Terbium Sulfide is a moderately water and acid soluble Terbium source for uses compatible with sulfates. Sulfate compounds are salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal. Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides which tend to be insoluble. Organometallic forms are soluble in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions. Metallic ions can also be dispersed utilizing suspended or coated nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and deposited utilizing sputtering targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar energy materials and fuel cells. Terbium Sulfide is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Terbium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Terbium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f9 6s2. In its elemental form terbium's CAS number is 7440-27-9. Terbium is considered to be somewhat toxic.The terbium atom has a radius of 176.3.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Terbium is primarily used in phosphors, particularly in fluorescent lamps and as the high intensity green emitter used in projection televisions, such as the yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Tb:YAG) variety. Terbium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Terbium responds efficiently in x-ray excitation and is, therefore, used as an x-ray phosphor. Terbium alloys are also used in magneto-optic recording films, such as Tb-Fe-Co. Terbium was first discovered by Carl Mosander in 1843. Terbium is named after "Ytterby", a town in Sweden. See Terbium research below.
Sulfur is a Block P, Group 16, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sulfur's shells is 2, 8, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ne]3s2 3p4. In its elemental form sulfur's CAS number is 7704-34-9. The sulfur atom has a radius of 100pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180pm. Sulfur is a crucial element for all life and serves as both fuels and respiratory (oxygen-replacing) materials for simple organisms. In nature, sulfur can be found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and as galena, gypsum, Epsom salts, and barite. Sulfur, when organically bonded, is a component of all proteins, as the amino acids methionine and cysteine. In organic form, Sulfur is present in the vitamins thiamine and biotin. Sulfur is also a vital part of many enzymes and also in antioxidant molecules like glutathione and thioredoxin.Sulfur is available as compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Sulfur has been known since ancient times but was not accepted as an element until 1777. Antoine Lavoisier helped to convince the scientific commuity that sulfus is an element and not a compound. See Sulfur research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
Cilostazol Determination by the Enhancement of the Green Emission of Tb(3+) Optical Sensor.
Attia MS, Mahmoud WH, Youssef AO, Mostafa MS.
J Fluoresc. 2011 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21818537
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Induction-resonance energy transfer between the terbium-binding peptide and the red fluorescent proteins Dsred2 and TagRFP].
[No authors listed]
Biofizika. 2011 May-Jun;56(3):389-95. Russian.
PMID:
21786690
[PubMed - in process]
Interactions between metal ions and carbohydrates. Syntheses and spectroscopic studies of several lanthanide nitrate-d-galactitol complexes.
Yu L, Hua X, Pan Q, Yang L, Xu Y, Zhao G, Wang H, Wang H, Wu J, Liu K, Chen J.
Carbohydr Res. 2011 Jun 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21784418
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Characterization of the ß?-crystallin domains of ß?-CAT, a non-lens ß?-crystallin and trefoil factor complex, from the skin of the toad Bombina maxima.
Gao Q, Xiang Y, Zeng L, Ma XT, Lee WH, Zhang Y.
Biochimie. 2011 Jul 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21784123
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Detection of bacterial endospores in soil by terbium fluorescence.
Brandes Ammann A, Kölle L, Brandl H.
Int J Microbiol. 2011;2011:435281. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
PMID:
21754939
[PubMed]
Poly[[tetra-aqua-tris-(µ(3)-hexane-1,6-di-carboxyl-ato)diterbium(III)] 0.25-hydrate].
Li FF, Zhang HJ, Zhang LN.
Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Apr 1;67(Pt 4):m412. Epub 2011 Mar 9.
PMID:
21753944
[PubMed]
Single-Molecule Magnetic Behavior in a Neutral Terbium(III) Complex of a Picolinate-Based Nitronyl Nitroxide Free Radical.
Coronado E, Gime´nez-Saiz C, Recuenco A, Tarazo´n A, Romero FM, Camo´n A, Luis F.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Aug 15;50(16):7370-7372. Epub 2011 Jul 13.
PMID:
21751792
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effect of terbium(iii) on the binding of aromatic guests with sodium taurocholate aggregates.
Pace TC, Souza Júnior SP, Zhang HT, Bohne C.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2011 Jul 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21750813
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Label-free colorimetric and quantitative detection of cancer marker protein using noncrosslinking aggregation of Au/Ag nanoparticles induced by target-specific peptide probe.
Wang X, Wu L, Ren J, Miyoshi D, Sugimoto N, Qu X.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Aug 15;26(12):4804-9. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
PMID:
21733670
[PubMed - in process]
CeF3 and PrF3 as UV-Visible Faraday rotators.
Molina P, Vasyliev V, Víllora EG, Shimamura K.
Opt Express. 2011 Jun 6;19(12):11786-91. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.011786.
PMID:
21716411
[PubMed - in process]
A terbium-sensitized spectrofluorimetric method for determination of catecholamines in a serum sample with micelle medium.
Kamruzzaman M, Alam AM, Lee SH, Kim YH, Kim SH.
Luminescence. 2011 Jun 21. doi: 10.1002/bio.1332. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21692167
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Terbium(iii) complex as a luminescent sensor for human serum albumin in aqueous solution.
Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Guo Z.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Jul 28;47(28):8127-9. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
PMID:
21691617
[PubMed - in process]
Efficient inhibition of germination of coat-deficient bacterial spores by multivalent metal cations, including terbium (tb3+).
Yi X, Bond C, Sarker MR, Setlow P.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Aug;77(15):5536-9. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
PMID:
21685163
[PubMed - in process]
Determination of carvedilol by its quenching effect on the luminescence of terbium complex in dosage form.
Leonenko I, Aleksandrova D, Yegorova A.
Acta Pol Pharm. 2011 May-Jun;68(3):325-30.
PMID:
21648186
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Luminescent Trimethoprim-Polyaminocarboxylate Lanthanide Complex Conjugates for Selective Protein Labeling and Time-Resolved Bioassays.
Reddy DR, Pedro´ Rosa LE, Miller LW.
Bioconjug Chem. 2011 Jul 20;22(7):1402-1409. Epub 2011 Jun 7.
PMID:
21619068
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Lanthanide directed self-assembly formations of Tb(III) and Eu(III) luminescent complexes from tryptophan based pyridyl amide ligands.
Lincheneau C, Leonard JP, McCabe T, Gunnlaugsson T.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Jul 7;47(25):7119-21. Epub 2011 May 26.
PMID:
21614366
[PubMed - in process]
Gold nanoparticles-based fluorescence enhancement of the terbium-levofloxacin system and its application in pharmaceutical preparations.
Lee SH, Wabaidur SM, Alothman ZA, Alam SM.
Luminescence. 2011 May 24. doi: 10.1002/bio.1311. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21608101
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Optical properties and luminescence dynamics of Eu3+-doped terbium orthophosphate nanophosphors.
Ruan Y, Xiao Q, Luo W, Li R, Chen X.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Jul 8;22(27):275701. Epub 2011 May 20.
PMID:
21597160
[PubMed - in process]
A long-lived luminescence and EPR bimodal lanthanide-based probe for free radicals.
Hong J, Zhuang Y, Ji X, Guo X.
Analyst. 2011 Jun 21;136(12):2464-70. Epub 2011 May 10.
PMID:
21556434
[PubMed - in process]
Development of a terbium complex-based luminescent probe for imaging endogenous hydrogen peroxide generation in plant tissues.
Ye Z, Chen J, Wang G, Yuan J.
Anal Chem. 2011 Jun 1;83(11):4163-9. Epub 2011 May 11.
PMID:
21548628
[PubMed - in process]
Self-assembly of a sulphur-terminated graphene nanoribbon within a single-walled carbon nanotube.
Chuvilin A, Bichoutskaia E, Gimenez-Lopez MC, Chamberlain TW, Rance GA, Kuganathan N, Biskupek J, Kaiser U, Khlobystov AN.
Nat Mater. 2011 Aug 7. doi: 10.1038/nmat3082. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21822259
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the yeast tRNA-thiouridine modification protein 1 (Tum1p).
Qiu R, Wang F, Liu M, Yang Z, Wu T, Ji C.
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Aug 1;67(Pt 8):953-5. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
PMID:
21821903
[PubMed - in process]
Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis L-isoleucine dioxygenase toward the production of useful amino acids.
Hibi M, Kawashima T, Kodera T, Smirnov SV, Sokolov PM, Sugiyama M, Shimizu S, Yokozeki K, Ogawa J.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821743
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Characterization of the sulfurtransferase family from Oryza sativa L.
Guretzki S, Papenbrock J.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2011 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821426
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Development of a small-scale bioreactor method to monitor the molecular diversity and environmental impacts of bacterial biofilm communities from an acid mine drainage impacted creek.
Cole M, Wrubel J, Henegan P, Janzen C, Holt J, Tobin T.
J Microbiol Methods. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21821067
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In situ incorporation of nickel nanoparticles into the mesopores of MCM-41 by manipulation of solvent-solute interaction and its activity toward adsorptive desulfurization of gas oil.
Samadi-Maybodi A, Teymouri M, Vahid A, Miranbeigi A.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jul 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820806
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase is an essential enzyme for the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei.
Alloatti A, Gupta S, Gualdrón-López M, Nguewa PA, Altabe SG, Deumer G, Wallemacq P, Michels PA, Uttaro AD.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21820408
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The use of multi-element stable isotope analysis to monitor the origin of chondroitin sulfates.
Thomas F, Jamin E, Shimoo K, Nagao J, Osaki Y, Granier C.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Sep 15;25(17):2533-7. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5159.
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21818814
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Sulphur isotopes in animal hair track distance to sea.
Zazzo A, Monahan FJ, Moloney AP, Green S, Schmidt O.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 Sep 15;25(17):2371-8. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5131.
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21818798
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Experimental and Theoretical Evidence of Aromatic Behavior in Heterobenzene-Like Molecules with Metal-Metal Multiple Bonds.
Fang W, He Q, Tan ZF, Liu CY, Lu X, Murillo CA.
Chemistry. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/chem.201003693. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21818792
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Rhodovulum phaeolacus sp. nov. a phototrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from a brown pond.
Venkata Naga Satya Lakshmi K, Sasikala C, Venkata Ramana V, Veera Venkata Ramaprasad E, Venkata Ramana C.
J Gen Appl Microbiol. 2011;57(3):145-51.
PMID:
21817826
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Comparative data on effects of leading pretreatments and enzyme loadings and formulations on sugar yields from different switchgrass sources.
Wyman CE, Balan V, Dale BE, Elander RT, Falls M, Hames B, Holtzapple MT, Ladisch MR, Lee YY, Mosier N, Pallapolu VR, Shi J, Thomas SR, Warner RE.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Jun 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816612
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Target loads of atmospheric sulfur deposition for the protection and recovery of acid-sensitive streams in the Southern Blue Ridge Province.
Sullivan TJ, Cosby BJ, Jackson WA.
J Environ Manage. 2011 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816535
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Differential effects of a post-anthesis fertilizer regimen on the wheat flour proteome determined by quantitative 2-DE.
Altenbach SB, Tanaka CK, Hurkman WJ, Whitehand LC, Vensel WH, Dupont FM.
Proteome Sci. 2011 Aug 4;9(1):46. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21816081
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Comparative toxicity of arsenic metabolites in human bladder cancer EJ-1 cells.
Naranmandura H, Michael CW, Xu S, Lee J, Leslie E, Weinfeld M, Le XC.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815631
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The Effects of Different Garlic-derived Allyl Sulfides on Peroxidative Processes and Anaerobic Sulfur Metabolism in Mouse Liver.
Iciek MB, Kowalczyk-Pachel D, Kwiecien I, Dudek MB.
Phytother Res. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3572. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21815229
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A combined model of hepatic polyamine and sulfur amino acid metabolism to analyze S-adenosyl methionine availability.
Reyes-Palomares A, Montańez R, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Medina MA.
Amino Acids. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814788
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Microbial gene functions enriched in the Deepwater Horizon deep-sea oil plume.
Lu Z, Deng Y, Van Nostrand JD, He Z, Voordeckers J, Zhou A, Lee YJ, Mason OU, Dubinsky EA, Chavarria KL, Tom LM, Fortney JL, Lamendella R, Jansson JK, D'haeseleer P, Hazen TC, Zhou J.
ISME J. 2011 Aug 4. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.91. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21814288
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1,1'-(3-Methyl-4-phenylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)diethanone as a Building Block in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Novel Synthesis of Some Pyrazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives.
Mabkhot YN, Al-Majid AM, Barakat A, Alshahrani S, Siddiqui Y.
Molecules. 2011 Aug 3;16(8):6502-11.
PMID:
21814162
[PubMed - in process]
Towards the Growth of an Aligned Single-Layer MoS2 Film.
Kim D, Sun D, Lu W, Cheng Z, Zhu Y, Le D, Rahman TS, Bartels L.
Langmuir. 2011 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21812475
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Terbium Sulfide is a moderately water and acid soluble Terbium source for uses compatible with sulfates. Sulfate compounds are salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal. Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides which tend to be insoluble. Organometallic forms are soluble in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions. Metallic ions can also be dispersed utilizing suspended or coated nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and deposited utilizing sputtering targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar energy materials and fuel cells. Terbium Sulfide is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Terbium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Terbium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f9 6s2. In its elemental form terbium's CAS number is 7440-27-9. Terbium is considered to be somewhat toxic.The terbium atom has a radius of 176.3.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Terbium is primarily used in phosphors, particularly in 
fluorescent lamps and as the high intensity green emitter used in projection televisions, such as the yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Tb:YAG) variety. Terbium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% 
(ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Terbium responds efficiently in x-ray excitation and is, therefore, used as an x-ray phosphor. Terbium alloys are also used in magneto-optic recording films, such as Tb-Fe-Co. Terbium was first discovered by Carl Mosander in 1843. Terbium is named after "Ytterby", a town in Sweden. See Terbium research below.
Sulfur is a Block P, Group 16, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Sulfur's shells is 2, 8, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ne]3s2 3p4. In its elemental form sulfur's CAS number is 7704-34-9. The sulfur atom has a radius of 100pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 180pm. Sulfur is a crucial element for all life and serves as both fuels and respiratory (oxygen-replacing) materials for simple organisms. In nature, sulfur can be found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and as galena, gypsum, Epsom salts, and barite. Sulfur, when organically bonded, is a component of all proteins, as the amino acids methionine 
and cysteine. In organic form, Sulfur is present in the vitamins thiamine and biotin. Sulfur is also a vital part of many enzymes and also in antioxidant molecules like glutathione and thioredoxin.Sulfur is available as compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Sulfur has been known since ancient times but was not accepted as an element until 1777. Antoine Lavoisier helped to convince the scientific commuity that sulfus is an element and not a compound. See Sulfur research below.
