  Platinum Oxide (PdO) Nanopowder or Nanoparticles, nanodots or nanocrystals are ferric and ferrous spherical or faceted high surface area oxide magnetic nanostructure particles. Nanoscale Platinum Oxide Particles are typically 20-80 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 10 - 50 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 100 nm range with a specific surface area of approximately 7- 10 m 2 /g. Nano Platinum Oxide Particles are also available in ultra high purity and high purity, transparent, and coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil.. Applications for Platinum Oxide Nanocrystals include as a flame retardant in coatings, plastics, fiber and textiles and in certain alloy and catalyst applications. Further research is being done for their potential electrical, magnetic, optical, and bioscience properties. Platinum Oxide Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
 Platinum is a Block D, Group 10, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Platinum's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1. In its elemental form platinum's CAS number is 7440-06-4. The platinum atom has a radius of 137.3.pm and it's Van derWaals radius is 172.pm. Platinum is not toxic. Platinum is a member of the platinum group of metals. It is highly corrosion resistant and has numerous catalytic applications. These include in petrochemical cracking catalysts, automotive catalytic converters and in the processes used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The metal does not oxidize in air at any temperature. The metal is extensively used in jewelry, electronic wire, and crucibles for corrosive and high temperature laboratory uses and in many advanced instruments. Platinum compounds have application in medicine. Platinum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Platinum was first discovered by Julius Scaliger in 1735. The origin of the name comes from the Spanish word platina meaning silver. See Platinum research below.
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PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES |
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
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Recent Research & Development for Platinum
- DNA interaction studies of a platinum(II) complex, PtCl(2)(NN) (NN=4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), using different instrumental methods.
Shahabadi N, Kashanian S, Purfoulad M.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2008 Nov 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19119061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Stage II uterine papillary serous carcinoma: Carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy improves recurrence and survival outcomes.
Fader AN, Nagel C, Axtell AE, Zanotti KM, Kelley JP, Moore KN, Secord AA, Walsh CS, Huh WK, Gehrig PA, Gibbons H, Rose PG, Havrilesky LJ, Tuller E, Drake RD, O'Malley D, Bottsford-Miller J; for the UPSC Consortium.
Gynecol Oncol. 2008 Dec 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19118888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Pemetrexed plus Cisplatin in Chemonaive Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma or Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Dickgreber NJ, Fink TH, Latz JE, Hossain AM, Musib LC, Thomas M.
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;15(1):382-9.
PMID: 19118069 [PubMed - in process]
- SCG3 Transcript in Peripheral Blood Is a Prognostic Biomarker for REST-Deficient Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Moss AC, Jacobson GM, Walker LE, Blake NW, Marshall E, Coulson JM.
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;15(1):274-83.
PMID: 19118055 [PubMed - in process]
- Amperometric Oxygen Sensor Based on a Platinum Nanoparticle-Modified Polycrystalline Boron Doped Diamond Disk Electrode.
Hutton L, Newton ME, Unwin PR, Macpherson JV.
Anal Chem. 2008 Dec 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19117391 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Electrooxidation of Methanol on Pt-Modified Conductive Polymer PEDOT.
Patra S, Munichandraiah N.
Langmuir. 2008 Dec 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19117379 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Evaluation of binding selectivities and affinities of platinum-based quadruplex interactive complexes by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
Pierce SE, Kieltyka R, Sleiman HF, Brodbelt JS.
Biopolymers. 2008 Dec 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19117031 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Cisplatin and Oxaliplatin Toxicity: Importance of Cochlear Kinetics as a Determinant for Ototoxicity.
Hellberg V, Wallin I, Eriksson S, Hernlund E, Jerremalm E, Berndtsson M, Eksborg S, Arnér ES, Shoshan M, Ehrsson H, Laurell G.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008 Dec 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19116379 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Weekly paclitaxel/5-fluorouracil followed by platinum retreatment for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer: a single institution experience.
Watari H, Hosaka M, Mitamura T, Moriwaki M, Ohba Y, Todo Y, Takeda M, Ebina Y, Sakuragi N.
Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2008;29(6):573-7.
PMID: 19115681 [PubMed - in process]
- [Effects of cisplatin on telomerase activity of human choroidal melanoma cells]
Cheng H, Wu ZY, Xia T, Hu QY, Hong HF, Mai QY, Zheng JL.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Aug;44(8):705-10. Chinese.
PMID: 19115633 [PubMed - in process]
- Formation of Carbonato and Hydroxo Complexes in the Reaction of Platinum Anticancer Drugs with Carbonate.
Di Pasqua AJ, Centerwall CR, Kerwood DJ, Dabrowiak JC.
Inorg Chem. 2008 Dec 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19113934 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Nanoporous cerium oxide thin film for glucose biosensor.
Saha S, Arya SK, Singh SP, Sreenivas K, Malhotra BD, Gupta V.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2008 Nov 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19112013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Biogenic metals in advanced water treatment.
Hennebel T, De Gusseme B, Boon N, Verstraete W.
Trends Biotechnol. 2008 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19111361 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Platinum group elements in the environment: emissions and exposure.
Dubiella-Jackowska A, Polkowska Z, Namiennik J.
Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009;199:111-35.
PMID: 19110940 [PubMed - in process]
- Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: Analysis of outcome, recurrence pattern and the impact of platinum-based combination chemotherapy.
Zivanovic O, Leitao MM Jr, Park KJ, Zhao H, Diaz JP, Konner J, Alektiar K, Chi DS, Abu-Rustum NR, Aghajanian C.
Gynecol Oncol. 2008 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19110302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Azacitidine enhances sensitivity of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin through induction of apoptosis.
Li Y, Hu W, Shen DY, Kavanagh JJ, Fu S.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19110234 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Carboplatin and paclitaxel adjuvant chemotherapy in primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the uterine corpus.
Shah JP, Jelsema J, Bryant CS, Ali-Fehmi R, Malone JM Jr.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19110219 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Detection of nicotine based on molecularly imprinted TiO2-modified electrodes.
Wu CT, Chen PY, Chen JG, Suryanarayanan V, Ho KC.
Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Feb 2;633(1):119-26. Epub 2008 Nov 25.
PMID: 19110125 [PubMed - in process]
- Expanding the chemical nature of siRNAs: Oxaliplatin as metalation reagent.
Snygg SS, Elmroth SK.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19109929 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Endohedral Nickel, Palladium, and Platinum Atoms in 10-Vertex Germanium Clusters: Competition between Bicapped Square Antiprismatic and Pentagonal Prismatic Structures.
King RB, Silaghi-Dumitrescu I, Ut?a? MM.
J Phys Chem A. 2008 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19108652 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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