Ruthenium Selenide (RuSe) is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Ruthenium is a Block D, Group 8, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Ruthenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d7 5s1. In its elemental form ruthenium's CAS number is 7440-18-8. The ruthenium atom has a radius of 132.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4) is very toxic and Ruthenium in its elemental form is considered carcinogen. Ruthenium is member of the platinum group of metals. It is one of the most effective hardeners for platinum and palladium , and is alloyed with these metals to make electrical contacts for severe wear resistanant electronics and laboratory equipment. The corrosion resistance of titanium is improved a hundredfold by addition of 0.1% ruthenium. It is also a versatile catalyst. Hydrogensulfide can be split catalytically by light using an aqueous suspension of cadmiumsulfide particles loaded with ruthenium dioxide. It is also believed to have pharmacological applications. Ruthenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Ruthenium was first discovered by Karl Klaus in 1844. The name Ruthenium, originates from the Latin word 'Ruthenia' meaning Russia. See Ruthenium research below.
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
Carbene-based ruthenium photosensitizers.
Chen HS, Chang WC, Su C, Li TY, Hsu NM, Tingare YS, Li CY, Shie JH, Li WR.
Dalton Trans. 2011 May 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21597610
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The effects of jatrorrhizine on contractile responses of rat ileum.
Yuan J, Zhou J, Hu Z, Ji G, Xie J, Wu D.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 May 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21596029
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electron Mobility and Injection Dynamics in Mesoporous ZnO, SnO2, and TiO2 Films used in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.
Tiwana P, Docampo P, Johnston MB, Snaith HJ, Herz LM.
ACS Nano. 2011 May 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21595483
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Stoichiometric photoisomerization of mononuclear ruthenium(II) monoaquo complexes controlling redox properties and water oxidation catalysis.
Yamazaki H, Hakamata T, Komi M, Yagi M.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 May 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21595472
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Enhancements in travelling wave ion mobility resolution.
Giles K, Williams JP, Campuzano I.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Jun 15;25(11):1559-66. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5013.
PMID:
21594930
[PubMed - in process]
Design and Development of Functionalized Cyclometalated Ruthenium Chromophores for Light-Harvesting Applications.
Robson KC, Koivisto BD, Yella A, Sporinova B, Nazeeruddin MK, Baumgartner T, Gra?tzel M, Berlinguette CP.
Inorg Chem. 2011 May 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21591799
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electropolymerization of a Ruthenium(II) Bis(pyrazolyl)pyridine Complex to Form a Novel Ru-Containing Conducting Metallopolymer.
Zhu XJ, Holliday BJ.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2010 May 12;31(9-10):904-9. doi: 10.1002/marc.200900902. Epub 2010 Apr 6.
PMID:
21590986
[PubMed - in process]
Dual emission from highly conjugated 2,2':6':2?-terpyridine complexes-a potential route to white emitters.
Siebert R, Winter A, Dietzek B, Schubert US, Popp J.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2010 May 12;31(9-10):883-8. doi: 10.1002/marc.200900894. Epub 2010 Mar 19.
PMID:
21590983
[PubMed - in process]
?-Conjugated Donor and Donor-Acceptor Metallo-Polymers.
Wild A, Schlütter F, Pavlov GM, Friebe C, Festag G, Winter A, Hager MD, Cimrová V, Schubert US.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2010 May 12;31(9-10):868-74. doi: 10.1002/marc.200900889. Epub 2010 Apr 16.
PMID:
21590981
[PubMed - in process]
Shape-Persistent, Truxene-Based, Nano-Sized Bisterpyridine Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties.
Wang JL, Chan YT, Moorefield CN, Pei J, Modarelli DA, Romano NC, Newkome GR.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2010 May 12;31(9-10):850-5. doi: 10.1002/marc.200900874. Epub 2010 Mar 19.
PMID:
21590978
[PubMed - in process]
Preparation of hexacoordinating benzimidazole containing ligand and hexakis(benzimidazole-ruthenium(ii)) complex. Molecular structure of C(6){CH(2)-(N-benzimidazole-RuCl(2)(p-cymene))}(6).
Pozgan F, Toupet L, Dixneuf PH.
Dalton Trans. 2011 May 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21589963
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Preparation of secondary and tertiary amines from nitroarenes and alcohols.
Lee CC, Liu ST.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 May 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21589955
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Reactivity, photolability, and computational studies of the ruthenium nitrosyl complex with a substituted cyclam fac-[Ru(NO)Cl(2)(?(3)N(4),N(8),N(11)(1-carboxypropyl)cyclam)]Cl·H(2)O.
Doro FG, Pepe IM, Galembeck SE, Carlos RM, da Rocha ZN, Bertotti M, Tfouni E.
Dalton Trans. 2011 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21584321
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Acidosis environment promotes osteoclast formation by acting on the last phase of preosteoclast differentiation: A study to elucidate the action points of acidosis and search for putative target molecules.
Kato K, Morita I.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 May 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21575626
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mast-cell degranulation induced by physical stimuli involves the activation of Transient-Receptor-Potential Channel TRPV2.
Zhang D, Spielmann A, Wang L, Ding G, Huang F, Gu Q, Schwarz W.
Physiol Res. 2011 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21574765
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Protonolysis of a Ruthenium-Carbene Bond and Applications in Olefin Metathesis.
Keitz BK, Bouffard J, Bertrand G, Grubbs RH.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21574621
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Quinolines Using Phosphine-Free Chiral Cationic Ruthenium Catalysts: Scope, Mechanism, and Origin of Enantioselectivity.
Wang T, Zhuo LG, Li Z, Chen F, Ding Z, He Y, Fan QH, Xiang JF, Yu ZX, Chan AS.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21574550
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis of Highly Stable 1,3-Diaryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidenes and their Applications in Ruthenium-Catalyzed Olefin Metathesis.
Bouffard J, Keitz BK, Tonner R, Lavallo V, Guisado-Barrios G, Frenking G, Grubbs RH, Bertrand G.
Organometallics. 2011 Mar 9;30(9):2617-2627.
PMID:
21572542
[PubMed]
Synthesis, cellular uptake, apopotosis, cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, interaction with DNA and antioxidant activity of ruthenium(II) complexes.
Huang HL, Li ZZ, Liang ZH, Yao JH, Liu YJ.
Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21570748
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Cellular Uptake, Cell Cycle Arrest, Photocleavage, and Antioxidant Activity of 1, 10-Phenanthroline Ruthenium(II) Complexes.
Liu YJ, Li ZZ, Liang ZH, Yao JH, Huang HL.
DNA Cell Biol. 2011 May 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21568758
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Toenail selenium status and the risk of Barrett's esophagus: the Netherlands Cohort Study.
Steevens J, Schouten LJ, Driessen AL, Huysentruyt CJ, Keulemans YC, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2010 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936529 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Promotion of Growth in Mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) by Selenium is Associated with Stimulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism.
Malik JA, Kumar S, Thakur P, Sharma S, Kaur N, Kaur R, Pathania D, Bhandhari K, Kaushal N, Singh K, Srivastava A, Nayyar H.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Oct 9. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936436 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Transition metal chemistry of cyclodiphosphanes containing phosphine and amide-phosphine functionalities: Formation of a stable dipalladium(II) complex containing a Pd-P s-bond.
Balakrishna MS, Venkateswaran R, Mague JT.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936211 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Associations between blood metals and fecundity among women residing in New York State.
Bloom MS, Louis GM, Sundaram R, Kostyniak PJ, Jain J.
Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933593 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
The protective role of selenium in recalcitrant Acer saccharium L. seeds subjected to desiccation.
Pukacka S, Ratajczak E, Kalemba E.
J Plant Physiol. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933296 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Trace element concentrations in nesting flatback turtles (Natator depressus) from Curtis Island, Queensland, Australia.
Ikonomopoulou MP, Olszowy H, Limpus C, Francis R, Whittier J.
Mar Environ Res. 2010 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Correlation between serum selenium level and febrile seizures.
Mahyar A, Ayazi P, Fallahi M, Javadi A.
Pediatr Neurol. 2010 Nov;43(5):331-4.PMID: 20933176 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Anti-Tumor Activity of Aloe vera Against DMBA/Croton Oil-Induced Skin Papillomagenesis in Swiss Albino Mice.
Saini M, Goyal PK, Chaudhary G.
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2010;29(2):127-35.PMID: 20932247 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Aluminosilicate Relatives: Chalcogenoaluminogermanates Rb(3)(AlQ(2))(3)(GeQ(2))(7) (Q = S, Se).
Rothenberger A, Shafaei-Fallah M, Kanatzidis MG.
Inorg Chem. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20932019 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
A Nutrient Approach to Prostate Cancer Prevention: The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT).
Dunn BK, Richmond ES, Minasian LM, Ryan AM, Ford LG.
Nutr Cancer. 2010 Oct;62(7):896-918.PMID: 20924966 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Serum levels of selenium in patients with breast cancer before and after treatment of external beam radiotherapy.
Franca CA, Nogueira CR, Ramalho A, Carvalho AC, Vieira SL, Penna AB.
Ann Oncol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20924074 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Kenji Soda--researching enzymes with the spirit of an alpinist.
Yoshimura T, Mihara H, Ohshima T, Tanizawa K.
J Biochem. 2010 Oct;148(4):371-9.PMID: 20924059 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Inhibitory effect of arsenic on aerobic gut flora in rat.
Choudhry ZK, Misbahuddin M, Hosain AK, Saleh AA.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2009 Dec;35(3):79-83.PMID: 20922909 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
[Endemic and biogeochemical features of the territory of Chuvash Republic]
[No authors listed]
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2010;(8):40-6. Russian. PMID: 20922843 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Interaction of uranyl with Se(IV) and Se(VI) in aqueous acid solutions by means of capillary electrophoresis.
Sladkov V.
Electrophoresis. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20922762 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Ensemble Modeling Coupled with Six Element Concentrations in Human Blood for Cancer Diagnosis.
Chen H, Tan C, Wu T.
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Use of dietary vitamin E and selenium (Se) to increase the shelf life of modified atmosphere packaged light lamb meat.
Ripoll G, Joy M, Muñoz F.
Meat Sci. 2010 Sep 18. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20920835 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Impacts of maternal selenium and nutritional level on growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in female offspring in sheep.
Vonnahme KA, Luther JS, Reynolds LP, Hammer CJ, Carlson DB, Redmer DA, Caton JS.
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Mutations disrupting selenocysteine formation cause progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy.
Agamy O, Ben Zeev B, Lev D, Marcus B, Fine D, Su D, Narkis G, Ofir R, Hoffmann C, Leshinsky-Silver E, Flusser H, Sivan S, Söll D, Lerman-Sagie T, Birk OS.
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Developmental toxicity of selenium to Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma).
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Ruthenium Selenide (RuSe) is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement. 
Ruthenium is a Block D, Group 8, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Ruthenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d7 5s1. In its elemental form ruthenium's CAS number is 7440-18-8. The ruthenium atom has a radius of 132.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4) is very toxic and Ruthenium in its elemental form is considered carcinogen. Ruthenium is member of the platinum group of metals. It is one of the most effective hardeners for platinum and palladium , and is alloyed with these metals to make electrical contacts for severe wear resistanant 
electronics and laboratory equipment. The corrosion resistance of titanium is improved a
hundredfold by addition of 0.1% ruthenium. It is also a versatile catalyst. Hydrogen sulfide can be split catalytically by light using an aqueous suspension of cadmium sulfide particles loaded with ruthenium dioxide. It is also believed to have pharmacological applications. Ruthenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Ruthenium was first discovered by Karl Klaus in 1844. The name Ruthenium, originates from the Latin word 'Ruthenia' meaning Russia. See Ruthenium research below. 
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide 
is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as 
well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
