American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopeia/British Pharmacopeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Samarium Phosphide Sputtering targets with the highest possible density and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Samarium as disc, granules, ingot, pellets, pieces, powder, and rod. Other shapes are available by request.
Samarium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Samarium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f6 6s2. In its elemental form samarium's CAS number is 7440-19-9. The samarium atom has a radius of 180.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Samarium is somewhat toxic. Samarium is primarily utilized in the production of samarium-cobalt (Sm2Co17) permanent magnets. Samarium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is also used in laser applications and for its dielectric properties. Samarium-cobalt magnets replaced the more expensive platinum-cobalt magnets in the early 1970s. While now overshadowed by the less expensive neodymium-iron-boron magnet, they are still valued for their ability to function at high temperatures. They are utilized in lightweight electronic equipment where size or space is a limiting factor and where functionality at high temperature is a concern. Applications include electronic watches, aeospace equipment, microwave technology and servomotors. Because of its weak spectral absorption band samarium is used in the filter glass on Nd:YAG solid state lasers to surround the laser rod to improve efficiency by absorbing stray emissions. Samarium was first discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1879. Samarium is named after the mineral samarskite. See Samarium research below.
Phosphorus is a Block P, Group 15, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Phosphorus's shells is 2, 8, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p3. In its elemental form Phosphorus's CAS number is 7723-14-0. The Phosphorus atom has a radius of 110.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180.pm. Although white phosphorus is very toxic, red phosphorus is not considered toxic. Phosphorus information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Catalytic hydrosilylation of olefins with organolanthanide complexes: A DFT study. Part II: Influence of the substitution on olefin and silane.
Barros N, Eisenstein O, Maron L.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936209 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Safety and feasibility of percutaneous vertebroplasty with radioactive (153)Sm PMMA in an animal model.
Lu J, Deng J, Zhao H, Shi M, Wang J, Zhao L.
Eur J Radiol. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20934823 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Chemical and biological evaluation of (153)Sm and (46/47)Sc complexes of indazolebisphosphonates for targeted radiotherapy.
Neves M, Teixeira FC, Antunes I, Majkowska A, Gano L, Santos AC.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2010 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933431 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Adverse Events in the Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients Treated With Samarium Sm 153 Lexidronam for Osseous Metastases.
Paravati AJ, Russo AL, Aitken C.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Sep 30. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20888141 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
A Short Formal Total Synthesis of Strychnine with a Samarium Diiodide Induced Cascade Reaction as the Key Step.
Beemelmanns C, Reissig HU.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID: 20848626 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Computational insights into the nature of increased ionic conductivity in concentrated samarium-doped ceria: a genetic algorithm study.
Hooper J, Ismail A, Giorgi JB, Woo TK.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2010 Oct 28;12(40):12969-72. Epub 2010 Sep 8.PMID: 20830388 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Therapeutic nuclear medicine in pediatric malignancy.
Schmidt M, Baum RP, Simon T, Howman-Giles R.
Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010 Aug;54(4):411-28.PMID: 20823809 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Crystal structure of a metal ion-bound oxoiron(IV) complex and implications for biological electron transfer.
Fukuzumi S, Morimoto Y, Kotani H, Naumov P, Lee YM, Nam W.
Nat Chem. 2010 Sep;2(9):756-9. Epub 2010 Jul 11.PMID: 20729896 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations
Molecules containing rare-earth atoms solely bonded by transition metals.
Butovskii MV, Döring C, Bezugly V, Wagner FR, Grin Y, Kempe R.
Nat Chem. 2010 Sep;2(9):741-4. Epub 2010 Jun 27.PMID: 20729893 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations
Dynamic ligand exchange in reactions of samarium diiodide.
Sadasivam DV, Teprovich JA Jr, Procter DJ, Flowers RA 2nd.
Org Lett. 2010 Sep 17;12(18):4140-3.PMID: 20722385 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Tandem dosing of samarium-153 ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphoric acid with stem cell support for patients with high-risk osteosarcoma.
Loeb DM, Hobbs RF, Okoli A, Chen AR, Cho S, Srinivasan S, Sgouros G, Shokek O, Wharam MD Jr, Scott T, Schwartz CL.
Cancer. 2010 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20715156 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Gamma spectrometry and chemical characterization of ceramic seeds with samarium-153 and holmium-166 for brachytherapy proposal.
Valente ES, Campos TP.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2010 Dec;68(12):2157-62. Epub 2010 Jul 27.PMID: 20685128 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Stereospecific and highly stereoselective cyclopropanation reactions promoted by samarium.
Concellón JM, Rodríguez-Solla H, Concellón C, Del Amo V.
Chem Soc Rev. 2010 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20683534 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Grafting of peralkylated Ln(II)Al(III) heterobimetallic complexes onto periodic mesoporous silica KIT-6.
Le Roux E, Michel O, Sommerfeldt HM, Liang Y, Maichle-Mössmer C, Törnroos KW, Anwander R.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Sep 28;39(36):8552-9. Epub 2010 Aug 4.PMID: 20683527 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Synthesis of 2-(9,10-dihydro-9,10-propanoanthracen-9-yl)-N-methylethanaminevia a [4+2] cycloaddition.
Karama U, Al-Saidey A, Al-Othman Z, Almansour AR.
Molecules. 2010 Jun 9;15(6):4201-6.PMID: 20657434 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
[99mTc]-1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane tetramethylenephosphonic acid.
Datta A, Panwar P, Chuttani K, Mishra AK, Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2010.
2009 Mar 31 [updated 2009 Jun 9].PMID: 20641623 [PubMed]Books & DocumentsFree textRelated citations
Non-classical divalent lanthanide complexes.
Nief F.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Aug 7;39(29):6589-98. Epub 2010 Mar 25.PMID: 20631944 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable Sm,N co-doped TiO2 with highly visible light activity.
Ma Y, Zhang J, Tian B, Chen F, Wang L.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Oct 15;182(1-3):386-93. Epub 2010 Jun 18.PMID: 20619539 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Steric control of the reduction of carbodiimides by samarium(II) and the synthesis of very crowded samarium(III) complexes.
Cole ML, Deacon GB, Forsyth CM, Junk PC, Polo Cerón D, Wang J.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Aug 7;39(29):6732-8.PMID: 20614084 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Studies on the biodistribution of dextrin nanoparticles.
Gonçalves C, Ferreira MF, Santos AC, Prata MI, Geraldes CF, Martins JA, Gama FM.
Nanotechnology. 2010 Jul 23;21(29):295103. Epub 2010 Jul 5.PMID: 20601764 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations
Recent Research & Development for Phosphorus
Consumption of whole
grains is associated with improved diet quality and nutrient intake in children
and adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.
O'Neil CE, Nicklas TA, Zanovec M, Cho SS, Kleinman R. Public Health Nutr. 2010 Oct 6:1-9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20923597.
Chemical and microbiological changes during
vermicomposting of coffee pulp using exotic (Eudrilus eugeniae) and native
earthworm (Perionyx ceylanesis) species. Raphael K, Velmourougane K. Biodegradation. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead
of print] PubMed PMID: 20922463.
Synthesis, structure,
and reductive elimination in the series Tp'Rh(PR(3))(Ar(F))H; Determination of
rhodium-carbon bond energies of fluoroaryl substituents. Tanabe T, Brennessel WW, Clot E, Eisenstein O, Jones WD. Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct
5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20924525.
Nutrient concentrations in Maryland non-tidal
streams. Morgan RP 2nd, Kline KM. Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20890788.
Hereditary disorders of renal
phosphate wasting. Alizadeh Naderi AS, Reilly RF; Medscape. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 20924400.
New Synthesis of 3-Trifluoromethylpyrroles by
Condensation of Mesoionic 4-Trifluoroacetyl-1,3-oxazolium-5-olates with
Phosphorus Ylides. Saijo R, Hagimoto Y, Kawase M. Org Lett. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20923166.
Structural and electronic properties of
luminescent copper(i) halide complexes of bis[2-(diphenylphosphano)phenyl] ether
(DPEphos). Crystal structure of [CuCl(DPEphos)(dmpymtH]. Aslanidis P, Cox PJ, Tsipis AC. Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct
4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20922239.
Changes in
Microbial Community Structure and Function of Drinking Water Treatment
Bioreactors Upon Phosphorus Addition. Li X, Upadhyaya G, Yuen W, Brown J, Morgenroth E, Raskin L. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20889793.
Determination of a set
of surrogate parameters to assess urban stormwater quality. Miguntanna NS, Egodawatta P, Kokot S, Goonetilleke A. Sci Total Environ.
2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20888615.
A review on the effects of environmental conditions on growth and toxin
production of Ostreopsis ovata. Pistocchi R, Pezzolesi L, Guerrini F, Vanucci S, Dell'aversano C, Fattorusso
E. Toxicon. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 20920514.
Tenofovir-associated severe bone pain: I cannot walk! Jhaveri MA, Mawad HW, Thornton AC, Mullen NW, Greenberg RN. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS
Care (Chic Ill). 2010 Sep-Oct;9(5):328-34. PubMed PMID: 20923957.
Characteristics of contaminants in water and
sediment of a constructed wetland treating piggery wastewater effluent. Lee S, Maniquiz MC, Kim LH. J Environ
Sci (China). 2010;22(6):940-5. PubMed PMID: 20923110.
Effect of a seasonal diffuse pollution migration on
natural organic matter behavior in a stratified dam reservoir. Yu SJ, Lee JY, Ha SR. J Environ Sci
(China). 2010;22(6):908-14. PubMed PMID: 20923105.
Water-saving
irrigation of paddy field to reduce nutrient runoff. Hitomi T, Iwamoto Y, Miura A, Hamada K, Takaki K, Shiratani E. J Environ Sci (China).
2010;22(6):885-91. PubMed PMID: 20923101.
Scenario
analysis for reduction of pollutant load discharged from a watershed by recycling
of treated water for irrigation. Shiratani E, Munakata Y, Yoshinaga I, Kubota T, Hamada K, Hitomi T. J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):878-84. PubMed
PMID: 20923100.
Modeling the effects of constructed wetland
on nonpoint source pollution control and reservoir water quality improvement. Ham J, Yoon CG, Kim HJ, Kim HC. J
Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):834-9. PubMed PMID: 20923093.
Evaluation of non-point source
pollution reduction by applying best management practices using a SWAT model and
QuickBird high resolution satellite imagery. Lee M, Park G, Park M, Park J, Lee J, Kim S. J Environ Sci (China).
2010;22(6):826-33. PubMed PMID: 20923092.
Understanding nutrient
build-up on urban road surfaces. Miguntanna NP, Goonetilleke A, Egodowatta P, Kokot S. J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):806-12. PubMed
PMID: 20923089.
Monitoring of non-point source pollutants
load from a mixed forest land use. Yoon SW, Chung SW, Oh DG, Lee JW. J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(6):801-5.
PubMed PMID: 20923088.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopeia/British Pharmacopeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Samarium Phosphide Sputtering targets with the highest possible density 
and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Samarium as disc, granules, ingot, pellets, pieces, powder, and rod. Other shapes are available by request.
Samarium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Samarium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f6 6s2. In its elemental form samarium's CAS number is 7440-19-9. The samarium atom has a radius of 180.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Samarium is somewhat toxic. Samarium is primarily utilized in the production of samarium-cobalt (Sm2Co17) permanent magnets. Samarium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds
as 
submicron and nanopowder. It is also used in laser applications and for its dielectric properties. Samarium-cobalt magnets replaced the more expensive platinum-cobalt magnets in the early 1970s. While now overshadowed by the less expensive neodymium-iron-boron magnet, they are still valued for their ability to function at high temperatures. They are utilized in lightweight electronic equipment where size or space is a limiting factor and where functionality at high temperature is a concern. Applications include electronic watches, aeospace equipment, microwave technology and servomotors. Because of its weak spectral absorption band samarium is used in the filter glass on Nd:YAG solid state lasers to surround the laser rod to improve efficiency by absorbing stray emissions. Samarium was first discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1879. Samarium is named after the mineral samarskite. See Samarium research below.
Phosphorus is a Block P, Group 15, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Phosphorus's shells is 2, 8, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p3. In its elemental form Phosphorus's CAS number is 7723-14-0. The Phosphorus atom has a radius of 110.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180.pm. Although white phosphorus is very toxic, red phosphorus is not considered toxic. Phosphorus information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
