Thallium Selenide (TlSe) is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Thallium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Thallium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1. In its elemental form thallium's CAS number is 7440-28-0. The thallium atom has a radius of 170.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 196.pm. Thallium and its compounds are highly toxic. Thallium is primarily used for its electrical conductivity as thallium sulfide which changes with exposure to infrared light. This ability makes the compound useful in photocells. Thallium bromide-iodide crystals have been used as infrared optical materials. Thallium has been used, with sulfur or selenium and arsenic, to produce low melting glasses which becomes fluid between 125 and 150 C. These glasses have properties at room temperatures similar to ordinary glasses and are said to be durable and insoluble in water. Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is also used in the manufacture of photo cells. Thallium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Thallium was first discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1861. Thallium get its name from the Greek word "thallos" which means twig or green shoot. See Thallium research below.
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
Additive effect of dl-penicillamine plus Prussian blue for the antidotal treatment of thallotoxicosis in rats.
Montes S, Pérez-Barrón G, Rubio-Osornio M, Ríos C, Diaz-Ruíz A, Altagracia-Martínez M, Monroy-Noyola A.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;32(3):349-55. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
PMID:
22004953
[PubMed - in process]
Brain SPECT Thallium Using Cadmium Zinc Telluride: A First Experience.
Farid K, Queneau M, Guernou M, Lussato D, Petras S, Songy B.
Clin Nucl Med. 2011 Nov;36(11):e178-9.
PMID:
21975418
[PubMed - in process]
Thallium-201 scintigraphy is an effective diagnostic modality to distinguish malignant from benign soft-tissue tumors.
Kawakami N, Kunisada T, Sato S, Morimoto Y, Tanaka M, Sasaki T, Sugihara S, Yanai H, Kanazawa S, Ozaki T.
Clin Nucl Med. 2011 Nov;36(11):982-6.
PMID:
21975384
[PubMed - in process]
[One case of acute thallium poisoning].
Yan LL, Wang ZH, Li SH.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2011 May;29(5):393-4. Chinese. No abstract available.
PMID:
21972545
[PubMed - in process]
Effects of exercise training started within 2 weeks after acute myocardial infarction on myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function: a gated SPECT imaging study.
Giallauria F, Acampa W, Ricci F, Vitelli A, Maresca L, Mancini M, Grieco A, Gallicchio R, Xhoxhi E, Spinelli L, Cuocolo A, Vigorito C.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2011 Sep 30. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21965517
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Altered Neuronal Activity Patterns in the Visual Cortex of the Adult Rat after Partial Optic Nerve Crush--A Single-Cell Resolution Metabolic Mapping Study.
Macharadze T, Pielot R, Wanger T, Scheich H, Gundelfinger ED, Budinger E, Goldschmidt J, Kreutz MR.
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Sep 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21940702
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[Accumulation of sodium and potassium ions in oocytes of the river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis during prespawning period].
Sherstobitov AO, Lapin AV, Glazunov VV, Nikiforov VA, Nikiforov AA.
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol. 2011 Jul-Aug;47(4):278-82. Russian.
PMID:
21938909
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Hidden superlattice in Tl2(SC6H4S) and Tl2(SeC6H4Se) solved from powder X-ray diffraction.
Stone KH, Turner DL, Singh MP, Vaid TP, Stephens PW.
Acta Crystallogr B. 2011 Oct;67(Pt 5):409-15. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
PMID:
21931210
[PubMed]
Thallium in the hydrosphere of south west England.
Law S, Turner A.
Environ Pollut. 2011 Dec;159(12):3484-9. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
PMID:
21925780
[PubMed - in process]
Myocardial Uptake of 7'-(Z)-[123I]Iodorotenone During Vasodilator Stress in Dogs with Critical Coronary Stenoses.
Broisat A, Ruiz M, Goodman NC, Hanrahan SM, Reutter BW, Brennan KM, Janabi M, Schaefer S, Watson DD, Beller GA, Vanbrocklin HF, Glover DK.
Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011 Sep 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21917783
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Anhydrous thallium hydrogen l-glutamate: polymer networks formed by sandwich layers of oxygen-coordinated thallium ions cores shielded by hydrogen l-glutamate counterions.
Bodner T, Wirnsberger B, Albering J, Wiesbrock F.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Nov 7;40(41):10885-8. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
PMID:
21915430
[PubMed - in process]
Biological safety of nasal thallium-201 administration: a preclinical study for olfacto-scintigraphy.
Washiyama K, Shiga H, Hirota K, Tsuchida A, Yamamoto J, Yagi S, Yoshizaki T, Furukawa M, Amano R, Miwa T.
J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2011;52(4):450-5. doi: 10.1269/jrr.10153. No abstract available.
PMID:
21905306
[PubMed - in process]
Evaluation of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) in Inorganic and Organic Oilfield Scales from the Middle East.
Bassioni G, Abdulla F, Morsy Z, El-Faramawy N.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Sep 3. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21892762
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Non-invasive Evaluation of Internal Thoracic Artery Anastomosed to the Left Anterior Descending Artery with 320-Detector Row Computed Tomography and Adenosine Thallium-201 Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy.
Takagi Y, Akita K, Kondo H, Ishida M, Kaneko K, Sato M, Ando M.
Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011 Aug 26. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21881340
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The pathologic cascade of cerebrovascular lesions in SHRSP: is erythrocyte accumulation an early phase?
Schreiber S, Bueche CZ, Garz C, Kropf S, Angenstein F, Goldschmidt J, Neumann J, Heinze HJ, Goertler M, Reymann KG, Braun H.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2011 Aug 31. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.122. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21878945
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Head-to-head comparison of contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance and (201)Thallium single photon emission computed tomography for prediction of reversible left ventricular dysfunction in chronic ischaemic heart disease.
Regenfus M, Schlundt C, von Erffa J, Schmidt M, Reulbach U, Kuwert T, Daniel WG, Schmid M.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011 Aug 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21874571
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Selective preconcentration of thallium species as chloro and iodo complexes on Chromosorb 105 resin prior to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.
Karatepe A, Soylak M, Elçi L.
Talanta. 2011 Sep 30;85(4):1974-9. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
PMID:
21872046
[PubMed - in process]
Monte Carlo dose enhancement studies in microbeam radiation therapy.
Martínez-Rovira I, Prezadoa Y.
Med Phys. 2011 Jul;38(7):4430-9.
PMID:
21859044
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
The effects of chemical and radioactive properties of Tl-201 on human erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity.
Sahin A, Senturk M, Akkemik E, Ciftci M.
Nucl Med Biol. 2011 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21831653
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Comparison of myocardial perfusion imaging using thallium-201 between a new cadmium-zinc-telluride cardiac camera and a conventional SPECT camera.
Songy B, Lussato D, Guernou M, Queneau M, Geronazzo R.
Clin Nucl Med. 2011 Sep;36(9):776-80.
PMID:
21825848
[PubMed - in process]
Toenail selenium status and the risk of Barrett's esophagus: the Netherlands Cohort Study.
Steevens J, Schouten LJ, Driessen AL, Huysentruyt CJ, Keulemans YC, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2010 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936529 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Promotion of Growth in Mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) by Selenium is Associated with Stimulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism.
Malik JA, Kumar S, Thakur P, Sharma S, Kaur N, Kaur R, Pathania D, Bhandhari K, Kaushal N, Singh K, Srivastava A, Nayyar H.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Oct 9. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936436 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Transition metal chemistry of cyclodiphosphanes containing phosphine and amide-phosphine functionalities: Formation of a stable dipalladium(II) complex containing a Pd-P s-bond.
Balakrishna MS, Venkateswaran R, Mague JT.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936211 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Associations between blood metals and fecundity among women residing in New York State.
Bloom MS, Louis GM, Sundaram R, Kostyniak PJ, Jain J.
Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933593 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
The protective role of selenium in recalcitrant Acer saccharium L. seeds subjected to desiccation.
Pukacka S, Ratajczak E, Kalemba E.
J Plant Physiol. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933296 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Trace element concentrations in nesting flatback turtles (Natator depressus) from Curtis Island, Queensland, Australia.
Ikonomopoulou MP, Olszowy H, Limpus C, Francis R, Whittier J.
Mar Environ Res. 2010 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Correlation between serum selenium level and febrile seizures.
Mahyar A, Ayazi P, Fallahi M, Javadi A.
Pediatr Neurol. 2010 Nov;43(5):331-4.PMID: 20933176 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Anti-Tumor Activity of Aloe vera Against DMBA/Croton Oil-Induced Skin Papillomagenesis in Swiss Albino Mice.
Saini M, Goyal PK, Chaudhary G.
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2010;29(2):127-35.PMID: 20932247 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Aluminosilicate Relatives: Chalcogenoaluminogermanates Rb(3)(AlQ(2))(3)(GeQ(2))(7) (Q = S, Se).
Rothenberger A, Shafaei-Fallah M, Kanatzidis MG.
Inorg Chem. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20932019 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
A Nutrient Approach to Prostate Cancer Prevention: The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT).
Dunn BK, Richmond ES, Minasian LM, Ryan AM, Ford LG.
Nutr Cancer. 2010 Oct;62(7):896-918.PMID: 20924966 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Serum levels of selenium in patients with breast cancer before and after treatment of external beam radiotherapy.
Franca CA, Nogueira CR, Ramalho A, Carvalho AC, Vieira SL, Penna AB.
Ann Oncol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20924074 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Kenji Soda--researching enzymes with the spirit of an alpinist.
Yoshimura T, Mihara H, Ohshima T, Tanizawa K.
J Biochem. 2010 Oct;148(4):371-9.PMID: 20924059 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Inhibitory effect of arsenic on aerobic gut flora in rat.
Choudhry ZK, Misbahuddin M, Hosain AK, Saleh AA.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2009 Dec;35(3):79-83.PMID: 20922909 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
[Endemic and biogeochemical features of the territory of Chuvash Republic]
[No authors listed]
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2010;(8):40-6. Russian. PMID: 20922843 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Interaction of uranyl with Se(IV) and Se(VI) in aqueous acid solutions by means of capillary electrophoresis.
Sladkov V.
Electrophoresis. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20922762 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Ensemble Modeling Coupled with Six Element Concentrations in Human Blood for Cancer Diagnosis.
Chen H, Tan C, Wu T.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20922500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Use of dietary vitamin E and selenium (Se) to increase the shelf life of modified atmosphere packaged light lamb meat.
Ripoll G, Joy M, Muñoz F.
Meat Sci. 2010 Sep 18. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20920835 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Impacts of maternal selenium and nutritional level on growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in female offspring in sheep.
Vonnahme KA, Luther JS, Reynolds LP, Hammer CJ, Carlson DB, Redmer DA, Caton JS.
Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2010 Nov;39(4):240-8. Epub 2010 Jul 25.PMID: 20920781 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Mutations disrupting selenocysteine formation cause progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy.
Agamy O, Ben Zeev B, Lev D, Marcus B, Fine D, Su D, Narkis G, Ofir R, Hoffmann C, Leshinsky-Silver E, Flusser H, Sivan S, Söll D, Lerman-Sagie T, Birk OS.
Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Oct 8;87(4):538-44.PMID: 20920667 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Developmental toxicity of selenium to Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma).
McDonald BG, Debruyn AM, Elphick JR, Davies M, Bustard D, Chapman PM.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20891017 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Thallium Selenide (TlSe) is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Thallium is a Block P, Group 13, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Thallium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1. In its elemental form thallium's CAS number is 7440-28-0. The thallium atom has a radius of 170.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 196.pm. Thallium and its compounds are highly toxic. Thallium is primarily used for its electrical conductivity as thallium sulfide which changes with exposure to infrared light. This ability makes the compound useful in photocells. Thallium bromide-iodide crystals have been used as infrared optical materials. Thallium has been used,
with sulfur or selenium and arsenic, to produce low melting glasses which becomes fluid between 125 and 150 C. These glasses have 
properties at room temperatures similar to ordinary glasses and are said to be durable and insoluble in water. Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is also used in the manufacture of photo cells. Thallium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Thallium was first discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1861. Thallium get its name from the Greek word "thallos" which means twig or green shoot. See Thallium research below.
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide 
is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as 
well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
