Osmium Telluride (OsTe) is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Osmium is a Block D, Group 8, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Osmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2. In its elemental form osmium's CAS number is 7440-04-2. The osmium atom has a radius of 133.8.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Osmium tetroxide (OsO4) can cause eye, lung and skin damage which makes it very toxic. Osmium has the highest melting point and the lowest vapor pressure of any of the platinum group of metals. Osmium tetroxide has recently been used to detect fingerprints and as an aid to stain fatty tissue for microscope slides. The metal is almost entirely used to produce very hard alloys with other metals of the platinum group. Osmium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Osmium was first discovered by Smithson Tennant in 1803. The origin of the name Osmium comes from the Greek word osme meaning a smell or odor. See Osmium research below.
Tellurium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Tellurium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4. In its elemental form tellurium's CAS number is 13494-80-9. The tellurium atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 206.pm. Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor, and shows greater conductivity in certain directions, depending on alignment of the atoms. It is grown in crystalline form with other elements such as indium telluride. Its conductivity increases slightly with exposure to light which makes many tellurides candidates for solar energyapplications. Tellurium improves the machinability of copper and stainless steel, and its addition to lead decreases the corrosive action of sulfuric acid on lead and improves its strength and hardness. Tellurium is used as a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control. Tellurium is used in ceramics. Bismuth telluride has been used in thermoelectric devices. Iron is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Ultrastructure of the myotendinous junction of the medial pterygoid muscle of
adult and aged Wistar rats. Ciena AP, Luques IU, Dias FJ, Yokomizo de Almeida SR, Iyomasa MM, Watanabe IS. Micron. 2010 Dec;41(8):1011-4. Epub 2010 Apr 20.
PubMed PMID: 20656496.
A novel oxidative
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Epub 2010 Sep 6. PubMed PMID: 20830333.
Electrochemical and homogeneous electron
transfers to the Alzheimer amyloid-{beta} copper complex follow a preorganization
mechanism. Balland V, Hureau C, Savéant JM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Oct 5;107(40):17113-8. Epub 2010 Sep
21. PubMed PMID: 20858730.
Osmium(III) complexes with POP pincer ligands: preparation from commercially
available OsCl(3)·3H(2)O and their X-ray structures. Asensio G, Cuenca AB, Esteruelas MA, Medio-Simón M, Oliván M, Valencia M. Inorg Chem. 2010 Oct
4;49(19):8665-7. PubMed PMID: 20828213.
Multilamellar spherical particles as potential sources of excessive light
scattering in human age-related nuclear cataracts. Costello MJ, Johnsen S, Metlapally S, Gilliland KO, Frame L, Balasubramanian
D. Exp Eye Res. 2010 Sep 30.
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DNA photocleavage by an osmium(II)
complex in the PDT window. Sun Y, Joyce LE, Dickson NM, Turro C. Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Sep 28;46(36):6759-61. Epub
2010 Aug 17. PubMed PMID: 20717583.
Interplay of cysteinyl leukotrienes and
TGF-ß in the activation of hepatic stellate cells from Schistosoma mansoni
granulomas. Paiva LA, Maya-Monteiro CM, Bandeira-Melo C, Silva PM, El-Cheikh MC, Teodoro
AJ, Borojevic R, Perez SA, Bozza PT. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Sep 15. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
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Pulmonary fat embolism after
reamed and unreamed nailing of femoral fractures. Högel F, Gerlach UV, Südkamp NP, Müller CA. Injury. 2010 Sep 15. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20850117.
Clytostoma callistegioides (Bignoniaceae) wax extract with activity on
aphid settling. Castillo L, Díaz M, González-Coloma A, González A, Alonso-Paz E, Bassagoda MJ,
Rossini C. Phytochemistry. 2010 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
20828771.
Synchrotron-based micro-CT imaging of the human lung acinus.
Litzlbauer HD, Korbel K, Kline TL, Jorgensen SM, Eaker DR, Bohle RM, Ritman
EL, Langheinrich AC. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2010 Sep;293(9):1607-14. PubMed PMID: 20687188.
Cellularity and
adipogenic profile of the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese
adolescents: association with insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Kursawe R, Eszlinger M, Narayan D, Liu T, Bazuine M, Cali AM, D'Adamo E, Shaw
M, Pierpont B, Shulman GI, Cushman SW, Sherman A, Caprio S. Diabetes.
2010 Sep;59(9):2288-96. PubMed PMID: 20805387; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2927952.
Low temperature and anhydrous electron microscopy techniques to observe the
infection process of the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas fragariae on strawberry
leaves. Allan-Wojtas P, Hildebrand PD, Braun PG, Smith-King HL, Carbyn S, Renderos
WE. J Microsc. 2010 Sep 1;239(3):249-58. PubMed PMID: 20701664.
CEMOVIS on
a pathogen: analysis of Bacillus anthracis spores. Couture-Tosi E, Ranck JL, Haustant G, Pehau-Arnaudet G, Sachse M. Biol Cell. 2010 Aug 26. [Epub
ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20795943.
Layer-by-layer self-assembled osmium polymer-mediated laccase oxygen cathodes for
biofuel cells: the role of hydrogen peroxide. Scodeller P, Carballo R, Szamocki R, Levin L, Forchiassin F, Calvo EJ. J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Aug
18;132(32):11132-40. PubMed PMID: 20698679.
One-chip biosensor for simultaneous disease
marker/calibration substance measurement in human urine by electrochemical
surface plasmon resonance method. Nakamoto K, Kurita R, Niwa O. Biosens Bioelectron. 2010 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of
print] PubMed PMID: 20888212.
Morphology of male
reproductive system of two solitary bee species (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Araújo VA, Freitas FV, Moreira J, Neves CA, Lino-Neto J. Neotrop
Entomol. 2010 Jul-Aug;39(4):595-600. PubMed PMID: 20877997.
Correlative microscopy of densely
labeled projection neurons using neural tracers. Oberti D, Kirschmann MA, Hahnloser RH. Front Neuroanat. 2010 Jun
14;4:24. PubMed PMID: 20676237; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2912169.
Rapidly excised and cryofixed rat tissue.
Vanhecke D, Graber W, Studer D. Methods Cell Biol. 2010;96:513-27. PubMed PMID: 20869536.
Electron microscopy analysis of skin biopsies in CADASIL
disease. Cotrutz CE, Indrei A, Badescu L, Dacalu C, Neamtu M, Dumitrescu GF,
Stefanache F, Petreus T. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2010;51(3):455-7. PubMed PMID: 20809020.
Multi-metal(loid) methylation in methanoarchaea is linked to central intermediates of methanogenesis.
Thomas F, Diaz-Bone RA, Wuerfel O, Huber B, Weidenbach K, Schmitz RA, Hensel R.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
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[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, structure, and bonding of orthorhombic r(5)au(2)te(2) (R = lu, ho, dy, y). Electronic structure of the binary parent valence compound eu(5)as(4).
Chai P, Corbett JD.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Nov 7;50(21):10949-55. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
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Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Protects Escherichia coli from Tellurite-Mediated Oxidative Stress.
Sandoval JM, Arenas FA, Vásquez CC.
PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25573. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
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Microbial processing of tellurium as a tool in biotechnology.
Turner RJ, Borghese R, Zannoni D.
Biotechnol Adv. 2011 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
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21907273
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Measurement of the ?? Decay Half-Life of ^{130}Te with the NEMO-3 Detector.
Arnold R, Augier C, Baker J, Barabash AS, Basharina-Freshville A, Blondel S, Bongrand M, Broudin-Bay G, Brudanin V, Caffrey AJ, Chapon A, Chauveau E, Durand D, Egorov V, Flack R, Garrido X, Grozier J, Guillon B, Hubert P, Hugon C, Jackson CM, Jullian S, Kauer M, Klimenko A, Kochetov O, Konovalov SI, Kovalenko V, Lalanne D, Lamhamdi T, Lang K, Liptak Z, Lutter G, Mamedov F, Marquet Ch, Martin-Albo J, Mauger F, Mott J, Nachab A, Nemchenok I, Nguyen CH, Nova F, Novella P, Ohsumi H, Pahlka RB, Perrot F, Piquemal F, Reyss JL, Richards B, Ricol JS, Saakyan R, Sarazin X, Simard L, Simkovic F, Shitov Y, Smolnikov A, Söldner-Rembold S, Stekl I, Suhonen J, Sutton CS, Szklarz G, Thomas J, Timkin V, Torre S, Tretyak VI, Umatov V, Vála L, Vanyushin I, Vasiliev V, Vorobel V, Vylov Ts, Zukauskas A; NEMO-3 Collaboration.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Aug 5;107(6):062504. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
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Synthesis and characterization of wurtzite ZnTe nanorods with controllable aspect ratios.
Zhang J, Jin S, Fry HC, Peng S, Shevchenko E, Wiederrecht GP, Rajh T.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Oct 5;133(39):15324-7. Epub 2011 Sep 12.
PMID:
21899348
[PubMed - in process]
A homometallic tricapped cubane cluster: [(Cp*Mo)4B4H4(?4-BH)3] (Cp* = ?5-C5Me5).
Thakur A, Sahoo S, Ghosh S.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):7940-2. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
PMID:
21834507
[PubMed - in process]
Selective antimicrobial activity associated with sulfur nanoparticles.
Schneider T, Baldauf A, Ba LA, Jamier V, Khairan K, Sarakbi MB, Reum N, Schneider M, Röseler A, Becker K, Burkholz T, Winyard PG, Kelkel M, Diederich M, Jacob C.
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2011 Jun;7(3):395-405.
PMID:
21830480
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Bioactivity of the conjugation of green-emitting CdTe quantum dots with a carborane complex.
Wu C, Shi L, Li Q, Zhao J, Selke M, Yan H, Wang X.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Apr;11(4):3091-9.
PMID:
21776675
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Isolation and characterization of an environmental cadmium- and tellurite-resistant Pseudomonas strain.
Chien CC, Jiang MH, Tsai MR, Chien CC.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2011 Oct;30(10):2202-7. doi: 10.1002/etc.620. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
PMID:
21766319
[PubMed - in process]
An ultrasensitive hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on electrocatalytic synergy of graphene-gold nanocomposite, CdTe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and gold nanoparticles.
Gu Z, Yang S, Li Z, Sun X, Wang G, Fang Y, Liu J.
Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Sep 2;701(1):75-80. Epub 2011 Jul 4.
PMID:
21763811
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Synchronous determination of mercury (II) and copper (II) based on quantum dots-multilayer film.
Ma Q, Ha E, Yang F, Su X.
Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Sep 2;701(1):60-5. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
PMID:
21763809
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Procedure-Controlled Selective Synthesis of 5-Acyl-2-iminothiazolines and their Selenium and Tellurium Derivatives by Convergent Tandem Annulation.
Wang Y, Zhang WX, Wang Z, Xi Z.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Jul 14. doi: 10.1002/anie.201101948. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
21761522
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, structures and ab initio studies of selenium and tellurium bis(carbodithioates and carbothioates).
Kato S, Tani K, Ishida M, Nonogaki J, Ebihara M, Hayashi S, Nakanishi W, Niyomura O, Ando F, Koketsu J.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 28;40(32):8156-69. Epub 2011 Jul 13.
PMID:
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[PubMed - in process]
Electrical bistability in self-assembled hybrid multilayers of phospholipid and nanoparticles.
Yuan B, Hu SX, Lu NY, Xu F, Zhou K, Ma YQ, Li M.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Aug 5;22(31):315303. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
PMID:
21747161
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Organomercury(II) and tellurium(II) compounds with the "pincer" ligand 2,6-[O(CH2CH2)2NCH2]2C6H3--stabilization of an unusual organotellurium(II) cationic species.
Beleaga A, Bojan VR, Pöllnitz A, Rat CI, Silvestru C.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 21;40(35):8830-8. Epub 2011 Jul 11.
PMID:
21743935
[PubMed - in process]
Differentiation between the motor and sensory fascicles of the peripheral nerves from adult rats using annexin V-CdTe-conjugated polymer.
Meng X, Lu L, Wang H, Liu B.
Neurol India. 2011 May-Jun;59(3):333-8.
PMID:
21743158
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Tellurium tetrachloride and diphenyl ditelluride cause cytotoxicity in rat hippocampal astrocytes.
Roy S, Hardej D.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Oct;49(10):2564-74. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
PMID:
21742007
[PubMed - in process]
Osmium Telluride (OsTe) is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Osmium is a Block D, Group 8, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Osmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2. In its elemental form osmium's CAS number is 7440-04-2. The osmium atom has a radius of 133.8.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Osmium tetroxide (OsO4) can cause eye, lung and skin damage which makes it very toxic. Osmium has the highest melting point and the lowest vapor pressure of 
any of the platinum group of metals. Osmium tetroxide has recently been used to detect fingerprints 
and as an aid to stain fatty tissue for microscope slides. The metal is almost entirely used to produce very hard alloys with other metals of the platinum group. Osmium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Osmium was first discovered by Smithson Tennant in 1803. The origin of the name Osmium comes from the Greek word osme meaning a smell or odor. See Osmium research below. 
Tellurium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Tellurium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4. In its elemental form tellurium's CAS number is 13494-80-9. The tellurium atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 206.pm. Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor, and shows greater conductivity in certain directions, depending on alignment of the atoms. It is grown in crystalline form with other elements such as indium telluride. Its conductivity increases slightly with exposure to light which makes many tellurides candidates for solar energyapplications. Tellurium improves the machinability of copper and stainless steel, and its addition to lead decreases the corrosive action of sulfuric acid on lead and improves its strength and hardness. 
Tellurium is used as 
a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control. Tellurium is used in ceramics. Bismuth telluride has been used in thermoelectric devices. Iron is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below.
