American Elements' AE Bullion™ group mints certified high purity Palladium Bars from laboratory certified engineered materials with properties applicable to chemical vapor deposition (CVP) for thin film and laboratory standard impurity levels for short and long term physical possession and to allow for exposure and controlled risk to industrial demand fluctuations reflected in the global palladium price. Bars are manufactured and minted under written SOPs (standard operating procedures) to assure quality and consistency by American Elements' AE Metals™ custom synthesis and refining group. Besides palladium bars, palladium coins and palladium Ingots may be purchased by funds, currency reserves, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), private investors, collectors and hobbyists to take direct physical title and possession of the metal with risk exposure from shortages or chemical/physical technology changes, such as in solar energy, and fuel cell developments, equivalent to movements in the industrial application price of Palladium. American Elements offers bonded short and long term warehouse inventory services for AE Bullion™ coins to investors, funds and collectors who do not wish to take physical custody of the metal or lack secure storage or warehouse capabilities. The lowest possible bar unit price to Palladium melt value ratio is maintained through state of the art mint and die systems and analytically certified blanks (planchet or flan) refined and pressed to exacting purity and weight. We also produce Palladium as rod, pellets, powder, pieces, disc, granules, and wire, as nanoparticles and in compound forms, such as oxide. Palladium Bars may be purchased in bulk or small quantity. Portfolios of different elemental metal bars or coins may also be structured and purchased from the AE Bullion™ group allowing for strategic risk allocation and indexing across a basket of metals.
Palladium is a Block D, Group 10, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Palladium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10. In its elemental form palladium's CAS number is 7440-05-3. The palladium atom has a radius of 137.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 163.pm. Palladium is a member of the palladium group of metals. It is an excellent hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst and available in many Organo-metallic forms for this purpose. It is alloyed with gold, silver, iridium and other palladium group elements and used in jewelry. The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts. Palladium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Palladium was first discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1803. See Palladium research below. Palladium was first discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1803. See Palladium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Bullion and bar forms are best if purchasing solely for physical possession and risk exposure.
PET study using [(11)C]FTIMD with ultra-high specific activity to evaluate I(2)-imidazoline receptors binding in rat brains.
Kawamura K, Kimura Y, Yui J, Wakizaka H, Yamasaki T, Hatori A, Kumata K, Fujinaga M, Yoshida Y, Ogawa M, Nengaki N, Fukumura T, Zhang MR.
Nucl Med Biol. 2011 Sep 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21958848
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Titanocene-Phosphine Derivatives as Precursors to Cytotoxic Heterometallic TiAu(2) and TiM (M = Pd, Pt) Compounds. Studies of Their Interactions with DNA.
González-Pantoja JF, Stern M, Jarzecki AA, Royo E, Robles-Escajeda E, Varela-Ramírez A, Aguilera RJ, Contel M.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21958150
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Convenient and General Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Sonogashira Coupling of Aryl Amines.
Wu XF, Neumann H, Beller M.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Sep 28. doi: 10.1002/anie.201104653. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21957031
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A Convenient and General Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling for the Synthesis of 2-Arylbenzoxazinones.
Wu XF, Schranck J, Neumann H, Beller M.
Chemistry. 2011 Sep 28. doi: 10.1002/chem.201102254. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21956858
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Palladium Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Metal-Organic Framework as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for Direct C2 Arylation of Indoles.
Huang Y, Lin Z, Cao R.
Chemistry. 2011 Sep 28. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101705. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21956646
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Palladium-Catalyzed Pentannulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
Lütke Eversloh C, Avlasevich Y, Li C, Müllen K.
Chemistry. 2011 Sep 28. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101126. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21956345
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Curious Results with Palladium- and Platinum-Carrying Polymers in Mass Cytometry Bioassays and an Unexpected Application as a Dead Cell Stain.
Majonis D, Ornatsky O, Kinach R, Winnik MA.
Biomacromolecules. 2011 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21955116
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Palladium Catalyzed Stereoselective C-Glycosylation of Glycals with Enol Triflates.
Bai Y, Leow M, Zeng J, Liu XW.
Org Lett. 2011 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21954934
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Palladium-Catalyzed Mono-N-allylation of Unprotected Anthranilic Acids with Allylic Alcohols in Aqueous Media.
Hikawa H, Yokoyama Y.
J Org Chem. 2011 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21919524
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Twin Plane Decoration of Silver Nanorods with Palladium by Galvanic Exchange at a Controlled Rate.
Slawinski GW, Ivanova OS, Zamborini FP.
Langmuir. 2011 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21916478
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Chloromethyl Naphthalene Derivatives via ?(3)-Benzylpalladium Intermediates: A New Strategy for Catalytic Dearomatization.
Peng B, Zhang S, Yu X, Feng X, Bao M.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):5402-5. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
PMID:
21910509
[PubMed - in process]
Azadipyrromethene-Based Conjugated Oligomers with Near-IR Absorption and High Electron Affinity.
Gao L, Senevirathna W, Sauvé G.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):5354-7. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
PMID:
21910458
[PubMed - in process]
Palladium-catalyzed approach to stereodefined ten-membered cycles from 1,5-bisallenes.
Cheng J, Jiang X, Ma S.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):5200-3. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
PMID:
21910412
[PubMed - in process]
New Heteroannulation Reactions of N-Alkoxybenzamides by Pd(II) Catalyzed C-H Activation.
Wrigglesworth JW, Cox B, Lloyd-Jones GC, Booker-Milburn KI.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):5326-9. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
PMID:
21910404
[PubMed - in process]
Pd(0)-catalyzed iodoalkynation of norbornene scaffolds: the remarkable solvent effect on reaction pathway.
Liu H, Chen C, Wang L, Tong X.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):5072-5. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
PMID:
21910403
[PubMed - in process]
Palladium Catalyzed 1,8-Conjugate Addition to Heptafulvene via Bis-?-allyl Palladium Complexes.
George SC, Thulasi S, Anas S, Radhakrishnan KV, Yamamoto Y.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):4984-7. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
PMID:
21899322
[PubMed - in process]
Hydride formation in single palladium and magnesium nanoparticles studied by nanoplasmonic dark-field scattering spectroscopy.
Shegai T, Langhammer C.
Adv Mater. 2011 Oct 11;23(38):4409-14. doi: 10.1002/adma.201101976. Epub 2011 Sep 5. No abstract available.
PMID:
21898608
[PubMed - in process]
Cross-coupling of mesylated phenol derivatives with potassium cyclopropyltrifluoroborate.
Molander GA, Beaumard F, Niethamer TK.
J Org Chem. 2011 Oct 7;76(19):8126-30. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
PMID:
21888362
[PubMed - in process]
Palladium-catalyzed regioselective C-s bond cleavage of thiophenes.
Huang H, Li J, Lescop C, Duan Z.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 7;13(19):5252-5. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
PMID:
21888338
[PubMed - in process]
Substrate-Directable Heck Reactions with Arenediazonium Salts. The Regio- and Stereoselective Arylation of Allylamine Derivatives and Applications in the Synthesis of Naftifine and Abamines.
Prediger P, Barbosa LF, Ge?nisson Y, Correia CR.
J Org Chem. 2011 Oct 7;76(19):7737-7749. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
PMID:
21877731
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
SOPs (standard operating procedures) to assure quality and consistency by American Elements' AE Metals™ custom synthesis and refining group. Besides palladium bars, palladium coins and palladium Ingots may be purchased by funds, currency reserves, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), private investors, collectors and hobbyists to take direct physical title and possession of the metal with risk exposure from shortages or chemical/physical technology changes, such as in solar energy, and fuel cell developments, equivalent to movements in the industrial application price of Palladium. American Elements offers bonded short and long term warehouse inventory services for AE Bullion™ coins to investors, funds and collectors who do not wish to take physical custody of the metal or lack secure storage or warehouse capabilities. The lowest possible bar unit price to Palladium melt value ratio is maintained through state of the art mint and die systems and analytically certified blanks (planchet or flan) refined and pressed to exacting purity and weight. We also produce Palladium as rod, pellets, powder, pieces, disc, granules, and wire, as nanoparticles and in compound forms, such as oxide. Palladium Bars may be purchased in bulk or small quantity. Portfolios of different elemental metal bars or coins may also be structured and purchased from the AE Bullion™ group allowing for strategic risk allocation and indexing across a basket of metals.
Palladium is a Block D, Group 10, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Palladium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10. In its elemental form palladium's CAS number is 7440-05-3. The palladium atom has a radius of 137.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 163.pm. Palladium is a member of the palladium group of metals. It is an excellent hydrogenation and 
dehydrogenation
catalyst and available in many Organo-metallic forms for this purpose. It is alloyed with gold, silver, iridium and other palladium group elements and used in jewelry. The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts. Palladium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Palladium was first discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1803. See Palladium research below. Palladium was first discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1803. See Palladium research below.
