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Nickel Platinum Alloy
Ni Pt Alloy
Product Product Code Order or Specifications
Ni-90% Pt-10% NI-PT-01-P.10PT Contact American Elements
Nickel Platinum is one of numerous metal alloys sold by American Elements under the tradename AE Alloys™. Generally immediately available in most volumes, AE Alloys™ are available as bar, Ingot, ribbon, wire, shot, sheet, and foil. Ultra high purity and high purity forms also include metal powder, submicron powder and nanoscale, targets for thin film deposition, and pellets for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) applications.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Primary applications include bearing assembly, ballast, casting, step soldering, and radiation shielding.

Nickel(Ni) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolNickel is a Block D, Group 4, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Nickel's shells is 2, 8, 16, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Ar]3d8 4s2. In its elemental form nickel's CAS number is 7440-02-0. Nickel is sometimes found free in nature but is more commonly found in ores. The nickel atom has a radius of 149.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 163.pm. Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic. Nickel carbonyl is a very toxic gas. It is extensively alloyed with iron, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and other metals produce stainless and other anti-corrosive steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys. It is highly electronically conductive and has many applications as a result. It is the basis of the nickel hydride battery. Most recently, its Nickel Bohr Model conductive properties have Elemental Nickelmade it an ideal component for ceramic anode formulations used in oxygen generation and solid oxide fuel cell applications. Catalytic nickel is used to hydrogenate vegetable oils. Nickel additions to glass and ceramic glazes impart a bright green. It is also used in pigments for this purpose. Nickel information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. Nickel was first discovered by Alex Constedt in 1751. The name originates from the German word 'kupfernickel' which means false copper from the illusory copper color of the ore. See Nickel research below.

Platinum(Pt) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolPlatinum is a Block D, Group 10, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Platinum's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1. In its elemental form platinum's CAS number is 7440-06-4. The platinum atom has a radius of 137.3.pm and it's Van derWaals radius is 172.pm. Platinum is not toxic. Platinum is a member of the platinum group of metals. It is highly corrosion resistant and has numerous catalytic applications. These include in petrochemical cracking catalysts, automotive catalytic converters and in the processes used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The metal does Elemental Platinumnot oxidize in air at anyPlatinum Bohr Model temperature. The metal is extensively used in jewelry, electronic wire, and crucibles for corrosive and high temperature laboratory uses and in many advanced instruments. Platinum compounds have application in medicine. Platinum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Platinum was first discovered by Julius Scaliger in 1735. The origin of the name comes from the Spanish word platina meaning silver. See Platinum research below.
Formula CAS No.
Ni
Pt		 7440-02-0
7440-06-4
PRODUCT CATALOG AE Alloys™ Foil Submicron & Nanopowder Tolling Ultra High Purity Sputtering Target Crystal Growth Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. Home

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Recent Research & Development for Nickel

  • In situ Raman studies during sulfidation, and operando Raman-GC during ammoxidation reaction using nickel-containing catalysts: a valuable tool to identify the transformations of catalytic species. Guerrero-Pérez MO, Rojas E, Gutiérrez-Alejandre A, Ramírez J, Sánchez-Minero F, Fernández-Vargas C, Bañares MA. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21472171 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Various Mineral Concentrations in Rat Liver. Kim KH, Ishizaki N, Iguchi E, Funaba M, Matsui T. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Apr 5. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21465284 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Electronic Structures, Vibrational and Thermochemical Properties of Neutral and Charged Niobium Clusters Nb(n), n = 7-12. Nhat PV, Ngan VT, Tai TB, Nguyen MT. J Phys Chem A. 2011 Apr 21;115(15):3523-35. Epub 2011 Mar 29. PMID: 21446686 [PubMed - in process]

  • Surface structure of niobium-doped potassium tantalate KTa(1 - x)Nb(x)O(3) obtained from helium atom scattering studies. Trelenberg TW, Fatema R, Li JA, Akhadov EA, Van Winkle DH, Skofronick JG, Safron SA, Flaherty FA, Boatner LA. J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 Aug 4;22(30):304009. Epub 2010 Jul 13. PMID: 21399341 [PubMed - in process]

  • Structure and diffusion of intrinsic defect complexes in LiNbO(3) from density functional theory calculations. Xu H, Lee D, Sinnott SB, Dierolf V, Gopalan V, Phillpot SR. J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 Apr 7;22(13):135002. Epub 2010 Feb 25. PMID: 21389505 [PubMed - in process]

  • Lithium niobate nanowires for photocatalytic water splitting. Saito K, Koga K, Kudo A. Dalton Trans. 2011 Apr 21;40(15):3909-13. Epub 2011 Mar 8. PMID: 21384053 [PubMed - in process]

  • Simultaneous Spectroscopic and Topographic Near-Field Imaging of TiO(2) Single Surface States and Interfacial Electronic Coupling. Sevinc PC, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhang D, Meixner AJ, Lu HP. Nano Lett. 2011 Apr 13;11(4):1490-4. Epub 2011 Mar 4. PMID: 21375338 [PubMed - in process]

  • Matrix isolation spectroscopic and theoretical study of water adsorption and hydrolysis on molecular tantalum and niobium oxides. Zhou M, Zhuang J, Wang G, Chen M. J Phys Chem A. 2011 Mar 24;115(11):2238-46. Epub 2011 Feb 28. PMID: 21355623 [PubMed - in process]

  • Defect chemistry, redox kinetics, and chemical diffusion of lithium deficient lithium niobate. Shi J, Fritze H, Borchardt G, Becker KD. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Apr 21;13(15):6925-30. Epub 2011 Feb 23. PMID: 21347483 [PubMed - in process]

  • Effects of distortion of metal-oxygen octahedra on photocatalytic water-splitting performance of RuO2-loaded niobium and tantalum phosphate bronzes. Nishiyama H, Kobayashi H, Inoue Y. ChemSusChem. 2011 Feb 18;4(2):208-15. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201000294. PMID: 21328551 [PubMed - in process]

  • The influence of surface energy of titanium-zirconium alloy on osteoblast cell functions in vitro. Sista S, Wen C, Hodgson PD, Pande G. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2011 Feb 9. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.33013. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21308982 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Trialkyl imido niobium and tantalum compounds: synthesis, structural study and migratory insertion reactions. Galajov M, García C, Gómez M, Gómez-Sal P. Dalton Trans. 2011 Mar 28;40(12):2797-804. Epub 2011 Feb 7. PMID: 21298197 [PubMed - in process]

  • A series of new phases in the alkali metal-Nb(V)/Ta(V)-Se(IV)/Te(IV)-O systems. Gu QH, Hu CL, Zhang JH, Mao JG. Dalton Trans. 2011 Mar 21;40(11):2562-9. Epub 2011 Feb 4. PMID: 21293821 [PubMed - in process]

  • An ultralow noise current amplifier based on superconducting quantum interference device for high sensitivity applications. Granata C, Vettoliere A, Russo M. Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Jan;82(1):013901. PMID: 21280839 [PubMed - in process]

  • Bijvoet in solution reveals unexpected stereoselectivity in a Michael addition. Sun H, d'Auvergne EJ, Reinscheid UM, Dias LC, Andrade CK, Rocha RO, Griesinger C. Chemistry. 2011 Feb 7;17(6):1811-7. doi: 10.1002/chem.201002520. Epub 2011 Jan 12. PMID: 21274932 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

  • Synthesis and reactivity of niobium complexes having a tripodal triaryloxide ligand in bidentate, tridentate, and tetradentate coordination modes. Akagi F, Ishida Y, Matsuo T, Kawaguchi H. Dalton Trans. 2011 Mar 14;40(10):2375-82. Epub 2011 Jan 20. PMID: 21249259 [PubMed - in process]

  • Bijvoet in Solution Reveals Unexpected Stereoselectivity in a Michael Addition. Sun H, d'Auvergne EJ, Reinscheid UM, Carlos Dias L, Kleber Z Andrade C, Oliveira Rocha R, Griesinger C. Chemistry. 2011 Jan 12. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21229527 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of perovskite niobium oxynitrides with wide visible-light absorption bands. Siritanaratkul B, Maeda K, Hisatomi T, Domen K. ChemSusChem. 2011 Jan 17;4(1):74-8. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201000207. Epub 2010 Nov 4. PMID: 21226214 [PubMed - in process]

  • Synthesis and catalytic activity of group 5 metal amides with chiral biaryldiamine-based ligands. Zhang F, Song H, Zi G. Dalton Trans. 2011 Feb 21;40(7):1547-66. Epub 2011 Jan 10. PMID: 21218246 [PubMed - in process]

  • Sulfates of the refractory metals: crystal structure and thermal behavior of Nb2O2(SO4)3, MoO2(SO4), WO(SO4)2, and two modifications of Re2O5(SO4)2. Betke U, Wickleder MS. Inorg Chem. 2011 Feb 7;50(3):858-72. Epub 2011 Jan 5. PMID: 21207946 [PubMed - in process]

Recent Research & Development for Platinum

  • A new [(1R,2R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane]platinum(II) complex: formation by nitrate-acetonitrile ligand exchange. Pa?out R, Housková J, Dusek M, Maixner J, Cibulková J, Kacer P. Acta Crystallogr C. 2010 Oct 15;66(Pt 10):m273-m275. Epub 2010 Sep 4. PubMed PMID: 20921601.

  • Platinum-based chemotherapy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: the Institut Curie experience. Staudacher L, Cottu PH, Diéras V, Vincent-Salomon A, Guilhaume MN, Escalup L, Dorval T, Beuzeboc P, Mignot L, Pierga JY. Ann Oncol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20924076.

  • New reactions of anticancer-platinum complexes and their intriguing behaviour under various experimental conditions. Alemán J, Del Solar V, Cubo L, Quiroga AG, Navarro Ranninger C. Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922260.

  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with splenic and cystic liver metastases in a pediatric patient: 18F-FDG PET-CT findings. Radhakrishnan V, Thulkar S, Karunanithi S, Tanveer N, Bakhshi S. Pediatr Radiol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922367.

  • Preparation of large thermally stable platinum nanocubes by using solvent-thermal reaction. Shen Z, Matsuki Y, Shimoda T. Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922214.

  • Platinum-free tungsten carbides as an efficient counter electrode for dye sensitized solar cells. Jang JS, Ham DJ, Ramasamy E, Lee J, Lee JS. Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20890501.

  • Complexation and Extraction of PAHs to the Aqueous Phase with a Dinuclear Pt(II) Diazapyrenium-Based Metallacycle. Blanco V, García MD, Terenzi A, Pía E, Fernández-Mato A, Peinador C, Quintela JM. Chemistry. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922724.

  • Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Zn(II)porphyrin-Bridge-Pt(II)acetylide Complexes: Variation in Rate with Anchoring Group and Position of the Bridge. Go¨ransson E, Boixel J, Monnereau C, Blart E, Pellegrin Y, Becker HC, Hammarstro¨m L, Odobel F. Inorg Chem. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20919727.

  • Engineered Biocompatible Nanoparticles for in Vivo Imaging Applications. Chen S, Wang L, Duce SL, Brown S, Lee S, Melzer A, Cuschieri SA, Andre´ P. J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20919679.

  • Electrochemical absorption and oxidation of hydrogen on palladium alloys with platinum, gold and rhodium. Lukaszewski M, Hubkowska K, Czerwinski A. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20890504.

  • Engineering of self-assembled nanoparticle platform for precisely controlled combination drug therapy. Kolishetti N, Dhar S, Valencia PM, Lin LQ, Karnik R, Lippard SJ, Langer R, Farokhzad OC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20921363.

  • Early versus delayed treatment of relapsed ovarian cancer (MRC OV05/EORTC 55955): a randomised trial. Rustin GJ, van der Burg ME, Griffin CL, Guthrie D, Lamont A, Jayson GC, Kristensen G, Mediola C, Coens C, Qian W, Parmar MK, Swart AM; MRC OV05; EORTC 55955 investigators. Lancet. 2010 Oct 2;376(9747):1155-63. PubMed PMID: 20888993.

  • Dielectric properties of (Ba,Sr)TiO3 thin films with varied microstructures prepared by the chemical solution deposition method for thin-film capacitors and ferroelectric varactors. Kageyama K, Hosokura T, Nakaiso T, Takagi H. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2010 Oct;57(10):2198-204. PubMed PMID: 20889405.

  • Targeting Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Cancer Stem Cells in Ovarian Cancer. Landen CN, Goodman BW, Katre AA, Steg AD, Nick AM, Stone R, Miller L, Vivas-Mejia PE, Jennings NB, Gershenson DM, Bast RC Jr, Coleman RL, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20889728.

  • Microflow injection chemiluminescence system with spiral microchannel for the determination of cisplatin in human serum. Wang X, Yin X, Cheng H. Anal Chim Acta. 2010 Sep 30;678(2):135-9. Epub 2010 Aug 13. PubMed PMID: 20888444.

  • Phase III Study of Radiation Therapy With or Without Cis-Platinum in Patients with Unresectable Squamous or Undifferentiated Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: An Intergroup Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E2382). Quon H, Leong T, Haselow R, Leipzig B, Cooper J, Forastiere A. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Sep 30. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20888709.

  • Importance of backdonation in [M-(CO)]p+ complexes isoelectronic to [Au-(CO)]+. Gourlaouen C, Parisel O, Piquemal JP. J Chem Phys. 2010 Sep 28;133(12):124310. PubMed PMID: 20886935.

  • Long-term cardiovascular risk following platinum-based chemotherapy for germ cell tumors. Evans C, Williams M, Mazhar D. Future Oncol. 2010 Sep;6(9):1365-8. PubMed PMID: 20919820.

  • Coating of tips for electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy by means of silicon, magnesium, and tungsten oxides. Salerno M. Rev Sci Instrum. 2010 Sep;81(9):093703. PubMed PMID: 20886983.

  • Targeted agents in ovarian cancer. Kristedja TS, Morgan RJ, Cristea M. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2010 Sep;6(5):679-94. PubMed PMID: 20887168.

Recent Research & Development for Alloys

  • Tailoring nanostructured, graded, and particle-reinforced Al laminates by accumulative roll bonding. Göken M, Höppel HW. Adv Mater. 2011 Jun 17;23(22-23):2663-8. PMID: 21823248 [PubMed - in process]

  • Highly monodisperse core-shell particles created by solid-state reactions. Radmilovic V, Ophus C, Marquis EA, Rossell MD, Tolley A, Gautam A, Asta M, Dahmen U. Nat Mater. 2011 Aug 7. doi: 10.1038/nmat3077. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21822262 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Aerosol Deposition of Hydroxyapatite and 4-Hexylresorcinol Coatings on Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants. Kim SG, Hahn BD, Park DS, Lee YC, Choi EJ, Chae WS, Baek DH, Choi JY. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21821331 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Progress in the Removal of Di-[2-Ethylhexyl]-Phthalate as Plasticizer in Blood Bags. Simmchen J, Ventura R, Segura J. Transfus Med Rev. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21820855 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Antibacterial effect of silver-platinum coating for orthodontic appliances. Ryu HS, Bae IH, Lee KG, Hwang HS, Lee KH, Koh JT, Cho JH. Angle Orthod. 2011 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21810004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Influence of metal alloy and the profile of coronary stents in patients with multivessel coronary disease. Abreu Filho LM, Forte AA, Sumita MK, Favarato D, Meireles GC. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(6):985-9. PMID: 21808863 [PubMed - in process]

  • A combined arc-melting and tilt-casting furnace for the manufacture of high-purity bulk metallic glass materials. Soinila E, Pihlajama¨ki T, Bossuyt S, Ha¨nninen H. Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Jul;82(7):073901. PMID: 21806193 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Waste-recycling Monte Carlo with optimal estimates: Application to free energy calculations in alloys. Adjanor G, Athe`nes M, Rodgers JM. J Chem Phys. 2011 Jul 28;135(4):044127. PMID: 21806110 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Role of electronic excitation in the amorphization of ge-sb-te alloys. Li XB, Liu XQ, Liu X, Han D, Zhang Z, Han XD, Sun HB, Zhang SB. Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Jul 1;107(1):015501. Epub 2011 Jun 29. PMID: 21797549 [PubMed - in process]

  • Prediction of the operating point of dendrites growing under coupled thermosolutal control at high growth velocity. Mullis AM. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2011 Jun;83(6-1):061601. Epub 2011 Jun 2. PMID: 21797374 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Metal Anion-Alkyl Ammonium Complexes as Direct Write Precursors to Produce Nanopatterns of Metals, Nitrides, Oxides, Sulfides, And Alloys. Radha B, Kiruthika S, Kulkarni GU. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Jul 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21790160 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Characteristics of InGaN-based concentrator solar cells operating under 150X solar concentration. Yang CC, Jang CH, Sheu JK, Lee ML, Tu SJ, Huang FW, Yeh YH, Lai WC. Opt Express. 2011 Jul 4;19 Suppl 4:A695-700. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.00A695. PMID: 21747536 [PubMed - in process]

  • Determination of the magnetic ground state in the martensite phase of Ni-Mn-Z (Z = In, Sn and Sb) off-stoichiometric Heusler alloys by nonlinear AC susceptibility. Umetsu RY, Fujita A, Ito W, Kanomata T, Kainuma R. J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Aug 17;23(32):326001. Epub 2011 Jul 25. PMID: 21785185 [PubMed - in process]

  • Effects of phase constitution on magnetic susceptibility and mechanical properties of Zr-rich Zr-Mo alloys. Suyalatu, Kondo R, Tsutsumi Y, Doi H, Nomura N, Hanawa T. Acta Biomater. 2011 Jul 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21784180 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Bioactive glass microspheres as osteopromotive inlays in macrotextured surfaces of Ti and CoCr alloy bone implants: Trapezoidal surface grooves without inlay most efficient in resisting torsional forces. Keränen P, Moritz N, Alm JJ, Ylänen H, Kommonen B, Aro HT. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2011 Oct;4(7):1483-91. Epub 2011 May 30. PMID: 21783158 [PubMed - in process]

  • Effect of the combination of dithiooctanoate monomers and acidic adhesive monomers on adhesion to precious metals, precious metal alloys and non-precious metal alloys. Ikemura K, Kojima K, Endo T, Kadoma Y. Dent Mater J. 2011 Jul 28;30(4):469-77. Epub 2011 Jul 21. PMID: 21778614 [PubMed - in process]

  • Nanoporous PtAg and PtCu alloys with hollow ligaments for enhanced electrocatalysis and glucose biosensing. Xu C, Liu Y, Su F, Liu A, Qiu H. Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Sep 15;27(1):160-6. Epub 2011 Jul 7. PMID: 21778046 [PubMed - in process]

  • Pt/Cr and Pt/Ni catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction: to alloy or not to alloy? Escaño MC, Gyenge E, Nakanishi H, Kasai H. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Apr;11(4):2944-51. PMID: 21776658 [PubMed - in process]

  • In vitro evaluation of the electrochemical behaviour of stainless steel and Ni-Ti orthodontic archwires at different temperatures. Pakshir M, Bagheri T, Kazemi MR. Eur J Orthod. 2011 Jul 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21771804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Multifrequency atomic force microscopy: compositional imaging with electrostatic force measurements. Magonov S, Alexander J. Microsc Microanal. 2011 Aug;17(4):587-97. Epub 2011 Jul 19. PMID: 21771386 [PubMed - in process]

  • Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of intervertebral test spacers: an experimental comparison of magnesium versus titanium and carbon fiber reinforced polymers as biomaterials. Ernstberger T, Buchhorn G, Heidrich G. Ir J Med Sci. 2009 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19693644 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Ultrasonic irradiation and its application for improving the corrosion resistance of phosphate coatings on aluminum alloys. Sheng M, Wang C, Zhong Q, Wei Y, Wang Y. Ultrason Sonochem. 2010 Jan;17(1):21-5. Epub 2009 Aug 6. PMID: 19692286 [PubMed - in process]

  • Plasma reduction of bronze corrosion developed under long-term artificial ageing. Novakovic J, Papadopoulou O, Vassiliou P, Filippaki E, Bassiakos Y. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2009 Aug 15. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19685234 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • First-principles studies on alloying and simplified thermodynamic aqueous chemical stability of calcium-, zinc-, aluminum-, yttrium- and iron-doped magnesium alloys. Velikokhatnyi OI, Kumta PN. Acta Biomater. 2009 Aug 14. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19683600 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

 

 

 

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