Samarium
Nitrate is a highly water soluble crystalline Samarium source for uses compatible with nitrates and lower (acidic) pH. Nitrate compounds are generally soluble in water. Nitrate materials are also oxidizing agents. When mixed with hydrocarbons, nitrate compounds can form a flammable mixture. Nitrates are excellent precursors for production of ultra high purity compounds and certain catalyst and nanoscale(nanoparticles and nanopowders) materials. All metallic nitrates are inorganic salts of a given metal cation and the nitrate anion. The nitrate anion is a univalent (-1 charge) polyatomic ion composed of a single nitrogen atom ionically bound to three oxygen atoms (Symbol: NO3) for a total formula weight of 62.05. Samarium is used in laser applications and for its dielectric properties and in filter glass on Nd:YAG solid state lasers. It forms stable titanate compounds with useful dielectric properties. Samarium Nitrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards. Nanoscale (See also Nanotechnology Information and Quantum Dots) elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered. We also produce Samarium Nitrate Solution.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Samarium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Samarium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f6 6s2. In its elemental form samarium's CAS number is 7440-19-9. The samarium atom has a radius of 180.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Samarium is somewhat toxic. Samarium is primarily utilized in the production of samarium-cobalt (Sm2Co17) permanent magnets. Samarium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is also used in laser applications and for its dielectric properties. Samarium-cobalt magnets replaced the more expensive platinum-cobalt magnets in the early 1970s. While now overshadowed by the less expensive neodymium-iron-boron magnet, they are still valued for their ability to function at high temperatures. They are utilized in lightweight electronic equipment where size or space is a limiting factor and where functionality at high temperature is a concern. Applications include electronic watches, aeospace equipment, microwave technology and servomotors. Because of its weak spectral absorption band samarium is used in the filter glass on Nd:YAG solid state lasers to surround the laser rod to improve efficiency by absorbing stray emissions. Samarium was first discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1879. Samarium is named after the mineral samarskite. See Samarium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Selective separation of samarium(III) by synergistic extraction with ß-diketone and methylphenylphenanthroline carboxamide.
Hasegawa Y, Tamaki S, Yajima H, Hashimoto B, Yaita T.
Talanta. 2011 Sep 15;85(3):1543-8. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
PMID:
21807220
[PubMed - in process]
Integral Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Spiro-norlignan, Sequosempervirin A: Revision of Absolute Configuration.
Ito Y, Takahashi K, Nagase H, Honda T.
Org Lett. 2011 Aug 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21805972
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Interactions between metal ions and carbohydrates. Syntheses and spectroscopic studies of several lanthanide nitrate-d-galactitol complexes.
Yu L, Hua X, Pan Q, Yang L, Xu Y, Zhao G, Wang H, Wang H, Wu J, Liu K, Chen J.
Carbohydr Res. 2011 Jun 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21784418
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Chemical synthesis and evaluation of 17a-alkylated derivatives of estradiol as inhibitors of steroid sulfatase.
Fournier D, Poirier D.
Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Jun 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21782294
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Concise Syntheses of Strychnine and Englerin A: the Power of Reductive Cyclizations Triggered by Samarium Iodide.
Szostak M, Procter DJ.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Jul 20. doi: 10.1002/anie.201103128. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21780264
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Preparation and Quality Control of the [Sm]-Samarium Maltolate Complex as a Lanthanide Mobilization Product in Rats.
Naseri Z, Hakimi A, Jalilian AR, Nemati Kharat A, Bahrami-Samani A, Ghannadi-Maragheh M.
Sci Pharm. 2011 Jun;79(2):265-275. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
PMID:
21773065
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis and characterization of heterobimetallic oxo-bridged aluminum-rare Earth metal complexes.
Hao J, Li J, Cui C, Roesky HW.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Aug 15;50(16):7453-9. Epub 2011 Jul 15.
PMID:
21761836
[PubMed - in process]
Novel Supramolecular Assemblies Based on Coordination of Samarium Cation to Cucurbit[5]uril.
Chen K, Liang LL, Zhang YQ, Zhu QJ, Xue SF, Tao Z.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Aug 15;50(16):7754-60. Epub 2011 Jul 15.
PMID:
21761833
[PubMed - in process]
Total Synthesis of 10-Isocyano-4-cadinene and Its Stereoisomers and Evaluations of Antifouling Activities.
Nishikawa K, Nakahara H, Shirokura Y, Nogata Y, Yoshimura E, Umezawa T, Okino T, Matsuda F.
J Org Chem. 2011 Jul 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21755975
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tris[6-meth-oxy-2-(phenyl-iminiometh-yl)phenolato]-?O,O';?O-tris-(thio-cyanato-?N)samarium(III).
Ge GD, Shen JB, Zhao GL.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Jun 1;67(Pt 6):m706-7. Epub 2011 May 7.
PMID:
21754608
[PubMed]
{µ-6,6'-Dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(nitrilo-methanylyl-idene)]di-phenolato}dimethano-ltrinitrato-samarium(III)zinc(II) methanol disolvate.
Liu F, Zhang F.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 May 1;67(Pt 5):m525. Epub 2011 Apr 7.
PMID:
21754267
[PubMed]
Samarium Diiodide Induced Cyclizations of ?-, d- and e-Indolyl Ketones: Reductive Coupling, Intermolecular Trapping, and Subsequent Transformations of Indolines.
Beemelmanns C, Lentz D, Reissig HU.
Chemistry. 2011 Jul 8. doi: 10.1002/chem.201100981. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21744405
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
177Lu-Labeled methylene diphosphonate.
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2011.
2011 May 24 [updated 2011 Jun 30].
PMID:
21735586
[PubMed]
Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain.
Roqué I Figuls M, Martinez-Zapata MJ, Scott-Brown M, Alonso-Coello P.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jul 6;(7):CD003347. Review.
PMID:
21735393
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Cubic and doubly-fused cubic samarium clusters from Sm(ii)-mediated reduction of organic azides and azobenzenes.
Pan CL, Chen W, Su S, Pan YS, Wang J.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 21;40(31):7941-5. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
PMID:
21717024
[PubMed - in process]
ACR-ASTRO Practice Guideline for the Performance of Therapy With Unsealed Radiopharmaceutical Sources.
Henkin RE, Del Rowe JD, Grigsby PW, Hartford AC, Jadvar H, Macklis RM, Parker JA, Wong JY, Rosenthal SA.
Clin Nucl Med. 2011 Aug;36(8):e72-e80.
PMID:
21716005
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis and molecular structure of piperazidine-bridged bis(phenolate) samarium(ii) complex and its reactivity to carbodiimides.
Du Z, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Shen Q.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 7;40(29):7639-44. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
PMID:
21701733
[PubMed - in process]
Theoretical Treatment of Redox Processes Involving Lanthanide(II) Compounds: Reactivity of Organosamarium(II) and Organothulium(II) Complexes with CO(2) and Pyridine.
Labouille S, Nief F, Maron L.
J Phys Chem A. 2011 Jul 28;115(29):8295-8301. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
PMID:
21675778
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
177Lu-Labeled ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid.
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2011.
2011 Apr 28 [updated 2011 May 26].
PMID:
21656987
[PubMed]
[170Tm]-Labeled ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid.
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2011.
2011 Apr 27 [updated 2011 May 26].
PMID:
21656985
[PubMed]
Material Safety Data Sheet
1 Identification of substance
Product details
Trade name Samarium nitrate
2 Composition/Data on components:
Chemical characterization: Designation: (CAS#)
Samarium nitrate, hexahydrate (CAS# 13759-83-6), 100%
Identification number(s):
EINECS Number: 233-796-5
3 Hazards identification
Hazard designation:
Xi Irritant
O Oxidising
Information pertaining to particular dangers for man and environment
R 8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R 36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
4 First aid measures
After inhalation
Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptoms persist.
Seek immediate medical advice.
After skin contact
Instantly wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.
Seek immediate medical advice.
After eye contact
Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Then consult doctor.
After swallowing Seek immediate medical advice.
Information for doctor
The following symptoms may occur:
Dazed
Cramp
Gastric or intestinal trouble
5 Fire fighting measures
Suitable extinguishing agents
CO2, extinguishing powder or water jet. Fight larger fires with water jet.
Special hazards caused by the material, its products of combustion or flue gases:
This substance is an oxidizer and its heat of reaction with reducing agents or combustibles may cause ignition.
Can be released in case of fire:
Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
Protective equipment:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Wear full protective suit.
Measures for environmental protection:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Measures for cleaning/collecting: Ensure adequate ventilation.
Additional information:
See Section 7 for information on safe handling
See section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
See Section 13 for information on disposal.
7 Handling and storage
Handling
Information for safe handling:
Keep containers tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
Ensure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.
Information about protection against explosions and fires:
Substance/product can reduce the ignition temperature of flammable substances.
This substance is an oxidizer and its heat of reaction with reducing agents or combustibles may cause ignition.
Storage
Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers:
No special requirements.
Information about storage in one common storage facility:
Store away from flammable substances.
Store away from reducing agents.
Further information about storage conditions:
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
8 Exposure controls and personal protection
Additional information about design of technical systems:
Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and having an average face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.
Components with critical values that require monitoring at the workplace:
Not required.
Additional information: No data
Personal protective equipment
General protective and hygienic measures
The usual precautionary measures should be adhered to in handling the chemicals.
Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and food.
Instantly remove any soiled and impregnated garments.
Wash hands during breaks and at the end of the work.
Avoid contact with the eyes and skin.
Breathing equipment: Use breathing protection with high concentrations.
Protection of hands: Impervious gloves
Eye protection:
Safety glasses
Face protection
Body protection: Protective work clothing.
9 Physical and chemical properties:
General Information
Form: Crystalline
Colour: Yellow
Smell: Odourless
Value/Range Unit Method
Change in condition
Melting point/Melting range: 78-79 ° C
Boiling point/Boiling range: Not determined
Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined
Flash point: Not applicable
Inflammability (solid, gaseous)
Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
Ignition temperature: Not determined
Decomposition temperature: Not determined
Critical values for explosion:
Lower: Not determined
Upper: Not determined
Steam pressure: Not determined
Density at 20 ° C 2.375 g/cm³
Solubility in / Miscibility with
Water: Soluble
Fully miscible
10 Stability and reactivity
Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications.
Materials to be avoided:
Reducing agents, easily oxidized materials
Organic materials
Bases
Acids
Dangerous reactions:
Reacts with reducing agents
Reacts with flammable substances
Dangerous products of decomposition:
Nitrous vitriol gases
Metal oxide
11 Toxicological information
Acute toxicity: LD/LC50 values that are relevant for classification:
Oral: LD50: 2160 mg/kg (rat)
Primary irritant effect:
on the skin: Irritant for skin and mucous membranes.
on the eye: Irritant effect.
Sensitization: No sensitizing effect known.
Additional toxicological information:
To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.
12 Ecological information:
General notes:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water bodies or sewage system.
13 Disposal considerations
Product:
Recommendation
Consult state, local or national regulations for proper disposal.
Hand over to disposers of hazardous waste.
Must be specially treated under adherence to official regulations.
Uncleaned packagings:
Recommendation:
Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
Recommended cleaning agent: Water, if necessary with cleaning agent.
14 Transport information
Land transport ADR/RID and GGVS/GGVE (cross-border/domestic)
Code letter and hazard designation of product:
Xi Irritant O Oxidising
Risk phrases:
8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety phrases:
26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
National regulations
Information about limitation of use:
For use only by technically qualified individuals.
Employment restrictions concerning young persons must be observed.
Water hazard class:
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
16 Other information:
Employers should use this information only as a supplement to other information gathered by them, and should make independent judgement of suitability of this information to ensure proper use and protect the health and safety of employees. This information is furnished without warranty, and any use of the product not in conformance with this Material Safety Data Sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the user.
Samarium
Nitrate is a highly water soluble crystalline Samarium source for uses compatible with nitrates and lower (acidic) pH. Nitrate compounds are generally soluble in water. Nitrate materials are also oxidizing agents. When mixed with hydrocarbons, nitrate compounds can form a flammable mixture. Nitrates are excellent precursors for production of ultra high purity compounds and certain catalyst and nanoscale(nanoparticles and nanopowders) materials. All metallic nitrates are inorganic salts of a given metal cation and the nitrate anion. The nitrate anion is a univalent (-1 charge) polyatomic ion composed of a single nitrogen atom ionically bound to three oxygen atoms (Symbol: NO3) for a total formula weight of 62.05. Samarium is used in laser applications and for its dielectric properties and in filter glass on Nd:YAG solid state lasers. It forms stable titanate compounds with useful dielectric properties. Samarium Nitrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards. Nanoscale (See also Nanotechnology Information and Quantum Dots) elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered. We also produce Samarium Nitrate Solution.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Samarium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Samarium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f6 6s2. In its elemental form samarium's CAS number is 7440-19-9. The samarium atom has a radius of 180.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Samarium is somewhat toxic. Samarium is primarily utilized in the production of samarium-cobalt (Sm2Co17) permanent magnets. Samarium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds
as 
submicron and nanopowder. It is also used in laser applications and for its dielectric properties. Samarium-cobalt magnets replaced the more expensive platinum-cobalt magnets in the early 1970s. While now overshadowed by the less expensive neodymium-iron-boron magnet, they are still valued for their ability to function at high temperatures. They are utilized in lightweight electronic equipment where size or space is a limiting factor and where functionality at high temperature is a concern. Applications include electronic watches, aeospace equipment, microwave technology and servomotors. Because of its weak spectral absorption band samarium is used in the filter glass on Nd:YAG solid state lasers to surround the laser rod to improve efficiency by absorbing stray emissions. Samarium was first discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1879. Samarium is named after the mineral samarskite. See Samarium research below.
