Sodium Perborate Monohydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Sodium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is 2, 8, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s1. In its elemental form sodium's CAS number is 7440-23-5. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8.pm and it's Van der Waalsradius is 227.pm. Sodium is not toxic but skin contact may cause irritation and burns. Sodium is primarily used in its metallic form in the production of chemical esters and in the manufacturing of various other organic compounds. The metal is used in the alloy of tin, nickel and copper for its structural characteristics. Sodium is availableas metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. High purity sodium compounds are used as reducing agents. Sodium compounds are used in low tech applications throughout industry. Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. The name Sodium comes from the Latin word "natrium" which means sodium carbonate. See Sodium research below.
Boron is a Block P, Group 13, Period 2 element. The number of electrons in each of Boron's shells is 2, 3 and its electronic configuration is [He] 2s2 2p1. In its elemental form boron's CAS number is 7440-42-8. The boron atom has a radius of 79.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Boron is not toxic. Boron has an energy band gap of 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of either silicon or germanium. Optical characteristics include transmitting portions of the infrared. Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at room temperature but a good conductor at high temperature. Boron in its elemental form is not toxic. Amorphous boron is used in pyrotechnic flares to provide a distinctive green color, and in rockets as an igniter Boric acid is also an important boron compound with major markets in textile products. Boron compounds are also extensively used in the manufacture of borosilicate glasses. The isotope Boron-10 is used as a control for nuclear reactors, as a shield for nuclear radiation, and in instruments used for detecting neutrons. Boron nitride has remarkable properties and can be used to make a material as hard as diamond. The nitride also behaves like an electrical insulator but conducts heat like a metal. Boron also has lubricating properties similar to graphite. Boron was first discovered by Sir Humphry Davy and J.L Gay-Lussac in 1808. The name Boron originates from a combination of carbon and the Arabic word 'buraqu meaning borax. See Boron research below.
Evaluation of analgesic efficacy of bromfenac sodium ophthalmic solution 0.09% versus ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.5% following LASEK or Epi-LASIK.
Wang XJ, Wong SH, Givergis R, Chynn EW.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1451-7. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
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22034570
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Risk of Poor Outcomes with Novel and Traditional Biomarkers at Clinical AKI Diagnosis.
Hall IE, Coca SG, Perazella MA, Eko UU, Luciano RL, Peter PR, Han WK, Parikh CR.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
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22034509
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Chemoenzymatic synthesis of homogeneous ultralow molecular weight heparins.
Xu Y, Masuko S, Takieddin M, Xu H, Liu R, Jing J, Mousa SA, Linhardt RJ, Liu J.
Science. 2011 Oct 28;334(6055):498-501.
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22034431
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Association between the lack of teeth and the expression of myosins in masticatory muscles of microphthalmic mouse.
Nariyama M, Kota Y, Kaneko S, Asada Y, Yamane A.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1002/cbf.1821. [Epub ahead of print]
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22034127
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Serum Calcium Concentration Affects Signal Changes on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy.
Koh E, Tsai LK, Hong CT.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
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22033722
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Severe case and literature review of primary erythromelalgia: Novel SCN9A gene mutation.
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Vasc Med. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
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Selenium homeostasis and induction of thioredoxin reductase during long term selenite supplementation in the rat.
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22033016
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The effect of hydroxyapatite presence on the degree of conversion and polymerization rate in a model self-etching adhesive.
Zhang Y, Wang Y.
Dent Mater. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
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Relationship between sodium intake and sleep apnea in patients with heart failure.
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J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Nov 1;58(19):1970-4.
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Transcription of detoxification genes after permethrin selection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
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Insect Mol Biol. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01113.x. [Epub ahead of print]
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22032702
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Reactive Aldehyde Metabolites from the Anti-HIV Drug Abacavir: Amino Acid Adducts as Possible Factors in Abacavir Toxicity.
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Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
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22032494
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The effectiveness of intensive nursing care on seasonal variation of blood pressure in patients on peritoneal dialysis.
Quan L, Dong J, Li Y, Zuo L.
J Adv Nurs. 2011 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05833.x. [Epub ahead of print]
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22032423
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Short communication: Addition of varying amounts of sodium bicarbonate to colostrum replacer: Effects on immunoglobulin G absorption and serum bicarbonate in neonatal calves.
Cabral RG, Chapman CE, Haines DM, Brito AF, Erickson PS.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5656-60.
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22032388
[PubMed - in process]
Plasma potassium-lowering effect of oral glucose, sodium bicarbonate, and the combination thereof in healthy neonatal dairy calves.
Grünberg W, Hartmann H, Burfeind O, Heuwieser W, Staufenbiel R.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5646-55.
PMID:
22032387
[PubMed - in process]
Effect of method of delivery of sodium butyrate on rumen development in newborn calves.
Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Pietrzak P, Kotunia A, Jagusiak W, Holst JJ, Guilloteau P, Zabielski R.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5578-88.
PMID:
22032381
[PubMed - in process]
Effects of partially replacing skimmed milk powder with dairy ingredients on rheology, sensory profiling, and microstructure of probiotic stirred-type yogurt during cold storage.
Marafon AP, Sumi A, Granato D, Alcântara MR, Tamime AY, Nogueira de Oliveira M.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5330-40.
PMID:
22032355
[PubMed - in process]
Bio-based nanocomposite coating to preserve quality of Fior di latte cheese.
Gammariello D, Conte A, Buonocore GG, Del Nobile MA.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Nov;94(11):5298-304.
PMID:
22032352
[PubMed - in process]
Sodium alginate as an ideal submucosal injection material for endoscopic submucosal resection: preliminary experimental and clinical study.
Akagi T, Yasuda K, Tajima M, Suzuki K, Inomata M, Shiraishi N, Sato Y, Kitano S.
Gastrointest Endosc. 2011 Nov;74(5):1026-32.
PMID:
22032316
[PubMed - in process]
An Observational Prospective Study of Topical Acidified Nitrite for Killing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Contaminated Wounds.
Ormerod AD, Shah AA, Li H, Benjamin NB, Ferguson GP, Leifert C.
BMC Res Notes. 2011 Oct 27;4(1):458. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22032298
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Determination of three sweeteners in vinegars by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry].
Yin F, Ding Z, Cao X, Gao J, Jiang D, Kuang D, Gu Y, He G.
Se Pu. 2011 Jun;29(6):554-7. Chinese.
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22032168
[PubMed - in process]
Photoluminescence, white light emitting properties and related aspects of ZnO nanoparticles admixed with graphene and GaN. Kumar P, Panchakarla LS, Venkataprasad Bhat S, Maitra U, Subrahmanyam KS, Rao CN. Nanotechnology. 2010 Sep 24;21(38):385701. Epub 2010 Aug 26. PubMed PMID: 20739740.
Reactivity of an oxoboryl complex toward fluorinated aryl boron reagents. Braunschweig H, Radacki K, Schneider A. Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Sep 21;46(35):6473-5. Epub 2010 Aug 19. PubMed PMID: 20721386.
Direct separation of boron from Na- and Ca-rich matrices by sublimation for stable isotope measurement by MC-ICP-MS. Wang BS, You CF, Huang KF, Wu SF, Aggarwal SK, Chung CH, Lin PY. Talanta. 2010 Sep 15;82(4):1378-1384. Epub 2010 Jul 31. PubMed PMID: 20801344.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Boron-, Silicon-, and Tin-Bridged ansa-Cyclopentadienyl-Cycloheptatrienyl Titanium Complexes (Troticenophanes). Braunschweig H, Fuß M, Mohapatra SK, Kraft K, Kupfer T, Lang M, Radacki K, Daniliuc CG, Jones PG, Tamm M. Chemistry. 2010 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20803585.
Cloning and characterization of a zebrafish homologue of human AQP1: A bifunctional water and gas channel. Chen LM, Zhao J, Musa-Aziz R, Pelletier MF, Drummond IA, Boron WF. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20739606.
Mechanisms of Boron Tolerance and Accumulation in Plants: A Physiological Comparison of the Extremely Boron-Tolerant Plant Species, Puccinellia distans, with the Moderately Boron-Tolerant Gypsophila arrostil. Stiles AR, Bautista D, Atalay E, Babaog?lu M, Terry N. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20738130.
Incorporation of Boron, Aluminum, and Gallium Derivatives into [{Ti(eta(5)-C(5)Me(5))(mu-O)}(3)(mu(3)-CR)] (R = H, Me). Herna´n-Go´mez A, Marti´n A, Mena M, Santamari´a C. Inorg Chem. 2010 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20738137.
Spectroscopic and Modeling Investigations of the Gas Phase Chemistry and Composition in Microwave Plasma Activated B(2)H(6)/CH(4)/Ar/H(2) Mixtures. Ma J, Richley JC, Davies DR, Ashfold MN, Mankelevich YA. J Phys Chem A. 2010 Aug 25. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20735120.
Total Syntheses of Tubulysins. Shibue T, Hirai T, Okamoto I, Morita N, Masu H, Azumaya I, Tamura O. Chemistry. 2010 Aug 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20734394.
Structure and Bonding of gamma-B(28): Is the High Pressure Form of Elemental Boron Ionic? Ha¨ussermann U, Mikhaylushkin AS. Inorg Chem. 2010 Aug 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20731410.
Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics. Dean CR, Young AF, Meric I, Lee C, Wang L, Sorgenfrei S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Kim P, Shepard KL, Hone J. Nat Nanotechnol. 2010 Aug 22. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20729834.
Synthesis and formation mechanism of hydrogenated boron clusters B(12)H(n) with controlled hydrogen content. Ohishi Y, Kimura K, Yamaguchi M, Uchida N, Kanayama T. J Chem Phys. 2010 Aug 21;133(7):074305. PubMed PMID: 20726640.
Tensile Tests on Individual Multi-Walled Boron Nitride Nanotubes. Wei X, Wang MS, Bando Y, Golberg D. Adv Mater. 2010 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20730820.
Two Concise Total Syntheses of (-)-Bitungolide F. Elmarrouni A, Joolakanti SR, Colon A, Heras M, Arseniyadis S, Cossy J. Org Lett. 2010 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20726574.
Cell Adhesion Properties on Chemically Micropatterned Boron-Doped Diamond Surfaces. Marcon L, Spriet C, Coffinier Y, Galopin E, Rosnoblet C, Szunerits S, He´liot L, Angrand PO, Boukherroub R. Langmuir. 2010 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20715878.
Probing the active-site requirements of human intestinal N-terminal maltase glucoamylase: The effect of replacing the sulfate moiety by a methyl ether in ponkoranol, a naturally occurring alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Eskandari R, Jones K, Rose DR, Pinto BM. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20801033.
Porosity calculations using a C/O logging tool with boron-lined NaI detectors. Metwally WA. Appl Radiat Isot. 2010 Aug 10. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20727774.
Novel macrocyclic HCV NS3 protease inhibitors derived from alpha-amino cyclic boronates. Li X, Zhang YK, Liu Y, Ding CZ, Zhou Y, Li Q, Plattner JJ, Baker SJ, Zhang S, Kazmierski WM, Wright LL, Smith GK, Grimes RM, Crosby RM, Creech KL, Carballo LH, Slater MJ, Jarvest RL, Thommes P, Hubbard JA, Convery MA, Nassau PM, McDowell W, Skarzynski TJ, Qian X, Fan D, Liao L, Ni ZJ, Pennicott LE, Zou W, Wright J. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Aug 10. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20801653.
[Evaluation of the efficiency of measures to reduce the influence of risk factors on human health]. Gig Sanit. 2010 May-Jun;(3):7-8. Russian. PubMed PMID: 20734732.
Electrochemical disinfection of secondary wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. Pérez G, Gómez P, Ibañez R, Ortiz I, Urtiaga AM. Water Sci Technol. 2010;62(4):892-7. PubMed PMID: 20729593.
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