
Novel Pyridazine Based Scorpionate Ligands in Cobalt and Nickel Boratrane Compounds.
Nuss G, Saischek G, Harum BN, Volpe M, Gatterer K, Belaj F, Mo?sch-Zanetti NC.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Jan 20. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21250681 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cationized gelatin-HVJ envelope with sodium borocaptate improved the BNCT efficacy for liver tumors in vivo.
Fujii H, Matsuyama A, Komoda H, Sasai M, Suzuki M, Asano T, Doki Y, Kirihata M, Ono K, Tabata Y, Kaneda Y, Sawa Y, Lee CM.
Radiat Oncol. 2011 Jan 20;6(1):8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21247507 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Free Article
High-temperature thermal stability and axial compressive properties of a coaxial carbon nanotube inside a boron nitride nanotube.
Liew KM, Yuan J.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Feb 25;22(8):085701. Epub 2011 Jan 17.PMID: 21242624 [PubMed - in process]
Experimental analysis of charge redistribution due to chemical bonding by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
Meyer JC, Kurasch S, Park HJ, Skakalova V, Künzel D, Groß A, Chuvilin A, Algara-Siller G, Roth S, Iwasaki T, Starke U, Smet JH, Kaiser U.
Nat Mater. 2011 Jan 16. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21240288 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
l-Boronophenylalanine-mediated Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Malignant Glioma Progressing After External Beam Radiation Therapy: A Phase I Study.
Kankaanranta L, Seppälä T, Koivunoro H, Välimäki P, Beule A, Collan J, Kortesniemi M, Uusi-Simola J, Kotiluoto P, Auterinen I, Serèn T, Paetau A, Saarilahti K, Savolainen S, Joensuu H.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21236605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Trace Elements in the Hair of Hemodialysis Patients.
Ochi A, Ishimura E, Tsujimoto Y, Kakiya R, Tabata T, Mori K, Shoji T, Yasuda H, Nishizawa Y, Inaba M.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Jan 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21234813 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
New superconducting and semiconducting fe-B compounds predicted with an ab initio evolutionary search.
Kolmogorov AN, Shah S, Margine ER, Bialon AF, Hammerschmidt T, Drautz R.
Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Nov 19;105(21):217003. Epub 2010 Nov 19.PMID: 21231344 [PubMed - in process]
Soft Bond-Deformation Paths in Superhard ?-Boron.
Zhou W, Sun H, Chen C.
Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Nov 19;105(21):215503. Epub 2010 Nov 17.PMID: 21231321 [PubMed - in process]
Micronutrient mineral and folate content of Australian and imported dried fruit products.
Bennett LE, Singh DP, Clingeleffer PR.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2011 Jan;51(1):38-49.PMID: 21229417 [PubMed - in process]
Silencing of the GDP-D-mannose 3,5-epimerase affects the structure and cross-linking of the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan II and plant growth in tomato.
Voxeur A, Gilbert L, Rihouey C, Driouich A, Rothan C, Baldet P, Lerouge P.
J Biol Chem. 2011 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21224383 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Free Article
Role of an extracellular loop in determining the stoichiometry of Na/HCO3 cotransporters.
Chen LM, Liu Y, Boron WF.
J Physiol. 2011 Jan 4. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21224233 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Borate Minerals and Origin of the RNA World.
Grew ES, Bada JL, Hazen RM.
Orig Life Evol Biosph. 2011 Jan 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21221809 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hunting for Monolayer Boron Nitride: Optical and Raman Signatures.
Gorbachev RV, Riaz I, Nair RR, Jalil R, Britnell L, Belle BD, Hill EW, Novoselov KS, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Geim AK, Blake P.
Small. 2011 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID: 21218420 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fabrication of Vertically Aligned Diamond Whiskers from Highly Boron-Doped Diamond by Oxygen Plasma Etching.
Terashima C, Arihara K, Okazaki S, Shichi T, Tryk DA, Shirafuji T, Saito N, Takai O, Fujishima A.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21214209 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Factors Controlling Stripping Voltammetry of Lead at Polycrystalline Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes: New Insights from High-Resolution Microscopy.
Hutton LA, Newton ME, Unwin PR, Macpherson JV.
Anal Chem. 2011 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21214184 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Boron removal and recovery from concentrated wastewater using a microwave hydrothermal method.
Tsai HC, Lo SL.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Dec 10. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21211905 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Water-supported organized structures based on wedge-shaped amphiphilic derivatives of dipyrrolyldiketone boron complexes.
Maeda H, Eifuku N, Haketa Y, Ito Y, Lee E, Lee M.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21210031 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Sodium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is 2, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s1. In its elemental form sodium's CAS number is 7440-23-5. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8.pm and it's Van der Waalsradius is 227.pm. Sodium is not toxic but skin contact may cause irritation and burns. Sodium is primarily used in its metallic form in the production of 
chemical esters and in the manufacturing of various other organic compounds. The metal is used in the alloy of tin, nickel and copper for its structural characteristics. Sodium is availableas metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. High purity sodium compounds are used as reducing agents. Sodium compounds are used in low tech applications throughout industry. Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The name Sodium comes from the Latin word "natrium" which means sodium carbonate. See Sodium research below.
Boron is a Block P, Group 13, Period 2 element. The number of electrons in each of Boron's shells is 2, 3 and its electronic configuration is [He] 2s2 2p1. In its elemental form boron's CAS number is 7440-42-8. The boron atom has a radius of 79.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Boron is not toxic. Boron has an energy band gap of 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of either silicon or germanium. Optical characteristics include transmitting portions of the infrared. Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at room temperature but a good conductor at high temperature. Boron in its elemental form is not toxic. Amorphous 
boron is used in pyrotechnic flares to provide a distinctive green color, and in rockets as an igniter Boric acid is also an important boron compound with major markets in textile products. Boron compounds are also extensively used in the manufacture of borosilicate 
glasses. The isotope Boron-10 is used as a control for nuclear reactors, as a shield for nuclear radiation, and in instruments used for detecting neutrons. Boron nitride has remarkable properties and can be used to make a material as hard as diamond. The nitride also behaves like an electrical insulator but conducts heat like a metal. Boron also has lubricating properties similar to graphite. Boron was first discovered by Sir Humphry Davy and J.L Gay-Lussac in 1808. The name Boron originates from a combination of carbon and the Arabic word 'buraqu meaning borax. See Boron research below. 
