American Elements specializes in supplying seamless Thorium tubing with a variety of dimensions including round, rectangular, square, and  oval in numerous standard diameters from 0.02 to 6.0 inches and wall thicknesses from 0.003 to 0.500 inches.Tubing can be further processed to produce rings, washers, sleeves and sheaths. Custom configurations are also available.  Materials include most metals including the rare earth metals and other advanced materials. Tubes can also be produced from custom materials and alloys for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. Other available shapes include bar or plate form, as well as custom machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. See research below. We also produce Thorium as rod, pellets, powder, pieces, granules, ingot, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
Thorium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 7 element. The electronic configuration is [Rn] 6d2 7s2. In its elemental form thorium's CAS number is 7440-29-1. The thorium atom has a radius of 179.8.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Thorium is a lanthanide (rare earth) material with potential nuclear power applications. Thorium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is presently used as a tungsten coating in electronic parts due to its high emission factor. Thorium in the form of its fluoride and oxide is used in advanced optic applications for its high refractive index. It is also used in several other high temperature glass applications, such as in the mantle of lamps and to produce crystal growth crucibles and ampules. Thorium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1828. |
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Recent Research & Development for Thorium
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RADON MONITORING IN WATER SOURCES OF BALAKOT AND MANSEHRA CITIES LYING ON A GEOLOGICAL FAULT LINE.
Khan F, Ali N, Khan EU, Khattak NU, Khan K.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2009 Oct 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19841014 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Synthesis of a Thorium Tuck-In Complex, [(eta(5):eta(1)-C(5)Me(4)CH(2))(eta(5)-C(5)Me(5))Th{iPrNC(Me)NiPr}], by C--H Bond Activation Initiated by (C(5)Me(5))(-).
Evans WJ, Walensky JR, Ziller JW.
Chemistry. 2009 Oct 15. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID: 19834942 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- A sequential method for the determination of (210)Pb, (226)Ra, and uranium and thorium radioisotopes by LSC and alpha-spectrometry.
Lozano JC, Tomé FV, Rodríguez PB, Prieto C.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2009 Sep 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19833528 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Depositional behaviors of plutonium and thorium isotopes at Tsukuba and Mt. Haruna in Japan indicate the sources of atmospheric dust.
Hirose K, Igarashi Y, Aoyama M, Inomata Y.
J Environ Radioact. 2009 Oct 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19804923 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Correlations between radiometric analysis of Quaternary deposits and the chronology of prehistoric settlements from the southeastern Brazilian coast.
Anjos RM, Macario KD, Lima TA, Veiga R, Carvalho C, Fernandes PJ, Vezzone M, Bastos J.
J Environ Radioact. 2009 Sep 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19800154 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- [Contrast study on natural radioactive nuclides contents of rice between Xiangshan uranium deposit area, Jiangxi and non-uranium depsoit area]
Liu PH, Ye CS, Xie SR, Rui YK.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2009 Jul;29(7):1972-5. Chinese.
PMID: 19798984 [PubMed - in process]
- Determination of uranium and thorium in complex samples using chromatographic separation, ICP-MS and spectrophotometric detection.
Rozmaric M, Ivsic AG, Grahek Z.
Talanta. 2009 Nov 15;80(1):352-62. Epub 2009 Jul 8.
PMID: 19782236 [PubMed - in process]
- Simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of uranium and thorium in aqueous samples by new modified mesoporous silica prior to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry determination.
Yousefi SR, Ahmadi SJ, Shemirani F, Jamali MR, Salavati-Niasari M.
Talanta. 2009 Nov 15;80(1):212-7. Epub 2009 Jul 3.
PMID: 19782216 [PubMed - in process]
- RADIO-TOXICITY OF SPENT FUEL OF THE ADVANCED HEAVY WATER REACTOR.
Anand S, Singh KD, Sharma VK.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2009 Sep 23. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19776247 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Separation, preconcentration and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) determination of thorium(IV), titanium(IV), iron(III), lead(II) and chromium(III) on 2-nitroso-1-naphthol impregnated MCI GEL CHP20P resin.
Aydin FA, Soylak M.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Sep 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19765893 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- An optical chemical sensor for thorium (IV) determination based on thorin.
Rastegarzadeh S, Pourreza N, Saeedi I.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19744784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Calculation of indoor effective dose factors in ORNL phantoms series due to natural radioactivity in building materials.
Krstic D, Nikezic D.
Health Phys. 2009 Oct;97(4):299-302.
PMID: 19741358 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Synthesis and crystal structure of NZP-type thorium-zirconium phosphate.
Orlova AI, Volgutov VY, Castro GR, García-Granda S, Khainakov SA, García JR.
Inorg Chem. 2009 Oct 5;48(19):9046-7.
PMID: 19739666 [PubMed - in process]
- Gas-Phase Energetics of Actinide Oxides: An Assessment of Neutral and Cationic Monoxides and Dioxides from Thorium to Curium (dagger).
Marc¸alo J, Gibson JK.
J Phys Chem A. 2009 Sep 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19725530 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Rapid determination of plutonium isotopes in environmental samples using sequential injection extraction chromatography and detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Qiao J, Hou X, Roos P, Miró M.
Anal Chem. 2009 Oct 1;81(19):8185-92.
PMID: 19722516 [PubMed - in process]
- Newly discovered fossil- and artifact-bearing deposits, uranium-series ages, and Plio-Pleistocene hominids at Swartkrans Cave, South Africa.
Sutton MB, Pickering TR, Pickering R, Brain CK, Clarke RJ, Heaton JL, Kuman K.
J Hum Evol. 2009 Aug 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19683788 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Spectral interference corrections for the measurement of (238)U in materials rich in thorium by a high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry.
Yücel H, Solmaz AN, Köse E, Bor D.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2009 Nov;67(11):2049-56. Epub 2009 Jul 30.
PMID: 19683454 [PubMed - in process]
- In vitro cytotoxicity of low-dose-rate radioimmunotherapy by the alpha-emitting radioimmunoconjugate Thorium-227-DOTA-rituximab.
Dahle J, Krogh C, Melhus KB, Borrebaek J, Larsen RH, Kvinnsland Y.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Nov 1;75(3):886-95. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
PMID: 19679402 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Removal of lead (II) from aqueous environment by a fibrous ion exchanger: Polycinnamamide thorium (IV) phosphate.
Islam M, Patel R.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Jul 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19674835 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Bioaccumulation and oxidative stress parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to different thorium concentrations.
Kochhann D, Pavanato MA, Llesuy SF, Correa LM, Konzen Riffel AP, Loro VL, Mesko MF, Flores EM, Dressler VL, Baldisserotto B.
Chemosphere. 2009 Oct;77(3):384-91. Epub 2009 Aug 8.
PMID: 19665757 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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