American Elements specializes in producing high purity Platinum oxide sputtering targets with the highest possible density and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Platinum Oxide as pellets, pieces, powder, and tablets. Oxide compounds are not conductive to electricity. However, certain perovskite structured oxides are electronically conductive finding application in the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen generation systems.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. Other shapes are available by request.
Platinum is a Block D, Group 10, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Platinum's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1. In its elemental form platinum's CAS number is 7440-06-4. The platinum atom has a radius of 137.3.pm and it's Van derWaals radius is 172.pm. Platinum is not toxic. Platinum is a member of the platinum group of metals. It is highly corrosion resistant and has numerous catalytic applications. These include in petrochemical cracking catalysts, automotive catalytic converters and in the processes used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The metal does not oxidize in air at any temperature. The metal is extensively used in jewelry, electronic wire, and crucibles for corrosive and high temperature laboratory uses and in many advanced instruments. Platinum compounds have application in medicine. Platinum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Platinum was first discovered by Julius Scaliger in 1735. The origin of the name comes from the Spanish word platina meaning silver. See Platinum research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
S-1 Monotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck After Progression on Platinum-based Chemotherapy.
Yokota T, Onozawa Y, Boku N, Hamauchi S, Tsushima T, Taniguchi H, Todaka A, Machida N, Yamazaki K, Fukutomi A, Yasui H.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2011 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21980053
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Gemcitabine and platinum pathway pharmacogenetics in asian breast cancer patients.
Wong AL, Yap HL, Yeo WL, Soong R, Ng SS, Wang LZ, Cordero MT, Yong WP, Goh BC, Lee SC.
Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2011 Sep;8(5):255-9.
PMID:
21980041
[PubMed - in process]
Pt-rotaxanes as cytotoxic agents.
Wang X, Smithrud DB.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21978681
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effects of solvents on in vitro potencies of platinum compounds.
Yi YW, Bae I.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2011 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21978437
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
DNA-Platinum Thin Films for Use in Chemoradiation Therapy Studies.
Rezaee M, Alizadeh E, Hunting D, Sanche L.
Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2012;2012:923914. Epub 2011 Oct 2.
PMID:
21977010
[PubMed - in process]
Carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin versus carboplatin and paclitaxel in partially platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer patients: results from a subset analysis of the CALYPSO phase III trial.
Gladieff L, Ferrero A, De Rauglaudre G, Brown C, Vasey P, Reinthaller A, Pujade-Lauraine E, Reed N, Lorusso D, Siena S, Helland H, Elit L, Mahner S.
Ann Oncol. 2011 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21976386
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Multiple hydrogen bondings in a platinum complex.
Tabei ES, Samouei H, Rashidi M.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21975945
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Surgery for early-stage small cell lung cancer.
Schneider BJ, Saxena A, Downey RJ.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2011 Oct;9(10):1132-9.
PMID:
21975913
[PubMed - in process]
Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Haldar K, Gaitskell K, Bryant A, Nicum S, Kehoe S, Morrison J.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Oct 5;10:CD007927.
PMID:
21975775
[PubMed - in process]
Adjuvant chemotherapy for endometrial cancer after hysterectomy.
Johnson N, Bryant A, Miles T, Hogberg T, Cornes P.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Oct 5;10:CD003175.
PMID:
21975736
[PubMed - in process]
Mechanism and release rates of surface confined cyclodextrin guests.
Mallon CT, Forster RJ, Keyes TE.
Analyst. 2011 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21975325
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Erlotinib Monotherapy for the Maintenance Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer after Previous Platinum-Containing Chemotherapy: A NICE Single Technology Appraisal.
Dickson R, Bagust A, Boland A, Blundell M, Davis H, Dundar Y, Hockenhull J, Martin Saborido C, Oyee J, Ramani VS.
Pharmacoeconomics. 2011 Oct 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21967156
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Low temperature crystallization of transparent, highly ordered nanoporous SnO(2) thin films: application to room-temperature hydrogen sensing.
Shao S, Qiu X, He D, Koehn R, Guan N, Lu X, Bao N, Grimes CA.
Nanoscale. 2011 Oct 5;3(10):4283-9. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
PMID:
21879121
[PubMed - in process]
Design, synthesis, characterization, luminescence and non-linear optical (NLO) properties of multinuclear platinum(ii) alkynyl complexes.
Chan CK, Tao CH, Li KF, Wong KM, Zhu N, Cheah KW, Yam VW.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Oct 28;40(40):10670-85. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
PMID:
21858294
[PubMed - in process]
Platinum porphyrins as ionophores in polymeric membrane electrodes.
Lvova L, Verrelli G, Stefanelli M, Nardis S, Di Natale C, Amico AD, Makarychev-Mikhailov S, Paolesse R.
Analyst. 2011 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21971176
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Acquired platinum resistance enhances tumour angiogenesis through angiotensin II type 1 receptor in bladder cancer.
Tanaka N, Miyajima A, Kosaka T, Miyazaki Y, Shirotake S, Shirakawa H, Kikuchi E, Oya M.
Br J Cancer. 2011 Oct 4. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.399. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21970881
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Preclinical emergence of vandetanib as a potent antitumour agent in mesothelioma: molecular mechanisms underlying its synergistic interaction with pemetrexed and carboplatin.
Giovannetti E, Zucali PA, Assaraf YG, Leon LG, Smid K, Alecci C, Giancola F, Destro A, Gianoncelli L, Lorenzi E, Roncalli M, Santoro A, Peters GJ.
Br J Cancer. 2011 Oct 4. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.400. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21970874
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
An indirect comparison of the efficacy of bevacizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel versus pemetrexed with cisplatin in patients with advanced or recurrent non-squamous adenocarcinoma non-small cell lung cancer.
Nuijten MJ, Aultman R, Carpeño JD, Vergnenègre A, Chouaid C, Walzer S, Siebert U.
Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21970659
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hypersensitivity reactions to anticancer agents: data mining of the public version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, AERS.
Kadoyama K, Kuwahara A, Yamamori M, Brown J, Sakaeda T, Okuno Y.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Oct 5;30(1):93. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21970649
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Reactions of metallodrugs with proteins: selective binding of phosphane-based platinum(ii) dichlorides to horse heart cytochrome c probed by ESI MS coupled to enzymatic cleavage.
Mügge C, Micheucci E, Boscaro F, Gabbiani C, Messori L, Weigand W.
Metallomics. 2011 Oct 4;3(10):987-90. Epub 2011 Sep 22.
PMID:
21947338
[PubMed - in process]
and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Platinum Oxide as pellets, pieces, powder, and tablets. Oxide compounds are not conductive to electricity. However, certain perovskite structured oxides are electronically conductive finding application in the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen generation systems.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. Other shapes are available by request.
Platinum is a Block D, Group 10, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Platinum's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1. In its elemental form platinum's CAS number is 7440-06-4. The platinum atom has a radius of 137.3.pm and it's Van derWaals radius is 172.pm. Platinum is not toxic. Platinum is a member of the platinum group of metals. It is highly corrosion resistant and has numerous catalytic applications. These include in petrochemical cracking catalysts, automotive catalytic converters and in the processes used for proton exchange membrane 
not oxidize in air at any
temperature. The metal is extensively used in jewelry, electronic wire, and crucibles for corrosive and high temperature laboratory uses and in many advanced instruments. Platinum compounds have application in medicine. Platinum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Platinum was first discovered by Julius Scaliger in 1735. The origin of the name comes from the Spanish word platina meaning silver. See Platinum research below. 
