American Elements specializes in producing high purity uniform shaped Silver/Gold Hollow Spheres with the highest possible density and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Our standard Slug sizes range from 1/8" x 1/8" to 1/4" x 1/4" and 3 mm diameter. We can also provide Sphere outside this range for ultra high puritythin film applications, such as fuel cells and solar energy layers. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Silver as rod, ingot, powder, pieces, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
Silver is a Block D, Group 11, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Silver's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr]4d10 5s1. In its elemental form silver's CAS number is 7440-22-4. The silver atom has a radius of 144.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 144.pm. Silver is not toxic although most silver salts are poisonous. Silver has a brilliant white metallic luster. It is a little harder than gold and is very ductile and malleable, being exceeded only by gold and perhaps palladium. Pure silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of all metals, and possesses the lowest contact resistance. It is stable in pure air and water, but tarnishes when exposed to ozone, hydrogen sulfide, or air containing sulfur. Silver nitrate has wide application in painting, xerography, chemical electroplating, in components for electric batteries and in medicine as catalyst. Silver chloride is another important compound, due to its ductility and malleability. The organic compounds of the element are used in the coating of several metals and in dynamite or other explosive bars. Metallic silver is used as a catalyst of several oxidation reactions such as those of ethanol and other alcohols. Silver is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Silver was first discovered by Early Man. Silver was named after the Anglo-Saxon word "seolfor" or "siolfur" meaning 'silver'. See Silver research below.
Gold is a Block D, Group 11, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Gold's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f142 5d10 6s1. In its elemental form gold's CAS number is 7440-57-5. The gold atom has a radius of 144.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 166.pm. Gold is not toxic. Gold is a soft metal and is usually alloyed to give it more strength. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity, and is unaffected by air and most reagents. It is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems. It is also extensively used for jewelry, dental work, and for plating It is used for coating certain space satellites, as it is a good reflector of infrared and is inert. One area that has seen significant growth is the use of gold in electronics, particularly within telecommunications, information technology and safety critical applications. Similarly, within computers there are usually gold-plated edge connectors. Gold bonding wires are used extensively within semiconductor packages, gold thick film inks are applied in the fabrication of hybrid circuits and gold's excellent solder wetting properties are used to form a very thin protective layer on copper laminate printed circuit boards. Gold was first discovered by Early Man c.a. 3000. The element name originated from the Latin word 'aurum' meaning gold. See Gold research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Contemporary management of lymph node metastases from an unknown primary to the neck: II. A review of therapeutic options.
Strojan P, Ferlito A, Langendijk JA, Corry J, Woolgar JA, Rinaldo A, Silver CE, Paleri V, Fagan JJ, Pellitteri PK, Haigentz M Jr, Suárez C, Robbins KT, Rodrigo JP, Olsen KD, Hinni ML, Werner JA, Mondin V, Kowalski LP, Devaney KO, de Bree R, Takes RP, Wolf GT, Shaha AR, Genden EM, Barnes L.
Head Neck. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1002/hed.21899. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22034062
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Contemporary management of lymph node metastases from an unknown primary to the neck: I. A review of diagnostic approaches.
Strojan P, Ferlito A, Medina JE, Woolgar JA, Rinaldo A, Robbins KT, Fagan JJ, Mendenhall WM, Paleri V, Silver CE, Olsen KD, Corry J, Suárez C, Rodrigo JP, Langendijk JA, Devaney KO, Kowalski LP, Hartl DM, Haigentz M Jr, Werner JA, Pellitteri PK, de Bree R, Wolf GT, Takes RP, Genden EM, Hinni ML, Mondin V, Shaha AR, Barnes L.
Head Neck. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1002/hed.21898. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22034046
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Feeding deterrent activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles using Manilkara zapota leaf extract against the house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae).
Kamaraj C, Rajakumar G, Rahuman AA, Velayutham K, Bagavan A, Zahir AA, Elango G.
Parasitol Res. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033735
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The magnet® model: an infrastructure for excellence.
Luzinski C.
J Nurs Adm. 2011 Nov;41(11):441-2.
PMID:
22033310
[PubMed - in process]
Surface tunability of nanoparticles in modulating platelet functions.
Deb S, Raja SO, Dasgupta AK, Sarkar R, Chattopadhyay AP, Chaudhuri U, Guha P, Sardar P.
Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22033068
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bio-based nanocomposite coating to preserve quality of Fior di latte cheese.
Gammariello D, Conte A, Buonocore GG, Del Nobile MA.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5298-304.
PMID:
22032352
[PubMed - in process]
European ban on stem-cell patents has a silver lining.
Callaway E.
Nature. 2011 Oct 24;478(7370):441. doi: 10.1038/478441a. No abstract available.
PMID:
22031415
[PubMed - in process]
Use of atorvastatin in systemic lupus erythematosus in children and adolescents.
Schanberg LE, Sandborg C, Barnhart HX, Ardoin SP, Yow E, Evans GW, Mieszkalski KL, Ilowite NT, Eberhard A, Imundo LF, Kimura Y, von Scheven E, Silverman E, Bowyer SL, Punaro L, Singer NG, Sherry DD, McCurdy D, Klein-Gitelman M, Wallace C, Silver R, Wagner-Weiner L, Higgins GC, Brunner HI, Jung L, Soep JB, Reed AM, Provenzale J, Thompson SD; for the APPLE investigators..
Arthritis Rheum. 2011 Oct 26. doi: 10.1002/art.30645. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22031171
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Biomimetic synthesis of chiral erbium-doped silver/peptide/silica core-shell nanoparticles (ESPN).
Mantion A, Graf P, Florea I, Haase A, Thünemann AF, Masic A, Ersen O, Rabu P, Meier W, Luch A, Taubert A.
Nanoscale. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22031101
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effect of tetracycline on the bond performance of etch-and-rinse adhesives to dentin.
Stanislawczuk R, Costa JA, Polli LG, Reis A, Loguercio AD.
Braz Oral Res. 2011 Oct;25(5):459-65.
PMID:
22031061
[PubMed - in process]
Measuring quality of life in cleft lip and palate patients: currently available patient-reported outcomes measures.
Eckstein DA, Wu RL, Akinbiyi T, Silver L, Taub PJ.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Nov;128(5):518e-26e.
PMID:
22030513
[PubMed - in process]
A systematic review of silver-containing dressings and topical silver agents (used with dressings) for burn wounds.
Aziz Z, Abu SF, Chong NJ.
Burns. 2011 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22030441
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
CTSA-IP: A Solution to Identifying and Aggregating Intellectual Property across the NIH Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA) Consortium of Biomedical Research Institutes.
Hazard M, Steele S, Wang D, Pearson T, Scheideler M, Dewhurst S.
Clin Transl Sci. 2011 Oct;4(5):328-331. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00308.x.
PMID:
22029803
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Use of Fluorescent DNA-Templated Gold/Silver Nanoclusters for the Detection of Sulfide Ions.
Chen WY, Lan GY, Chang HT.
Anal Chem. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22029551
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
What Point-of-Use Water Treatment Products Do Consumers Use? Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial among the Urban Poor in Bangladesh.
Luoto J, Najnin N, Mahmud M, Albert J, Islam MS, Luby S, Unicomb L, Levine DI.
PLoS One. 2011;6(10):e26132. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
PMID:
22028817
[PubMed - in process]
Correction: circulating soluble endoglin levels in pregnant women in cameroon and Malawi-associations with placental malaria and fetal growth restriction.
Silver KL, Conroy AL, Leke RG, Leke RJ, Gwanmesia P, Molyneux ME, Wallace Taylor D, Rogerson SJ, Kain KC.
PLoS One. 2011;6(10). doi: 10.1371/annotation/e9946f72-821d-45ea-bcd4-3fa3ff89a5fe. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
PMID:
22028764
[PubMed - in process]
Fc receptor-like 5 promotes B cell proliferation and drives the development of cells displaying switched isotypes.
Dement-Brown J, Newton CS, Ise T, Damdinsuren B, Nagata S, Tolnay M.
J Leukoc Biol. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22028333
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Colorimetric detection of copper ions in tap water during the synthesis of silver/dopamine nanoparticles.
Ma YR, Niu HY, Zhang XL, Cai YQ.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Oct 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22027901
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Measuring and manipulating subjective organization after traumatic brain injury.
Parente R, Demott E, Johnson C, Jennings P, Silver R.
NeuroRehabilitation. 2011 Jan 1;29(2):117-24.
PMID:
22027072
[PubMed - in process]
Development of a Histidine-Targeted Spectrophotometric Sensor Using Ni(II)NTA Functionalized Au and Ag Nanoparticles.
Swartz JD, Gulka CP, Haselton FR, Wright DW.
Langmuir. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22026818
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Highly Active Catalysts of Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous LaFeO(3) for Soot Oxidation.
Wei Y, Liu J, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Xu C, Duan A, Jiang G, He H.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Mar 1;50(10):2326-9. doi: 10.1002/anie.201006014. Epub 2011 Feb 3. No abstract available.
PMID:
21351346
[PubMed - in process]
Detection of Enzyme Activity through Catalytic Signal Amplification with Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles.
Bonomi R, Cazzolaro A, Sansone A, Scrimin P, Prins LJ.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Mar 1;50(10):2307-12. doi: 10.1002/anie.201007389. Epub 2011 Jan 31. No abstract available.
PMID:
21351342
[PubMed - in process]
Charge State of Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Titania under Oxygen Pressure.
Porsgaard S, Jiang P, Borondics F, Wendt S, Liu Z, Bluhm H, Besenbacher F, Salmeron M.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Mar 1;50(10):2266-9. doi: 10.1002/anie.201005377. Epub 2011 Feb 3. No abstract available.
PMID:
21351333
[PubMed - in process]
What does validation of cases in electronic record databases mean? The potential contribution of free text.
Nicholson A, Tate AR, Koeling R, Cassell JA.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2011 Mar;20(3):321-4. doi: 10.1002/pds.2086. Epub 2011 Jan 18.
PMID:
21351316
[PubMed - in process]
Magnetic resonance imaging is appropriate for determining the osteotomy plane for appendicular osteosarcoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Han G, Wang Y, Bi WZ, Wang DJ, Lu SB, Zhang L, Zhao B.
Med Oncol. 2011 Feb 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21350876
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Real-time PCR assay and a synthetic positive control for the rapid and sensitive detection of the emerging resistance gene New Delhi Metallo-ß-lactamase-1 (bla (NDM-1)).
Krüttgen A, Razavi S, Imöhl M, Ritter K.
Med Microbiol Immunol. 2011 Feb 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21350860
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Shock-induced breaking in the gold nanowire with the influence of defects and strain rates.
Wang F, Gao Y, Zhu T, Zhao J.
Nanoscale. 2011 Feb 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21350764
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Adjuvants to the treatment of acute cerebral insufficiency in newborns.]
Shmakov AN, Kasymov VA, Kokhno VN.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2011;111(2):60-63. Russian.
PMID:
21350426
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The s3- ion is stable in geological fluids at elevated temperatures and pressures.
Pokrovski GS, Dubrovinsky LS.
Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1052-4.
PMID:
21350173
[PubMed - in process]
Validity and Reliability of Two Abbreviated Versions of the Gross Motor Function Measure.
Brunton LK, Bartlett DJ.
Phys Ther. 2011 Feb 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21350032
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Are interferon-{gamma} release assays useful for active tuberculosis in a high-burden setting?
Ling DI, Pai M, Davids V, Brunet L, Lenders L, Meldau R, Calligaro G, Allwood B, van Zyl-Smit R, Peter J, Bateman E, Dawson R, Dheda K.
Eur Respir J. 2011 Feb 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349910
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Congenital and neonatal varicella: impact of the national varicella vaccination programme in Australia.
Khandaker G, Marshall H, Peadon E, Zurynski Y, Burgner D, Buttery J, Gold M, Nissen M, Elliott EJ, Burgess M, Booy R.
Arch Dis Child. 2011 Feb 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349886
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Translation and validation of Brief Edinburgh Depression Scale (BEDS) in French.
Rhondali W, Perceau E, Saltel P, Girard R, Filbet M.
Bull Cancer. 2011 Feb 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349800
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Non-invasive modalities for predicting lymph node spread in early stage endometrial cancer?
Loubeyre P, Undurraga M, Bodmer A, Petignat P.
Surg Oncol. 2011 Feb 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349702
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Raman spectroelectrochemical study of Meldola blue, adsorbed and electropolymerized at a gold electrode.
Mazeikiene R, Niaura G, Eicher-Lorka O, Malinauskas A.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Feb 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349529
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Carbohydrate-directed synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles: effect of the structure of carbohydrates and reducing agents on the size and morphology of the composites.
Shervani Z, Yamamoto Y.
Carbohydr Res. 2011 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349499
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Development of a real-time RT-PCR assay for detection of resistance to oseltamivir in influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism probes.
Wong S, Pabbaraju K, Wong A, Fonseca K, Drews SJ.
J Virol Methods. 2011 Feb 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349290
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Green synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles in chemically modified chitosan matrices.
Tiwari AD, Mishra AK, Mishra SB, Arotiba OA, Mamba B.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2011 Feb 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349281
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Gold kiwifruit ( Actinidia chinensis 'Hort16A') for immune support.
Skinner MA, Loh JM, Hunter DC, Zhang J.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2011 Feb 24:1-5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349229
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tackling Ebola: new insights into prophylactic and therapeutic intervention strategies.
de Wit E, Feldmann H, Munster VJ.
Genome Med. 2011 Jan 27;3(1):5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21349211
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Proud sponsors of Aeromat 2012. Please join us and our customers & co-sponsors Boeing and ATI on
June 18-20, 2012
in Charlotte, North Carolina
Silver is a Block D, Group 11, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Silver's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Kr]4d10 5s1. In its elemental form silver's CAS number is 7440-22-4. The silver atom has a radius of 144.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 144.pm. Silver is not toxic although most silver salts are poisonous. Silver has a brilliant white metallic luster. It is a little harder than gold and is very ductile and malleable, being exceeded only by gold and perhaps palladium. Pure silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of all metals, 
and possesses the lowest contact resistance. It is stable in pure air and water, but tarnishes when 
exposed to ozone, hydrogen sulfide, or air containing sulfur. Silver nitrate has wide application in painting, xerography, chemical electroplating, in components for electric batteries and in medicine as catalyst. Silver chloride is another important compound, due to its ductility and malleability. The organic compounds of the element are used in the coating of several metals and in dynamite or other explosive bars. Metallic silver is used as a catalyst of several oxidation reactions such as those of ethanol and other alcohols. Silver is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Silver was first discovered by Early Man. Silver was named after the Anglo-Saxon word "seolfor" or "siolfur" meaning 'silver'. See Silver research below.
Gold is a Block D, Group 11, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Gold's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f142 5d10 6s1. In its elemental form gold's CAS number is 7440-57-5. The gold atom has a radius of 144.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 166.pm. Gold is not toxic. Gold is a soft metal and is usually alloyed to give it more strength. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity, and is unaffected by air and most reagents. It is used in coinage and is a standard for monetary systems. It is also extensively used for jewelry, dental work, 
and for plating It is used for coating certain space satellites, as it 
is a good reflector of infrared and is inert. One area that has seen significant growth is the use of gold in electronics, particularly within telecommunications, information technology and safety critical applications. Similarly, within computers there are usually gold-plated edge connectors. Gold bonding wires are used extensively within semiconductor packages, gold thick film inks are applied in the fabrication of hybrid circuits and gold's excellent solder wetting properties are used to form a very thin protective layer on copper laminate printed circuit boards. Gold was first discovered by Early Man c.a. 3000. The element name originated from the Latin word 'aurum' meaning gold. See Gold research below. 
