American Elements specializes in producing high purity Terbium fluoride sputtering targets with the highest possible density  and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Terbium Fluoride as rods, powder and plates. Other shapes are available by request.
Terbium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe]4f96s2. In its elemental form terbium's CAS number is 7440-27-9. The terbium atom has a radius of 176.3.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Terbium is primarily used in phosphors, particularly in fluorescent lamps and as the high intensity green emitter used in projection televisions, such as the yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Tb:YAG) variety. Terbium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Terbium responds efficiently in x-ray excitation and is, therefore, used as an x-ray phosphor. Terbium alloys are also used in magneto-optic recording films, such as Tb-Fe-Co. Terbium was first discovered by Carl Mosander in 1843. |
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© 2001-2009. American Elements is a U.S. Registered Trademark. All rights reserved. This website, the Periodic Table of the Elements information, Element and Materials Science presentations and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements. |
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Recent Research & Development for Terbium
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OptGraft: A computational procedure for transferring a binding site onto an existing protein scaffold.
Fazelinia H, Cirino PC, Maranas CD.
Protein Sci. 2009 Jan;18(1):180-95.
PMID: 19177362 [PubMed - in process]
- Standard addition analysis of fluoroquinolones in human serum in the presence of the interferent salicylate using lanthanide-sensitized excitation-time decay luminescence data and multivariate curve resolution.
Lozano VA, Tauler R, Ibañez GA, Olivieri AC.
Talanta. 2009 Mar 15;77(5):1715-23. Epub 2008 Oct 21.
PMID: 19159788 [PubMed - in process]
- Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Adsorption on Hydroxyapatite of the [(160)Tb]Terbium Complexes of the Bone-Targeting Ligands DOTP and BPPED.
Rill C, Kolar ZI, Kickelbick G, Wolterbeek HT, Peters JA.
Langmuir. 2009 Jan 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19152259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Activation of the SK potassium channel-calmodulin complex by nanomolar concentrations of terbium.
Li W, Aldrich RW.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jan 27;106(4):1075-80. Epub 2009 Jan 14.
PMID: 19144926 [PubMed - in process]
Related Articles
5: Detection of quadruplex DNA by luminescence enhancement of lanthanide ions and energy transfer from lanthanide chelates.
Worlinsky JL, Basu S.
J Phys Chem B. 2009 Jan 29;113(4):865-8.
PMID: 19125634 [PubMed - in process]
- New macrocyclic terbium(III) complex for use in RNA footprinting experiments.
Belousoff MJ, Ung P, Forsyth CM, Tor Y, Spiccia L, Graham B.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jan 28;131(3):1106-14.
PMID: 19119812 [PubMed - in process]
- Micelle-enhanced and terbium-sensitized spectrofluorimetric determination of gatifloxacin and its interaction mechanism.
Guo C, Wang L, Hou Z, Jiang W, Sang L.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2008 Nov 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19117794 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- A highly selective luminescent sensor for the time-gated detection of potassium.
Thibon A, Pierre VC.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jan 21;131(2):434-5.
PMID: 19113859 [PubMed - in process]
- Polarization selection rules and optical transitions in terbium activated yttrium tantalate phosphor under x-ray, vacuum-ultraviolet, and ultraviolet excitations.
Nazarov M, Tsukerblat B, Byeon CC, Arellano I, Popovici EJ, Noh do Y.
Appl Opt. 2009 Jan 1;48(1):17-21.
PMID: 19107166 [PubMed - in process]
- Comparison of two tetrapodal N,O ligands: impact of the softness of the heterocyclic N-donors pyridine and pyrazine on the selectivity for Am(III) over Eu(III).
Heitzmann M, Bravard F, Gateau C, Boubals N, Berthon C, Pécaut J, Charbonnel MC, Delangle P.
Inorg Chem. 2009 Jan 5;48(1):246-56.
PMID: 19053344 [PubMed - in process]
- Kinetic determination of the GTPase activity of Ras proteins by means of a luminescent terbium complex.
Spangler C, Spangler CM, Spoerner M, Schäferling M.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2008 Nov 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19039578 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Homogeneous Dual-Parameter Assay for Prostate-Specific Antigen Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer.
Kokko T, Liljenba¨ck T, Peltola MT, Kokko L, Soukka T.
Anal Chem. 2008 Nov 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19012418 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- The role of amines in the growth of terbium(III)-doped cerium phosphate nanoparticles.
Hickmann K, Kömpe K, Hepp A, Haase M.
Small. 2008 Dec;4(12):2136-9. No abstract available.
PMID: 18985669 [PubMed - in process]
- [Study on spectroscopic properties of Eu and Tb mixed solid complexes with a diamide ligand]
Cui HX, Chen JM, Zhou HD.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2008 Aug;28(8):1856-61. Chinese.
PMID: 18975819 [PubMed - in process]
- Inhibition mechanism of Tb(III) on horseradish peroxidase activity.
Guo S, Zhou Q, Lu T, Ding X, Huang X.
Chem Biodivers. 2008 Oct;5(10):2050-9.
PMID: 18972537 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Determination of carbofuran in water by homogeneous immunoassay using selectively conjugate mastoparan and terbium/dipicolinic acid fluorescent complex.
Bacigalupo MA, Meroni G, Longhi R.
Talanta. 2006 Jul 15;69(5):1106-11. Epub 2006 Jan 18.
PMID: 18970689 [PubMed - in process]
- Development of functionalized terbium fluorescent nanoparticles for antibody labeling and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay application.
Ye Z, Tan M, Wang G, Yuan J.
Talanta. 2005 Jan 15;65(1):206-10.
PMID: 18969785 [PubMed - in process]
- Analysis of tryptophan at nmoll(-1) level based on the fluorescence enhancement of terbium-gadolinium-tryptophan-sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate system.
Liu S, Yang J, Wu X, Su B, Sun C, Wang F.
Talanta. 2004 Oct 8;64(2):387-94.
PMID: 18969616 [PubMed - in process]
- Fluorescence and terbium-sensitised luminescence determination of garenoxacin in human urine and serum.
Ocaña JA, Barragán FJ, Callejón M.
Talanta. 2004 Jun 17;63(3):691-7.
PMID: 18969488 [PubMed - in process]
- Homogeneous immunoassay of atrazine in water by terbium-entrapping liposomes as fluorescent markers.
Bacigalupo MA, Ius A, Longhi R, Meroni G.
Talanta. 2003 Nov 12;61(4):539-45.
PMID: 18969216 [PubMed - in process]
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Material Safety Data Sheet |
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1 Identification of substance
- Product details
- Trade name Terbium (III) fluoride
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2 Composition/Data on components:
- Chemical characterization:
Designation: (CAS#)
Terbium (III) fluoride, anhydrous (CAS# 13708-63-9), 100%
- Identification number(s):
- EINECS Number: 237-247-0
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3 Hazards identification
- Hazard designation: Xn Harmful
- Information pertaining to particular dangers for man and environment
R 20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R 36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
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4 First aid measures
- After inhalation
Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptoms persist.
Seek immediate medical advice.
- After skin contact
Instantly wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.
Seek immediate medical advice.
Rub in Ca-gluconate solution or Ca-gluconate gel immediately.
- After eye contact
Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Then consult doctor.
- After swallowing Seek immediate medical advice.
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5 Fire fighting measures
- Suitable extinguishing agents
Use fire fighting measures that suit the environment.
- Special hazards caused by the material, its products of combustion or
flue gases:
Can be released in case of fire:
Hydrogen fluoride (HF)
- Protective equipment:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Wear full protective suit.
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6 Accidental release measures
- Person-related safety precautions:
Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.
Ensure adequate ventilation
- Measures for environmental protection:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
- Measures for cleaning/collecting:
Dispose of contaminated material as waste according to item 13.
Ensure adequate ventilation.
- Additional information:
See Section 7 for information on safe handling
See section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
See Section 13 for information on disposal.
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7 Handling and storage
- Handling
- Information for safe handling:
Keep containers tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
Ensure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.
- Information about protection against explosions and fires:
The product is not flammable
- Storage
- Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers:
No special requirements.
- Information about storage in one common storage facility:
Do not store together with acids.
- Further information about storage conditions:
This product is hygroscopic.
Protect from humidity and keep away from water.
Protect from carbon dioxide.
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
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8 Exposure controls and personal protection
- Additional information about design of technical systems:
Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and having an average face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.
- Components with critical values that require monitoring at the
workplace:
Fluorides (as F)
mg/m3
ACGIH TLV 2.5
Austria TWA 2.5
Belgium TWA 2.5
Finland TWA 2.5
France TWA 2.5
Germany MAK 2.5
Hungary TWA 1; 2-STEL
Netherlands TWA 3.5
Norway TWA 0.6
Poland TWA 1; 3-STEL
Sweden NGV 2
Switzerland MAK-W 1.5
United Kingdom TWA 2.5
Russia TWA 2
Denmark TWA 2.5
USA PEL 2.5
- Additional information: No data
- Personal protective equipment
- General protective and hygienic measures
The usual precautionary measures should be adhered to in handling the chemicals.
Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and food.
Instantly remove any soiled and impregnated garments.
Wash hands during breaks and at the end of the work.
Avoid contact with the eyes and skin.
- Breathing equipment: Use breathing protection with high concentrations.
- Protection of hands: Impervious gloves
- Eye protection:
Safety glasses
Face protection
- Body protection: Protective work clothing.
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9 Physical and chemical properties:
- General Information
- Form: Chunks
- Colour: White
- Smell: Odourless
- Value/Range Unit Method
- Change in condition
- Melting point/Melting range: 1172 ° C
- Boiling point/Boiling range: 2280 ° C
- Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined
- Flash point: Not applicable
- Ignition temperature: Not determined
- Decomposition temperature: Not determined
- Danger of explosion: Product is not explosive.
- Critical values for explosion:
- Lower: Not determined
- Upper: Not determined
- Steam pressure: Not determined
- Density at 20 ° C 7.2 g/cm³
- Solubility in / Miscibility with
- Water: Insoluble
Not miscible or difficult to mix
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10 Stability and reactivity
- Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications.
- Materials to be avoided: Acids
- Dangerous reactions: No dangerous reactions known
- Dangerous products of decomposition: Hydrogen fluoride
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11 Toxicological information
- Acute toxicity:
- Primary irritant effect:
- on the skin: Irritant for skin and mucous membranes.
- on the eye: Irritant effect.
- Sensitization: No sensitizing effect known.
- Additional toxicological information:
Danger by skin resorption.
To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.
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12 Ecological information:
- General notes:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water bodies or sewage system.
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13 Disposal considerations
- Product:
- Recommendation
Consult state, local or national regulations for proper disposal.
Hand over to disposers of hazardous waste.
Must be specially treated under adherence to official regulations.
- Uncleaned packagings:
- Recommendation:
Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
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14 Transport information
- Land transport ADR/RID and GGVS/GGVE (cross-border/domestic)
- ADR/RID-GGVS/E Class: 6.1 (T5) Toxic substances.
- Kemler Number: 60
- UN-Number: 3288
- Packaging group: III
- Label 6.1
- Designation of goods: 3288 TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (terbium
fluoride)
- Maritime transport IMDG/GGVSea:
- IMDG/GGVSea Class: 6.1
- UN Number: 3288
- Label 6.1
- Packaging group: III
- Correct technical name: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (terbium
fluoride)
- Air transport ICAO-TI and IATA-DGR:
- ICAO/IATA Class: 6.1
- UN/ID Number: 3288
- Label 6.1
- Packaging group: III
- Correct technical name: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (terbium
fluoride)
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15 Regulatory information
- Designation according to EC guidelines:
- Code letter and hazard designation of product: Xn Harmful
- Risk phrases:
20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
- Safety phrases:
9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
- National regulations
- Information about limitation of use:
For use only by technically qualified individuals.
Employment restrictions concerning young persons must be observed.
- Water hazard class:
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
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16 Other information:
Employers should use this information only as a supplement to other information gathered by them, and should make independent judgement of suitability of this information to ensure proper use and protect the health and safety of employees. This information is furnished without warranty, and any use of the product not in conformance with this Material Safety Data Sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the user.
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