Sodium Hexachlororhodate(III) Dodecahydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Sodium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is 2, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s1. In its elemental form sodium's CAS number is 7440-23-5. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8.pm and it's Van der Waalsradius is 227.pm. Sodium is not toxic but skin contact may cause irritation and burns. Sodium is primarily used in its metallic form in the production of chemical esters and in the manufacturing of various other organic compounds. The metal is used in the alloy of tin, nickel and copper for its structural characteristics. Sodium is availableas metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. High purity sodium compounds are used as reducing agents. Sodium compounds are used in low tech applications throughout industry. Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The name Sodium comes from the Latin word "natrium" which means sodium carbonate. See Sodium research below.
Rhodium is a Block D, Group 9, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d8 5s1. In its elemental form rhodium's CAS number is 7440-16-6. The rhodium atom has a radius of 134.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Rhodium is not toxic. Rhodium is a member of the platinum group of metals. It has a higher melting point than platinum, but a lower density.
It is alloyed with platinum and palladium in electrodes for spark plugs, advanced laboratory equipment and in thermocouples. Rhodium compounds also have catalytic uses in automotive catalytic converters. Rhodium is used as a plating metal in jewelry production to enhance the whiteness of white gold. Rhodium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Rhodium was first discovered by William Wollaston in 1803. The name Rhodium, originates from the Greek word 'Rhodon' which means rose. See Rhodium research below.
Natural history of Christianson syndrome.
Schroer RJ, Holden KR, Tarpey PS, Matheus MG, Griesemer DA, Friez MJ, Fan JZ, Simensen RJ, Strømme P, Stevenson RE, Stratton MR, Schwartz CE.
Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20949524 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Prevention of Selenite-Induced Cataractogenesis by an Ethanolic Extract of Cineraria maritima: An Experimental Evaluation of the Traditional Eye Medication.
Anitha TS, Annadurai T, Thomas PA, Geraldine P.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Oct 15. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20949376 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
NMR of heparin API: investigation of unidentified signals in the USP-specified range of 2.12-3.00 ppm.
Lee SE, Chess EK, Rabinow B, Ray GJ, Szabo CM, Melnick B, Miller RL, Nair LM, Moore EG.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Oct 15. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20949261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Domain-based identification and analysis of glutamate receptor ion channels and their relatives in prokaryotes.
Ger MF, Rendon G, Tilson JL, Jakobsson E.
PLoS One. 2010 Oct 6;5(10). pii: e12827.PMID: 20949136 [PubMed - in process]Free PMC ArticleRelated citations
[Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion Following Adjuvant CDDP and 5-FU Administration in a Patient with Esophageal Carcinoma.]
Horio T, Tsujimoto H, Akase T, Sakamoto N, Yaguchi Y, Hiraki S, Aiko S, Takechi H, Hase K, Maehara T.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2010 Oct;37(10):1945-1948. Japanese. PMID: 20948261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
[A Case of Esophageal Small Cell Carcinoma with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion.]
Kanzaki M, Muto Y, Yoshinouchi S, Maeda M, Miyoshi S, Teshima S.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2010 Oct;37(10):1941-1944. Japanese. PMID: 20948260 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Surgical Intrauterine Insemination with Cat Semen Cryopreserved with Orvus ES Paste or Sodium Lauryl Sulfate.
Tsutsui T, Mizutani T, Matsubara Y, Toyonaga M, Oba H, Hori T.
J Vet Med Sci. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20948170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Free ArticleRelated citations
Sodium and Potassium Balance Depends on {alpha}ENaC Expression in Connecting Tubule.
Christensen BM, Perrier R, Wang Q, Zuber AM, Maillard M, Mordasini D, Malsure S, Ronzaud C, Stehle JC, Rossier BC, Hummler E.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20947633 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Is epidural analgesia necessary after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy?
Kamiyoshihara M, Nagashima T, Ibe T, Atsumi J, Shimizu K, Takeyoshi I.
Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2010 Oct;18(5):464-8.PMID: 20947601 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper 1 stimulates the epithelial sodium channel by regulating serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 stability and subcellular localization.
Soundararajan R, Wang J, Melters D, Pearce D.
J Biol Chem. 2010 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20947508 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Free ArticleRelated citations
Development and application of a validated HPLC method for the analysis of dissolution samples of levothyroxine sodium drug products.
Collier JW, Shah RB, Bryant AR, Habib MJ, Khan MA, Faustino PJ.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010 Oct 12. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20947276 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Critical flux and chemical cleaning-in-place during the long-term operation of a pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment.
Wei CH, Huang X, Ben Aim R, Yamamoto K, Amy G.
Water Res. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20947121 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Induces Intrinsic Alterations in Na Channel Gating in Layer II Medial Entorhinal Cortex Neurons.
Hargus NJ, Merrick EC, Nigam A, Kalmar CL, Baheti AR, Bertram EH 3rd, Patel MK.
Neurobiol Dis. 2010 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20946956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Treatment of euvolemic hyponatremia in the intensive care unit by urea.
Decaux G, Andres C, Gankam Kengne F, Soupart A.
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Curcumin supplementation could improve diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction associated with decreased vascular superoxide production and PKC inhibition.
Rungseesantivanon S, Thenchaisri N, Ruangvejvorachai P, Patumraj S.
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Impaired sodium levels in the suprachiasmatic nucleus are associated with the formation of cardiovascular deficiency in sleep-deprived rats.
Chang HM, Mai FD, Lei SL, Ling YC.
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A seed high-lysine trait is negatively associated with the TCA cycle and slows down Arabidopsis seed germination.
Angelovici R, Fait A, Fernie AR, Galili G.
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A Highly Accurate and Consistent Microfluidic Viscometer for Continuous Blood Viscosity Measurement.
Kang YJ, Yoon SY, Lee KH, Yang S.
Artif Organs. 2010 Oct 14. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2010.01078.x. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20946281 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Comparative Study of Polymeric Stabilizers for Magnetite Nanoparticles Using ATRP.
Golas PL, Louie S, Lowry GV, Matyjaszewski K, Tilton RD.
Langmuir. 2010 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20945936 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
A Characterization of the Raman Modes in a J-Aggregate-Forming Dye: A Comparison between Theory and Experiment.
Coles DM, Meijer AJ, Tsoi WC, Charlton MD, Kim JS, Lidzey DG.
J Phys Chem A. 2010 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20945930 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Direct Access to Parent Amido Complexes of Rhodium and Iridium through N?H Activation of Ammonia.
Mena I, Casado MA, García-Orduña P, Polo V, Lahoz FJ, Fazal A, Oro LA.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 12. doi: 10.1002/anie.201104745. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21994125
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of ?- and ?-Enamido Phosphonates: Rhodium(I)/Monodentate Phosphoramidite Catalyst.
Zhang J, Li Y, Wang Z, Ding K.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 11. doi: 10.1002/anie.201104912. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21990114
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
An operando DRIFTS investigation into the resistance against CO(2) poisoning of a Rh/alumina catalyst during toluene hydrogenation.
Scalbert J, Meunier FC, Daniel C, Schuurman Y.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21989590
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rh(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Olefination of N-(1-Naphthyl)sulfonamides Using Activated and Unactivated Alkenes.
Li X, Gong X, Zhao M, Song G, Deng J, Li X.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21988638
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of Isochromene and Related Derivatives by Rhodium-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Benzyl and Allyl Alcohols with Alkynes.
Morimoto K, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M.
J Org Chem. 2011 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21988500
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Pyridine synthesis from oximes and alkynes via rhodium(iii) catalysis: Cp* and Cp(t) provide complementary selectivity.
Hyster TK, Rovis T.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21986995
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodium-catalyzed redox allylation reactions of ketones.
Williams FJ, Grote RE, Jarvo ER.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21984365
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Enantioselective Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulations of Aromatic Ketimines Induced by Directed C?H Activations.
Tran DN, Cramer N.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 4. doi: 10.1002/anie.201105766. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21976453
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Asymmetric N?H Insertion Reaction Cooperatively Catalyzed by Rhodium and Chiral Spiro Phosphoric Acids.
Xu B, Zhu SF, Xie XL, Shen JJ, Zhou QL.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 4. doi: 10.1002/anie.201105485. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21976452
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodium-Catalyzed Reaction of 1-Alkenylboronates with Aldehydes Leading to Allylation Products.
Shimizu H, Igarashi T, Miura T, Murakami M.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 4. doi: 10.1002/anie.201105148. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21976365
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Rhodium-Catalyzed Annulation of N-Benzoylsulfonamide with Isocyanide through C?H Activation.
Zhu C, Xie W, Falck JR.
Chemistry. 2011 Oct 4. doi: 10.1002/chem.201102475. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21972033
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
"Cofactor"-Controlled Enantioselective Catalysis.
Dydio P, Rubay C, Gadzikwa T, Lutz M, Reek JN.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21961536
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selective hydroformylation-hydrogenation tandem reaction of isoprene to 3-methylpentanal.
Behr A, Reyer S, Tenhumberg N.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21960209
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of ?,?-Disubstituted Aryl Amines by Rhodium-Catalyzed Amination of Tertiary Allylic Trichloroacetimidates.
Arnold JS, Cizio GT, Nguyen HM.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 21;13(20):5576-9. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
PMID:
21958228
[PubMed - in process]
Unravelling the Reaction Path of Rhodium-MonoPhos-Catalysed Olefin Hydrogenation.
Alberico E, Baumann W, de Vries JG, Drexler HJ, Gladiali S, Heller D, Henderickx HJ, Lefort L.
Chemistry. 2011 Sep 28. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101793. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21956660
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fluorous Hydrosilylation.
Carreira M, Contel M.
Top Curr Chem. 2011 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21952841
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The oxidative conversion of the N,S-bridged complexes [{RhLL'(?-X)}(2)] to [(RhLL')(3)(?-X)(2)](+) (X = mt or taz): a comparison with the oxidation of N,N-bridged analogues.
Blagg RJ, López-Gómez MJ, Charmant JP, Connelly NG, Cowell JJ, Haddow MF, Hamilton A, Orpen AG, Riis-Johannessen T, Saithong S.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21952645
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ligand Fluorination to Optimize Preferential Oxidation (PROX) of Carbon Monoxide by Water-Soluble Rhodium Porphyrins.
Biffinger JC, Uppaluri S, Sun H, Dimagno SG.
ACS Catal. 2011 May 18;1(7):764-771.
PMID:
21949596
[PubMed]
Rhodium-Catalyzed Intermolecular [2+2+2] Cross-Trimerization of Aryl Ethynyl Ethers and Carbonyl Compounds To Produce Dienyl Esters.
Miyauchi Y, Kobayashi M, Tanaka K.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Sep 21. doi: 10.1002/anie.201105519. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21948312
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Zinc-catalyzed allenylations of aldehydes and ketones.
Fandrick DR, Saha J, Fandrick KR, Sanyal S, Ogikubo J, Lee H, Roschangar F, Song JJ, Senanayake CH.
Org Lett. 2011 Oct 21;13(20):5616-9. Epub 2011 Sep 26.
PMID:
21942658
[PubMed - in process]