American Elements' AE Bullion™ group mints certified high purity Rhodium Bars from laboratory certified engineered materials with properties applicable to chemical vapor deposition (CVP) for thin film and laboratory standard impurity levels for short and long term physical possession and to allow for exposure and controlled risk to industrial demand fluctuations reflected in the global rhodium price. Bars are manufactured and minted under written SOPs (standard operating procedures) to assure quality and consistency by American Elements' AE Metals™ custom synthesis and refining group. Besides rhodium bars, rhodium coins and rhodium Ingots may be purchased by funds, currency reserves, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), private investors, collectors and hobbyists to take direct physical title and possession of the metal with risk exposure from shortages or chemical/physical technology changes, such as in solar energy, and fuel cell developments, equivalent to movements in the industrial application price of Rhodium. American Elements offers bonded short and long term warehouse inventory services for AE Bullion™ coins to investors, funds and collectors who do not wish to take physical custody of the metal or lack secure storage or warehouse capabilities. The lowest possible bar unit price to Rhodium melt value ratio is maintained through state of the art mint and die systems and analytically certified blanks (planchet or flan) refined and pressed to exacting purity and weight. We also produce Rhodium as rod, pellets, powder, pieces, disc, granules, and wire, as nanoparticles and in compound forms, such as oxide. Rhodium Bars may be purchased in bulk or small quantity. Portfolios of different elemental metal bars or coins may also be structured and purchased from the AE Bullion™ group allowing for strategic risk allocation and indexing across a basket of metals.
Rhodium is a Block D, Group 9, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d8 5s1. In its elemental form rhodium's CAS number is 7440-16-6. The rhodium atom has a radius of 134.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Rhodium is not toxic. Rhodium is a member of the platinum group of metals. It has a higher melting point than platinum, but a lower density.
It is alloyed with platinum and palladium in electrodes for spark plugs, advanced laboratory equipment and in thermocouples. Rhodium compounds also have catalytic uses in automotive catalytic converters. Rhodium is used as a plating metal in jewelry production to enhance the whiteness of white gold. Rhodium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Rhodium was first discovered by William Wollaston in 1803. The name Rhodium, originates from the Greek word 'Rhodon' which means rose. See Rhodium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Bullion and bar forms are best if purchasing solely for physical possession and risk exposure.
Intramolecular Aromatic Carbenoid Insertion of Biaryldiazoacetates for the Regioselective Synthesis of Fluorenes.
Kim J, Ohk Y, Park SH, Jung Y, Chang S.
Chem Asian J. 2011 May 12. doi: 10.1002/asia.201100142. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21567971
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Involving Cyclopropenes: Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of Medium-Sized Heterocyclic Scaffolds.
Miege F, Meyer C, Cossy J.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 May 12. doi: 10.1002/anie.201101220. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21567678
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Allylic C-H bond activation and functionalization mediated by tris(oxazolinyl)borato rhodium(i) and iridium(i) compounds.
Ho HA, Gray TS, Baird B, Ellern A, Sadow AD.
Dalton Trans. 2011 May 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21566811
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Inter- and intramolecular hydroacylation of alkenes employing a bifunctional catalyst system.
Vautravers NR, Regent DD, Breit B.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 May 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21566809
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Carbon Chain Growth by Formyl Insertion on Rhodium and Cobalt Catalysts in Syngas Conversion.
Zhao YH, Sun K, Ma X, Liu J, Sun D, Su HY, Li WX.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 May 6. doi: 10.1002/anie.201100735. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21557417
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, Characterisation and Application of Iridium(III) Photosensitisers for Catalytic Water Reduction.
Gärtner F, Cozzula D, Losse S, Boddien A, Anilkumar G, Junge H, Schulz T, Marquet N, Spannenberg A, Gladiali S, Beller M.
Chemistry. 2011 May 6. doi: 10.1002/chem.201100235. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21557356
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Analysis of Tertiary Phosphanes, Arsanes, and Stibanes as Bridging Ligands in Dinuclear Group 9 Complexes.
Schinzel S, Müller R, Riedel S, Werner H, Kaupp M.
Chemistry. 2011 May 9. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003438. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21557345
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Asymmetric hydrogenation of alkenes lacking coordinating groups.
Woodmansee DH, Pfaltz A.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 May 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21556431
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ionic Diamine Rhodium Complex Catalyzed Reductive N-Heterocyclization of 2-Nitrovinylarenes.
Alper H, Okuro K, Gurnham J.
J Org Chem. 2011 May 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21542601
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
trans-Carbonylchloridobis(ferrocenyldiphenylphosphane-?P)rhodium(I) dichloromethane monosolvate and trans-carbonylchloridobis(ferrocenyldiphenylphosphane-?P)iridium(I) dichloromethane monosolvate.
Muller A, Otto S.
Acta Crystallogr C. 2011 May;67(Pt 5):m165-8. Epub 2011 Apr 28.
PMID:
21540536
[PubMed - in process]
A Bifunctional Mechanism for Ethene Dimerization: Catalysis by Rhodium Complexes on Zeolite HY in the Absence of Halides.
Serna P, Gates BC.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Apr 29. doi: 10.1002/anie.201008086. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21538737
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Asymmetric polymerizations of chiral 4-benzyl-2-ethynyloxazoline with rhodium catalyst and chiroptical properties of the polymers.
Onimura K, Shintaku K, Rattanatraicharoen P, Yamabuki K, Oishi T.
Chirality. 2011 Apr 28. doi: 10.1002/chir.20959. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21538572
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Design and synthesis of new chiral phosphorus-olefin bidentate ligands and their use in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric addition of organoboroxines to N-sulfonyl imines.
Shintani R, Narui R, Tsutsumi Y, Hayashi S, Hayashi T.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 May 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21537505
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis and characterisation of group nine transition metal complexes containing new mesityl and naphthyl based azaindole scorpionate ligands.
Owen GR, Tsoureas N, Hope RF, Kuo YY, Haddow MF.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Apr 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21528139
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Screen-printed carbon electrodes modified by rhodium dioxide and glucose dehydrogenase.
Polan V, Soukup J, Vytras K.
Enzyme Res. 2011 Mar 3;2010:324184.
PMID:
21528113
[PubMed - in process]
Computationally Designed and Experimentally Confirmed Diastereoselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Pauson-Khand Reaction at Room Temperature.
Baik MH, Mazumder S, Ricci P, Sawyer JR, Song YG, Wang H, Evans PA.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Apr 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21524123
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
An Atom-Economic Synthesis of Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes by Rhodium N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Tandem Hetero-[5 + 2] Cycloaddition/Claisen Rearrangement Reaction of Vinylic Oxiranes with Alkynes.
Feng JJ, Zhang J.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 May 18;133(19):7304-7. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
PMID:
21524076
[PubMed - in process]
Supported Rhodium Oxide Nanoparticles as Highly Active CO Oxidation Catalysts.
Ligthart DA, van Santen RA, Hensen EJ.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Apr 20. doi: 10.1002/anie.201100190. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21509919
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Thermal diffusion of (57)Co into rhodium matrix as a second step in preparing Mössbauer sources.
Cieszykowska I, Zóltowska M, Zachariasz P, Piasecki A, Janiak T, Mielcarski M.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2011 Apr 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21507667
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodium-Catalyzed Branched-Selective Alkyne Hydroacylation: A Ligand-Controlled Regioselectivity Switch.
González-Rodríguez C, Pawley RJ, Chaplin AB, Thompson AL, Weller AS, Willis MC.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Apr 19. doi: 10.1002/anie.201100956. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21506226
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
levels for short and long term physical possession and to allow for exposure and controlled risk to industrial demand fluctuations reflected in the global rhodium price. Bars are manufactured and minted under written SOPs (standard operating procedures) to assure quality and consistency by American Elements' AE Metals™ custom synthesis and refining group. Besides rhodium bars, rhodium coins and rhodium Ingots may be purchased by funds, currency reserves, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), private investors, collectors and hobbyists to take direct physical title and possession of the metal with risk exposure from shortages or chemical/physical technology changes, such as in solar energy, and fuel cell developments, equivalent to movements in the industrial application price of Rhodium. American Elements offers bonded short and long term warehouse inventory services for AE Bullion™ coins to investors, funds and collectors who do not wish to take physical custody of the metal or lack secure storage or warehouse capabilities. The lowest possible bar unit price to Rhodium melt value ratio is maintained through state of the art mint and die systems and analytically certified blanks (planchet or flan) refined and pressed to exacting purity and weight. We also produce Rhodium as rod, pellets, powder, pieces, disc, granules, and wire, as nanoparticles and in compound forms, such as oxide. Rhodium Bars may be purchased in bulk or small quantity. Portfolios of different elemental metal bars or coins may also be structured and purchased from the AE Bullion™ group allowing for strategic risk allocation and indexing across a basket of metals.
Rhodium is a Block D, Group 9, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d8 5s1. In its elemental form rhodium's CAS number is 7440-16-6. The rhodium atom has a radius of 134.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Rhodium is not toxic. Rhodium is a member of the platinum group of metals. It has a higher melting point than platinum, but a lower density.
It is alloyed with platinum and palladium in electrodes for spark plugs, advanced laboratory
equipment and in thermocouples. Rhodium compounds also have catalytic uses in automotive catalytic converters. Rhodium is used as a plating metal in jewelry production to enhance the whiteness of white gold. Rhodium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Rhodium was first discovered by William Wollaston in 1803. The name Rhodium, originates from the Greek word 'Rhodon' which means rose. See Rhodium research below.
