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Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target
Ni/Cr
7440-02-0/7440-47-3
Product Product Code Order or Specifications
(2N) 99% Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target NI-CR-02-ST Contact American Elements
(2N5) 99.5% Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target NI-CR-025-ST Contact American Elements
(3N) 99.9% Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target NI-CR-03-ST Contact American Elements
(3N5) 99.95% Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target NI-CR-035-ST Contact American Elements
(4N) 99.99% Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target NI-CR-04-ST Contact American Elements
(5N) 99.999% Nickel Chrome Sputtering Target NI-CR-05-ST Contact American Elements
See research below. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Nickel Chrome Sputtering targets with the highest possible density High Purity (99.99%) Metallic Sputtering Targetand smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard target sizes range from 1" to 8" in diameter and from 2mm to 1/2" thick. "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Nickel as rods, powder and plates. Other shapes are available by request.

Nickel(Ni) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolNickel is a Block D, Group 4, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Nickel's shells is 2, 8, 16, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Ar]3d8 4s2. In its elemental form nickel's CAS number is 7440-02-0. Nickel is sometimes found free in nature but is more commonly found in ores. The nickel atom has a radius of 149.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 163.pm. Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic. Nickel carbonyl is a very toxic gas. It is extensively alloyed with iron, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and other metals produce stainless and other anti-corrosive steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys. It is highly electronically conductive and has many applications as a result. It is the basis of the nickel hydride battery. Most recently, its Nickel Bohr Model conductive properties have Elemental Nickelmade it an ideal component for ceramic anode formulations used in oxygen generation and solid oxide fuel cell applications. Catalytic nickel is used to hydrogenate vegetable oils. Nickel additions to glass and ceramic glazes impart a bright green. It is also used in pigments for this purpose. Nickel information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. Nickel was first discovered by Alex Constedt in 1751. The name originates from the German word 'kupfernickel' which means false copper from the illusory copper color of the ore. See Nickel research below.

Chromium(Cr) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolChromium is a Block D, Group 6, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Chromium's shells is 2, 8, 13, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d5 4s1. In its elemental form chromium's CAS number is 7440-47-3. The chromium atom has a radius of 124.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Hexavalent chromium is toxic. Chromium is highly resistant to corrosion. This has led to its use in numerous alloying and steel producing applications. When chromium is added to glass or ceramic glazes, it produces a brilliant green. Chromium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is also used as a paint pigment for this purpose.Although chromium metal is an essential trace element, hexavalent Elemental Chromiumchromium (Cr(VI)) is especially toxic and carcinogenic. Recently, chromites have formed the basis for cathode compositions Chromium Bohr Modelfor oxygen generation and fuel cell applications. Chromium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. Chromium was first discovered by Anders Ekeberg in 1802. Due to its various colorful compounds, Chromium was named after the Greek word 'chroma' meaning color. See Chromium research below.

Nickel is extensively alloyed with iron, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and other metals produce stainless and other anti-corrosive steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys. It is highly electronically conductive and has many applications as a result. It is the basis of the nickel hydride battery. Most recently, its conductive properties have Elemental Nickelmade it an ideal component for ceramic anode formulations used in oxygen generation and solid oxide fuel cell applications. Catalytic nickel is used to hydrogenate vegetable oils. Nickel additions to glass and ceramic glazes impart a bright green. It is also used in pigments for this purpose.

Formula CAS No. Appearance Molecular Weight
Ni/Cr 7440-02-0/7440-47-3 Metal  
PRODUCT CATALOG Nickel Products News Foil Submicron & Nanopowder Tolling Ultra High Purity Sputtering Target Crystal Growth Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. Home

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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.

 

 

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Recent Research & Development for Nickel

  • The Role of a Bilayer Interfacial Phase on Liquid Metal Embrittlement. Luo J, Cheng H, Asl KM, Kiely CJ, Harmer MP. Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1730-1733. PMID: 21940889 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Wettability of carbon nanofiber layers on nickel foils. Pacheco Benito S, Lefferts L. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Aug 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21939980 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • The Function of UreB in Klebsiella aerogenes Urease. Carter EL, Boer JL, Farrugia MA, Flugga N, Towns CL, Hausinger RP. Biochemistry. 2011 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21939280 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on Redox-Active d(8) Metal Dithione-Dithiolato Complexes Showing Molecular Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Activity. Pilia L, Espa D, Barsella A, Fort A, Makedonas C, Marchio` L, Mercuri ML, Serpe A, Mitsopoulou CA, Deplano P. Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21939192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • [Heterogeneity of epidermal cells in relation to nickel accumulation in Alyssum hyperaccumulators]. [No authors listed] Tsitologiia. 2011;53(7):572-9. Russian. PMID: 21938929 [PubMed - in process]

  • Homocysteine metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: evidence for cystathionine beta-synthase activity in resting state. Katko M, Zavaczki E, Jeney V, Paragh G, Balla J, Varga Z. Amino Acids. 2011 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21938399 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Microscopic computerized tomographic evaluation of root canal transportation prepared with twisted or ground nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Freire LG, Gavini G, Branco-Barletta F, Sanches-Cunha R, Dos Santos M. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Sep 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21937249 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Site-specific immobilization of a (His)6-tagged acetylcholinesterase on nickel nanoparticles for highly sensitive toxicity biosensors. Ganesana M, Istarnboulie G, Marty JL, Noguer T, Andreescu S. Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21937214 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Accumulation of Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the halophyte plant Atriplex grown on polluted soil. Kachout SS, Mansoura AB, Mechergui R, Leclerc JC, Rejeb MN, Ouerghi Z. J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Sep 20. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4581. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21935956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Nickel-catalyzed Negishi cross-couplings of 6-chloropurines with organozinc halides at room temperature. Wang DC, Niu HY, Qu GR, Liang L, Wei XJ, Zhang Y, Guo HM. Org Biomol Chem. 2011 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21935566 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Dipeptide-Based Models of Nickel Superoxide Dismutase: Solvent Effects Highlight a Critical Role to Ni-S Bonding and Active Site Stabilization. Gale EM, Cowart DM, Scott RA, Harrop TC. Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21932766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • A Serendipitous Discovery: Nickel Catalyst for the Cycloaddition of Diynes with Unactivated Nitriles. Kumar P, Prescher S, Louie J. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Sep 20. doi: 10.1002/anie.201104475. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID: 21932226 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Differential regulation of serine acetyltransferase is involved in nickel hyperaccumulation in thlaspi goesingense. Na G, Salt DE. J Biol Chem. 2011 Sep 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21930704 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Recovery of nickel from spent NiO/Al2O3 catalyst through sulfuric acid leaching, precipitation and solvent extraction. Nazemi MK, Rashchi F. Waste Manag Res. 2011 Sep 18. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21930525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • New thermodynamic data for CoTiO3, NiTiO3 and CoCO3 based on low-temperature calorimetric measurements. Klemme S, Hermes W, Eul M, Wijbrans CH, Rohrbach A, Pottgen R. Chem Cent J. 2011 Sep 19;5(1):54. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21929780 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Aortic Valve Replacement in a Patient with Severe Nickel Allergy. Lusini M, Barbato R, Spadaccio C, Chello M. J Card Surg. 2011 Sep 19. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2011.01320.x. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21929741 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Nickel skin levels in different occupations and an estimate of the threshold for reacting to a single open application of nickel in nickel-allergic subjects. Gawkrodger DJ, McLeod CW, Dobson K. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Sep 20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10644.x. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21929529 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • A current global view of environmental and occupational cancers. Yang M. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2011 Jul;29(3):223-49. PMID: 21929381 [PubMed - in process]

  • Differential biochemical response of rat kidney towards low and high doses of NiCl(2) as revealed by NMR spectroscopy. Tyagi R, Rana P, Gupta M, Khan AR, Bhatnagar D, Bhalla PJ, Chaturvedi S, Tripathi RP, Khushu S. J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Sep 16. doi: 10.1002/jat.1730. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21928331 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Influence of Operational Parameters and Low Nickel Concentrations on Partial Nitrification in a Submerged Biofilter. Aslan S, Gurbuz B. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2011 Sep 17. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21927858 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Recent Research & Development for Chromium

  • trans-Tetra-carbonyl-bis-[tris-(3-fluoro-phen-yl)phosphane]chromium(0). Norlidah MN, Yazid MY, Shawkataly OB, Rosli MM, Fun HK. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1652-m1653. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PMID: 22199480 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Preparation and characterization of La(III) encapsulated silica gel/chitosan composite and its metal uptake studies. Gandhi MR, Meenakshi S. J Hazard Mater. 2011 Nov 28. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22197561 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Electro-migration of heavy metals in an aged electroplating contaminated soil affected by the coexisting hexavalent chromium. Zhang W, Zhuang L, Tong L, Lo IM, Qiu R. Chemosphere. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22197017 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Angular momentum conservation in dipolar energy transfer. Guo D, Knight TE, McCusker JK. Science. 2011 Dec 23;334(6063):1684-7. PMID: 22194572 [PubMed - in process]

  • Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution. Taylor HE, Antweiler RC, Roth DA, Alpers CN, Dileanis P. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22193863 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Chromium and genomic stability. Wise SS, Wise JP Sr. Mutat Res. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22192535 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • A Theoretical Evaluation of Ethylene Insertion into Chromium Alkyl Bonds of Cp-Donor based Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Xu R, Klatt G, Enders M, Koeppel H. J Phys Chem A. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22191673 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by modified corn stalk: A fixed-bed column study. Chen S, Yue Q, Gao B, Li Q, Xu X, Fu K. Bioresour Technol. 2011 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22189077 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant and Toxic-Metal Tolerant Enterococci in Fresh Feces from Urban Pigeons in Brazil. da Silva VL, Caçador NC, da Silva CD, Fontes CO, Garcia GD, Nicoli JR, Diniz CG. Microbes Environ. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22188908 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Revision of a tibial baseplate using a customized oxinium component in a case of suspected metal allergy. A case report. Van Opstal N, Verheyden F. Acta Orthop Belg. 2011 Oct;77(5):691-5. PMID: 22187849 [PubMed - in process]

  • Retention Strength of Cobalt-Chromium vs Nickel-Chromium Titanium vs CP Titanium in a Cast Framework Association of Removable Partial Overdenture. Souza JE, Silva NR, Coelho PG, Zavanelli AC, Ferracioli RC, Zavanelli RA. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2011 May 1;12(3):179-86. PMID: 22186813 [PubMed - in process]

  • Metal analysis, phytotoxic, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of selected medicinal plants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Khuda F, Iqbal Z, Zakiullah -, Khan A, Nasir F, Muhammad N, Khan JA, Khan MS. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2012 Jan;25(1):51-58. PMID: 22186309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Correlation between metal allergy and treatment outcomes after ankle fracture fixation. So S, Harris IA, Naylor JM, Adie S, Mittal R. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2011 Dec;19(3):309-13. PMID: 22184160 [PubMed - in process]

  • Enhancement of the acute phase response to a lipopolysaccharide challenge in steers supplemented with chromium. Burdick NC, Bernhard BC, Carroll JA, Rathmann RJ, Johnson BJ. Innate Immun. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22180563 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Identification and hexavalent chromium reduction characteristics of Pannonibacter phragmitetus. Shi Y, Chai L, Yang Z, Jing Q, Chen R, Chen Y. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2011 Dec 18. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22179413 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Exposure to particulate hexavalent chromium exacerbates allergic asthma pathology. Schneider BC, Constant SL, Patierno SR, Jurjus RA, Ceryak SM. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22178736 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Circulating levels of metals are related to carotid atherosclerosis in elderly. Lind PM, Olsén L, Lind L. Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22178028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Highly active nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-Fe(3)O(4) nanocomposites for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions. Lv X, Xu J, Jiang G, Tang J, Xu X. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22177747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Airborne concentrations of metals and total dust during solid catalyst loading and unloading operations at a petroleum refinery. Lewis RC, Gaffney SH, Le MH, Unice KM, Paustenbach DJ. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22177528 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Simultaneous Synthesis of Both Rings of Chromenes via a Benzannulation/o-Quinone Methide Formation/Electrocyclization Cascade. Majumdar N, Korthals KA, Wulff WD. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22176537 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

     

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