Potassium Hexaiodorhenate(IV) is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Potassium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Potassium's shells is 2, 8, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 4s1. In its elemental form potassium's CAS number is 7440-09-7. The potassium atom has a radius of 227.2 .pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 275.pm. Potassium is not toxic. Potassium is the seventh most abundant element on earth. In its metallic form it is one of the most reactive and electropositive of all metals and rapidly oxidizes. As with other metals of the alkali group, the metal decomposes in water with the evolution of hydrogen. It catches fire spontaneously in water. In high purity, potassium compounds have numerous pharmacological, medical, and electronics applications. Important compounds include the hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate, chloride, bromide, iodide, and sulfate. Lower purity compounds are used in pyrotechnics for its violet color on ignition and in glass and ceramic glazes to produce this color. Potassium also used as a nutrient in plant growth. Potassium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The origin of the element name comes from the English word 'potash' meaning pot ashes and the Arabic word 'qali' which means alkali. The symbol K originates from the Latin word 'kalium'. See Potassium research below.
Iodine is a Block P, Group 17, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Iodine's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 7 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5. In its elemental form iodine's CAS number is 7553-56-2. The iodine atom has a radius of 133.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 198.pm. See Iodine research below. Iodine forms compounds with many elements, but is less active than the other halogens, which displace it from iodides. Iodine exhibits some metallic-like properties. It dissolves readily in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or carbon disulfide to form purple solutions. It is only slightly soluble in water. Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine. Iodides, and thyroxine which contains iodine, are used internally in medicine. Potassium iodide finds use in photography. The deep blue color with starch solution is characteristic of the free element.Iodine is available in compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). See Iodine research below.
Rhenium is a Block D, Group 7, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2. In its elemental form rhenium's CAS number is 7440-15-5. The rhenium atom has a radius of 137.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The toxicity of Rhenium has not yet been established . Rhenium is the fourth densestelementexceeded only by that of platinum, iridium, and osmium . It has the second highest melting point exceeded only by tungsten and carbon . Rhenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Because of this, thermocouples made of Tungsten/Rhenium alloy is are used when temperatures will rise to 2000 C and rhenium wire is used in photoflash lamps for photography. It is widely used as filaments for mass spectrographs and ion gauges. Rhenium was first discovered by Walter Noddack in 1925 in the Rhine region of Germany. The name Rhenium originates from the Latin word 'Rhenus' meaning "Rhine" after the place of discovery. See Rhenium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic Acid injection for hemorrhoids.
Lim SW.
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2012 Apr;28(2):73-7. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
PMID:
22606645
[PubMed - in process]
Suppression of Ribosomal Function Triggers Innate Immune Signaling through Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.
Vyleta ML, Wong J, Magun BE.
PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36044. Epub 2012 May 14.
PMID:
22606244
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Stroke preceding autoimmune encephalitis with neuronal potassium channel antibody.
Simal P, Garcia-García AM, Serna-Candel C, Egido JA.
BMJ Case Rep. 2012 May 8;2012. pii: bcr0820114637. doi: 10.1136/bcr.08.2011.4637.
PMID:
22605845
[PubMed - in process]
Life-threatening hyperkalemia - an overlooked acute kidney injury with a serum creatinine rise in the 'normal' range.
Latus J, Braun N, Alscher MD, Kimmel M.
BMJ Case Rep. 2012 May 8;2012. pii: bcr0120125691. doi: 10.1136/bcr.01.2012.5691.
PMID:
22605836
[PubMed - in process]
Ethylene glycol ingestion masked by concomitant ethanol intoxication.
Head JM.
BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Mar 20;2012. pii: bcr1220115326. doi: 10.1136/bcr.12.2011.5326.
PMID:
22605713
[PubMed - in process]
Neuroanatomy of melanocortin-4 receptor pathway in the lateral hypothalamic area.
Cui H, Sohn JW, Gautron L, Funahashi H, Williams KW, Elmquist JK, Lutter M.
J Comp Neurol. 2012 May 17. doi: 10.1002/cne.23145. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22605619
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Microvascular responses to aldosterone in hamster cheek pouch microcirculation.
Lapi D, Emdin M, Mastantuono T, Sapio D, Santillo M, Colantuoni A.
Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2012 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22596229
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hyperkalemia in Predialysis Patients Followed in a Low-Clearance Clinic.
Sarafidis PA, Blacklock R, Wood E, Rumjon A, Simmonds S, Fletcher-Rogers J, Ariyanayagam R, Al-Yassin A, Sharpe C, Vinen K.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 May 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22595825
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chemical punch packed in venoms makes centipedes excellent predators.
Yang S, Liu Z, Xiao Y, Li Y, Rong M, Liang S, Zhang Z, Yu H, King GF, Lai R.
Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012 May 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22595790
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
21 Days head-down bed rest induces weakening of cell-mediated immunity - Some spaceflight findings confirmed in a ground-based analog.
Kelsen J, Bartels LE, Dige A, Hvas CL, Frings-Meuthen P, Boehme G, Thomsen MK, Fenger-Grøn M, Dahlerup JF.
Cytokine. 2012 May 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22595648
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Efficient production of ultrapure manganese oxides via electrodeposition.
Cheney MA, Joo SW, Banerjee A, Min BK.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2012 Apr 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22595552
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Radiolytic formation of non-toxic Cr(III) from toxic Cr(VI) in formate containing aqueous solutions: A system for water treatment.
Djouider F.
J Hazard Mater. 2012 May 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22595544
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparative effect of angiotensin II type I receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers on laboratory parameters in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes.
Nishida Y, Takahashi Y, Nakayama T, Asai S.
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012 May 17;11(1):53. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22594344
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Functional significance of M-type potassium channels in nociceptive cutaneous sensory endings.
Passmore GM, Reilly JM, Thakur M, Keasberry VN, Marsh SJ, Dickenson AH, Brown DA.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2012;5:63. Epub 2012 May 14.
PMID:
22593734
[PubMed - in process]
Growth, root formation, and nutrient value of triticale plants fertilized with biosolids.
Rauw WM, Teglas MB, Chandra S, Forister ML.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:467052. Epub 2012 Apr 19.
PMID:
22593686
[PubMed - in process]
Electrochemistry/mass spectrometry as a tool in the investigation of the potent skin sensitizer p-phenylenediamine and its reactivity toward nucleophiles.
Jahn S, Faber H, Zazzeroni R, Karst U.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2012 Jun 30;26(12):1453-64. doi: 10.1002/rcm.6249.
PMID:
22592989
[PubMed - in process]
One-step sonochemical synthesis of a graphene oxide-manganese oxide nanocomposite for catalytic glycolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate).
Park G, Bartolome L, Lee KG, Lee SJ, Kim DH, Park TJ.
Nanoscale. 2012 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22592889
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Interventions for non-oliguric hyperkalaemia in preterm neonates.
Vemgal P, Ohlsson A.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 May 16;5:CD005257.
PMID:
22592703
[PubMed - in process]
Ultrasound assisted free radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate by a new disite phase-transfer catalyst system: A kinetic study.
Sankar K, Rajendran V.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 Feb 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22592149
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparison of the Effects of Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, and Desflurane on Microcirculation in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.
Ozarslan NG, Ayhan B, Kanbak M, Celebiog?lu B, Demircin M, Ince C, Aypar U.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2012 May 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22592139
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recent Research & Development for Iodine
The role of striatal dopamine D2 receptors in the occurrence of extrapyramidal side effects: Iodine-123-iodobenzamide single photon emission computed tomography study.
Corripio I, Ferreira A, Portella MJ, Pérez V, Escartí MJ, Del Valle Camacho M, Sauras RB, Alonso A, Grasa EM, Carrió I, Catafau AM, Alvarez E.
Psychiatry Res. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281201
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Adjuvant therapy options following curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of randomized trials.
Zhong JH, Li H, Li LQ, You XM, Zhang Y, Zhao YN, Liu JY, Xiang BD, Wu GB.
Eur J Surg Oncol. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22281155
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mercury and thyroid autoantibodies in U.S. women, NHANES 2007-2008.
Gallagher CM, Meliker JR.
Environ Int. 2012 Apr;40:39-43. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
PMID:
22280926
[PubMed - in process]
Dietary Iodine and Thyroid Cancer Risk in French Polynesia: A Case-Control Study.
Cléro E, Doyon F, Chungue V, Rachédi F, Boissin JL, Sebbag J, Shan L, Bost-Bezeaud F, Petitdidier P, Dewailly E, Rubino C, de Vathaire F.
Thyroid. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280227
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Highly Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Alkylation of ß-Ketoesters and Subsequent Cyclization to Spirolactones/ bi-Spirolactones.
Deng QH, Wadepohl H, Gade LH.
J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22280225
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mediastinal goiter diagnosed by functional imaging.
Michels G, Dietlein M, Kobe C, Pfister R.
Libyan J Med. 2012;7. doi: 10.3402/ljm.v7i0.15693. Epub 2012 Jan 19.
PMID:
22279494
[PubMed - in process]
An Approach to the Regioselective Diamination of Conjugated Di- and Trienes.
Lishchynskyi A, Muñiz K.
Chemistry. 2012 Jan 25. doi: 10.1002/chem.201103435. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22279008
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Highly Stereoselective Metal-Free Oxyaminations Using Chiral Hypervalent Iodine Reagents.
Farid U, Wirth T.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Jan 25. doi: 10.1002/anie.201107703. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22278888
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Scintigraphic Detection of Benign Ovarian Teratoma after Total Thyroidectomy and Radioactive Iodine for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
van Wijk JP, Broekhuizen-de Gast HS, Smits AJ, Schipper ME, Zelissen PM.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22278431
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
An Operational Study on Implementation of Mobile Primary Healthcare Services for Seasonal Migratory Farmworkers, Turkey.
Simsek Z, Koruk I, Doni NY.
Matern Child Health J. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22278354
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
BMI, Diet and Female Reproductive Factors as Risks for Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review.
Peterson E, De P, Nuttall R.
PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29177. Epub 2012 Jan 19.
PMID:
22276106
[PubMed - in process]
Report on a cryotherapy service for women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in a district hospital in western Kenya.
Lewis K, Sellors J, Dawa A, Tsu V, Kidula N.
Afr Health Sci. 2011 Sep;11(3):370-6.
PMID:
22275926
[PubMed - in process]
A comparison of triage methods for Kenyan women who screen positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid.
Lewis K, Tsu V, Dawa A, Kidula N, Chami I, Sellors J.
Afr Health Sci. 2011 Sep;11(3):362-9.
PMID:
22275925
[PubMed - in process]
Coupled simulation of chemical lasers based on intracavity partially coherent light model and 3D CFD model.
Wu K, Huai Y, Jia S, Jin Y.
Opt Express. 2011 Dec 19;19(27):26295-307. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.026295.
PMID:
22274214
[PubMed - in process]
Surgical Treatment for Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis: Case Report.
Lin YC, Wu CW, Chen HC, Chen HY, Lu IC, Tsai CJ, Kuo WR, Chiang FY.
World J Surg Oncol. 2012 Jan 24;10(1):21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22273473
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hofmann-Type Rearrangement of Imides by in Situ Generation of Imide-Hypervalent Iodines(III) from Iodoarenes.
Moriyama K, Ishida K, Togo H.
Org Lett. 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22273472
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Recent advances on radionuclide labeled hypoxia-imaging agents.
Li Z, Chu T.
Curr Pharm Des. 2012 Jan 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22272826
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Predictive modelling of interventions to improve iodine intake in New Zealand.
Schiess S, Cressey PJ, Thomson BM.
Public Health Nutr. 2012 Jan 25:1-9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22272731
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Goiter prevalence and urinary iodine levels.
Ozsoylu S.
Turk J Pediatr. 2011 Sep-Oct;53(5):595. No abstract available.
PMID:
22272468
[PubMed - in process]
Collaboration to optimize dietary intakes of salt and iodine: a critical but overlooked public health issue.
Campbell N, Dary O, Cappuccio FP, Neufeld LM, Harding KB, Zimmermann MB.
Bull World Health Organ. 2012 Jan 1;90(1):73-4. No abstract available.
PMID:
22271970
[PubMed - in process]
A water soluble vitamin B(12)-Re(i) fluorescent conjugate for cell uptake screens: use in the confirmation of cubilin in the lung cancer line A549.
Vortherms AR, Kahkoska AR, Rabideau AE, Zubieta J, Andersen LL, Madsen M, Doyle RP.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21818500
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mechanism for the Activation of Carbon Monoxide via Oxorhenium Complexes.
Smeltz JL, Boyle PD, Ison EA.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21809864
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhenium-188 labeled recombinant human plasminogen kringle5 (rhk5) and preliminary biodistribution. Evaluation in mice bearing A549 tumours.
Guo R, Ma Y, Zhang R, Liang S, Shen H, Xu H, Li B.
Nuklearmedizin. 2011 Aug 2;50(5). [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21808809
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Re(CO)(3)(H(2)O)(3)(+) binding to lysozyme: structure and reactivity.
Binkley SL, Leeper TC, Rowlett RS, Herrick RS, Ziegler CJ.
Metallomics. 2011 Aug 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21805003
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Endovascular Brachytherapy (EVBT) with Rhenium-188 for Restenosis Prophylaxis after Angioplasty of Infrainguinal Lesions: Early Experience].
Leissner GG, Wengenmair H, Sciuk J, Woelfle KD, Winterstein A, Weinrich K, Bohndorf K, Wohlgemuth WA.
Rofo. 2011 Aug;183(8):735-42. Epub 2011 Jul 28. German.
PMID:
21800265
[PubMed - in process]
Examples of Reductive Azo Cleavage and Oxidative Azo Bond Formation on Re(2)(CO)(10) Template: Isolation and Characterization of Re(III) Complexes of New Azo-Aromatic Ligands.
Paul ND, Samanta S, Mondal TK, Goswami S.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21774465
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Oxygen-containing gas-phase diatomic trications and tetracations: ReO(z+), NbO(z+) and HfO(z+) (z = 3, 4).
Brites V, Franzreb K, Harvey JN, Sayres SG, Ross MW, Blumling DE, Castleman AW, Hochlaf M.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Jul 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21761073
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Combined in situ XRD and in situ XANES studies on the reduction behavior of a rhenium promoted cobalt catalyst.
Kumar N, Payzant EA, Jothimurugesan K, Spivey JJ.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Aug 28;13(32):14735-41. Epub 2011 Jul 11.
PMID:
21743918
[PubMed - in process]
Selective Hydrogenolysis of Polyols and Cyclic Ethers over Bifunctional Surface Sites on Rhodium-Rhenium Catalysts.
Chia M, Paga´n-Torres YJ, Hibbitts D, Tan Q, Pham HN, Datye AK, Neurock M, Davis RJ, Dumesic JA.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21736345
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mechanistic Insight into Olefin Epoxidation Catalyzed by Rhenium(V) Oxo Complexes That Contain Pyridazine-Based Ligands.
Gru¨nwald KR, Saischek G, Volpe M, Mo¨sch-Zanetti NC.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Aug 1;50(15):7162-7171. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
PMID:
21736307
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tuning the Excited State of Photoactive Building Blocks for Metal-Templated Self-Assembly.
Ahmad H, Meijer AJ, Thomas JA.
Chem Asian J. 2011 Jul 6. doi: 10.1002/asia.201100091. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21735553
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain.
Roqué I Figuls M, Martinez-Zapata MJ, Scott-Brown M, Alonso-Coello P.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jul 6;(7):CD003347. Review.
PMID:
21735393
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Imidazole to NHC Rearrangements at Molybdenum Centers: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Brill M, Díaz J, Huertos MA, López R, Pérez J, Riera L.
Chemistry. 2011 Jul 25;17(31):8584-95. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101390. Epub 2011 Jul 4.
PMID:
21728200
[PubMed - in process]
Luminescent Rhenium(I) Polypyridine Complexes Appended with an a-D-Glucose Moiety as Novel Biomolecular and Cellular Probes.
Louie MW, Liu HW, Lam MH, Lam YW, Lo KK.
Chemistry. 2011 Jul 18;17(30):8304-8. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101399. Epub 2011 Jun 28. No abstract available.
PMID:
21714023
[PubMed - in process]
Synthesis and characterisation of luminescent rhenium tricarbonyl complexes with axially coordinated 1,2,3-triazole ligands.
Uppal BS, Booth RK, Ali N, Lockwood C, Rice CR, Elliott PI.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 7;40(29):7610-6. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
PMID:
21706085
[PubMed - in process]
Tumor eradication in rat glioma and bypass of immunosuppressive barriers using internal radiation with (188)Re-lipid nanocapsules.
Vanpouille-Box C, Lacoeuille F, Belloche C, Lepareur N, Lemaire L, Lejeune JJ, Benoît JP, Menei P, Couturier OF, Garcion E, Hindré F.
Biomaterials. 2011 Oct;32(28):6781-90. Epub 2011 Jun 25.
PMID:
21705077
[PubMed - in process]
Excited state dependent electron transfer of a rhenium-dipyridophenazine complex intercalated between the base pairs of DNA: a time-resolved UV-visible and IR absorption investigation into the photophysics of fac-[Re(CO)(3)(F(2)dppz)(py)](+) bound to either [poly(dA-dT)](2) or [poly(dG-dC)](2).
Cao Q, Creely CM, Davies ES, Dyer J, Easun TL, Grills DC, McGovern DA, McMaster J, Pitchford J, Smith JA, Sun XZ, Kelly JM, George MW.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2011 Aug 27;10(8):1355-64. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
PMID:
21698328
[PubMed - in process]
Synthesis of dimeric Re(I) amino acid conjugate complexes.
Qayyum H, Herrick RS, Ziegler CJ.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Jul 28;40(28):7442-5. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
PMID:
21691650
[PubMed - in process]
Tungsten tetraboride, an inexpensive superhard material.
Mohammadi R, Lech AT, Xie M, Weaver BE, Yeung MT, Tolbert SH, Kaner RB.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jul 5;108(27):10958-62. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
PMID:
21690363
[PubMed - in process]
Selective Hydrogenation of Trans,Trans-Muconic Acid to Adipic Acid over a Titania-Supported Rhenium Catalyst.
She X, Brown HM, Zhang X, Ahring BK, Wang Y.
ChemSusChem. 2011 Jun 17. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201100020. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21688400
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Potassium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Potassium's shells is 2, 8, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 4s1. In its elemental form potassium's CAS number is 7440-09-7. The potassium atom has a radius of 227.2 .pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 275.pm. Potassium is not toxic. Potassium is the seventh most abundant element on earth. In its metallic form it is one of the most reactive and 
electropositive of all metals and rapidly oxidizes. As with other metals of the alkali group, the metal 
decomposes in water with the evolution of hydrogen. It catches fire spontaneously in water. In high purity, potassium compounds have numerous pharmacological, medical, and electronics applications. Important compounds include the hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate, chloride, bromide, iodide, and sulfate. Lower purity compounds are used in pyrotechnics for its violet color on ignition and in glass and ceramic glazes to produce this color. Potassium also used as a nutrient in plant growth. Potassium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The origin of the element name comes from the English word 'potash' meaning pot ashes and the Arabic word 'qali' which means alkali. The symbol K originates from the Latin word 'kalium'. See Potassium research below.
Iodine is a Block P, Group 17, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Iodine's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 7 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5. In its elemental form iodine's CAS number is 7553-56-2. The iodine atom has a radius of 133.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 198.pm. See Iodine research below. Iodine forms compounds with many elements, but is less active than the other halogens, which displace it from iodides. Iodine exhibits some metallic-like properties. It dissolves readily in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or carbon disulfide to form purple solutions. It is only slightly soluble in water. Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine. Iodides, and thyroxine which contains iodine, are used internally 
in medicine. Potassium iodide finds use in photography. The deep blue color with starch solution is characteristic of the free element.Iodine is available in compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). See Iodine research below.
Rhenium is a Block D, Group 7, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2. In its 
elemental form rhenium's CAS number is 7440-15-5. The rhenium atom has a radius of 137.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The toxicity of Rhenium has not yet been established . Rhenium is the fourth densestelementexceeded only by that of platinum, iridium, and osmium . It has the second highest melting point exceeded only by tungsten and carbon . Rhenium is available as metal and 
compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Because of this, thermocouples made of Tungsten/Rhenium alloy is are used when temperatures will rise to 2000 C and rhenium wire is used in photoflash lamps for photography. It is widely used as filaments for mass spectrographs and ion gauges. Rhenium was first discovered by Walter Noddack in 1925 in the Rhine region of Germany. The name Rhenium originates from the Latin word 'Rhenus' meaning "Rhine" after the place of discovery. See Rhenium research below.
