| American Elements specializes in producing high purity Praseodymium Particles with the smallest possible average grain sizes for use in preparation of pressed and bonded sputtering targets and in Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Metal particle powders are used in a variety of applications including, additives in paint and other coatings, in solid fuels and cements, as pigments in printing and packaging and dietary supplements in food processing. Current trends in particle usage or in development include commercialization of technologies such as rapid solidification and metal injection molding and production of dense powder metallurgy products.Praseodymium Particles are also available as Nanoparticles (See also Nanotechnology Information and Quantum Dots). Our standard Powder particle sizes average in the range of - 325 mesh, - 100 mesh, 10-50 microns and submicron (< 1 micron). We can also provide many materials in the nanoscale range. See research below. We also produce Praseodymium as rod, ingot, pieces, pellets, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request. Praseodymium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Praseodymium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f3 6s2. In its elemental form praseodymium's CAS number is 7440-10-0. The praseodymium atom has a radius of 182.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is is unknown. Praseodymium is somewhat toxic. Praseodymium resembles the typical trivalent rare earths, however, it will exhibit a +4 state when stabilized in a zirconia host. Praseodymium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. The element is found in most all light rare earth derivatives. It is highly valued in glass and ceramic production as a bright yellow pigment because of its optimum reflectance at 560 nm. Much research is being done on its optical properties for use in amplification of telecommunication systems, including as a doping agent in fluoride fibers. The origin of the element name comes from the Greek words 'prasios didymos' meaning green twin. See Praseodymium research below.
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PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES |
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
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Recent Research & Development for Praseodymium
- Synthesis mechanism of low-voltage praseodymium oxide doped zinc oxide varistor ceramics prepared through modified citrate gel coating.
Abdullah WR, Zakaria A, Ghazali MS.
Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(4):5278-89. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
PMID:
22606043
[PubMed - in process]
- Inorganic-organic hybrid compounds based on novel lanthanide-antimony oxohalide nanoclusters.
Hu B, Zou GD, Feng ML, Huang XY.
Dalton Trans. 2012 May 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22549083
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- High pressure luminescence spectra of CaMoO(4):Pr(3+).
Mahlik S, Grinberg M, Cavalli E, Bettinelli M.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2012 May 30;24(21):215402. Epub 2012 Apr 27.
PMID:
22543332
[PubMed - in process]
- Bremsstrahlung parameters of praseodymium-142 in different human tissues: a dosimetric perspective for (142)Pr radionuclide therapy.
Bakht MK, Jabal-Ameli H, Ahmadi SJ, Sadeghi M, Sadjadi S, Tenreiro C.
Ann Nucl Med. 2012 Apr 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22528970
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Superbroadband near-IR photoluminescence from Pr3+-doped fluorotellurite glasses.
Zhou B, Tao L, Tsang YH, Jin W, Pun EY.
Opt Express. 2012 Feb 13;20(4):3803-13. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.003803.
PMID:
22418137
[PubMed - in process]
- Upgrade of the resonance ionization laser ion source at ISOLDE on-line isotope separation facility: new lasers and new ion beams.
Fedosseev VN, Berg LE, Fedorov DV, Fink D, Launila OJ, Losito R, Marsh BA, Rossel RE, Rothe S, Seliverstov MD, Sjödin AM, Wendt KD.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Feb;83(2):02A903.
PMID:
22380244
[PubMed - in process]
- Uncovering the global life cycles of the rare Earth elements.
Du X, Graedel TE.
Sci Rep. 2011;1:145. Epub 2011 Nov 4.
PMID:
22355662
[PubMed]
- Nonaaqua-praseodymium triiodide-thio-urea (1/2).
Antonenko TA, Alikberova LY, Albov DV.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2012 Feb 1;68(Pt 2):m110. Epub 2012 Jan 7.
PMID:
22346801
[PubMed - in process]
- Di-?-pivalato-?O,O':O';?O:O,O'-bis-[(methanol-?O)bis-(2,2,6,6-tetra-methylhepta-ne-3,5-dionato)praseo-dymium(III)].
Meng Q, Cross AM, May PS, Sykes AG, Berry MT.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Nov 1;67(Pt 11):m1514-5. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
PMID:
22219764
[PubMed - in process]
- The matlockite-type praseodymium(III) oxide bromide PrOBr.
Talmon-Gros P, Schurz CM, Schleid T.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):i74. Epub 2011 Nov 23.
PMID:
22199472
[PubMed - in process]
- Selected trace elements in the sacramento river, california: occurrence and distribution.
Taylor HE, Antweiler RC, Roth DA, Alpers CN, Dileanis P.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2012 May;62(4):557-69. Epub 2011 Dec 23.
PMID:
22193863
[PubMed - in process]
- NaYF4:Pr3+ nanocrystals displaying photon cascade emission.
Gusowski MA, Swart HC, Karlsson LS, Trzebiatowska-Gusowska M.
Nanoscale. 2012 Jan 21;4(2):541-6. Epub 2011 Nov 29.
PMID:
22127460
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Tetra-kis(?-4-tert-butyl-benzoato)-?O:O,O';?O,O':O';?O:O'-bis-[aqua-bis-(4-tert-butyl-benzoato-?O,O')(4-tert-butyl-benzoic acid-?O)praseodymium(III)].
Dai J, Pan RK, Yang J.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Aug 1;67(Pt 8):m1160-1. Epub 2011 Jul 30.
PMID:
22090916
[PubMed]
- Unusual spectral renormalization in hexaborides.
Patil S, Adhikary G, Balakrishnan G, Maiti K.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Dec 14;23(49):495601. Epub 2011 Nov 17.
PMID:
22089641
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Novel lanthanide-based polymeric chains and corresponding ultrafast dynamics in solution.
Thielemann DT, Klinger M, Wolf TJ, Lan Y, Wernsdorfer W, Busse M, Roesky PW, Unterreiner AN, Powell AK, Junk PC, Deacon GB.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Dec 5;50(23):11990-2000. Epub 2011 Nov 8.
PMID:
22066577
[PubMed]
- catena-Poly[[[bis-(3-amino-pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ato)triaqua-praseodymium(III)]-?-3-amino-pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ato-[(3-amino-pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ato)diaqua-formatopraseodymium(III)]-?-3-amino-pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ato] hexa-hydrate].
Gao S, Ng SW.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Sep 1;67(Pt 9):m1221-2. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
PMID:
22065704
[PubMed]
- Tetra-kis(?-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-?O,O':O';?O:O,O',?O:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-?N,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-?O,O')praseodymium(III)].
Shen JB, Liu JL, Zhao GL.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Sep 1;67(Pt 9):m1321. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
PMID:
22058896
[PubMed]
- Poly[diaquabis-(?(4)-fumarato-?O:O:O:O)(?(4)-fumarato-?O:O,O:O:O,O)(?(2)-fumaric acid-?O:O)dipraseodymium(III)].
Liu PL, Cao W, Wang J, Zeng RH, Zeng Z.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Oct 1;67(Pt 10):m1433-4. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
PMID:
22058712
[PubMed]
- Spectroscopic properties and upconversion in Pr3+:YF3 nanoparticles.
Pellé F, Dhaouadi M, Michely L, Aschehoug P, Toncelli A, Veronesi S, Tonelli M.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Oct 21;13(39):17453-60. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
PMID:
21887443
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Signatures of spin-glass behaviour in PrIr2B2 and heavy fermion behaviour in PrIr2B2C.
Anupam, Anand VK, Hossain Z, Adroja DT, Geibel C.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Sep 21;23(37):376001. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
PMID:
21878715
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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