Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target: AMERICAN ELEMENTS Supplier & Tech Info

Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target

Product	Product Code	Order or Specifications
(2N) 99% Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target	TM-TE-02-ST
(2N5) 99.5% Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target	TM-TE-025-ST
(3N) 99.9% Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target	TM-TE-03-ST
(3N5) 99.95% Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target	TM-TE-035-ST
(4N) 99.99% Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target	TM-TE-04-ST
(5N) 99.999% Thulium Telluride Sputtering Target	TM-TE-05-ST

American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopeia/British Pharmacopeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.See safety data and research below and pricing/lead time above. American Elements specializes in producing high purity Thulium Telluride Sputtering Targets with the highest possible density

High Purity (99.99%) Metallic Sputtering Target

and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Thulium as disc, granules, ingot, pellets, pieces, powder, and rod. Other shapes are available by request.

Thulium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Thulium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe]4f¹³6s². In its elemental form thulium's CAS number is 7440-30-4. The thulium atom has a radius of 172.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Thulium is not toxic. Thulium is representative of the other lanthanides (rare earths) similar in chemistry to Yttrium. Thulium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Thulium emits blue upon excitation. Flat panel screens depend critically on bright blue emitters. Also, under X-ray bombardment emissions are in both the 375 nm (ultra violet) and 465 (visible blue) wave lengths. This gives the material useful applications in low radiation detection for detection badges and similar uses. It is also used in other luminescence applications, such as halide discharge lamps. Thulium was first discovered by Theodore Cleve in 1879. Thulium is named after "Thule", which is the ancient name of Scandinavia. See Thulium research below.

Tellurium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Tellurium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁴. In its elemental form tellurium's CAS number is 13494-80-9. The tellurium atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 206.pm. Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor, and shows greater conductivity in certain directions, depending on alignment of the atoms. It is grown in crystalline form with other elements such as indium telluride. Its conductivity increases slightly with exposure to light which makes many tellurides candidates for solar energy applications. Tellurium improves the machinability of copper and stainless steel, and its addition to lead decreases the corrosive action of sulfuric acid on lead and improves its strength and hardness. Tellurium is used as a basic ingredient in blasting caps, and is added to cast iron for chill control. Tellurium is used in ceramics. Bismuth telluride has been used in thermoelectric devices. Iron is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Tellurium was first discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word 'Tellus' meaning Earth. See Tellurium research below.

Submicron & Nanopowder

Rod, Plate, Powder, etc.

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Production Catalog Available in 36 Countries & Languages

Recent Research & Development for Thulium

Comparison of holmium:YAG and thulium fiber laser lithotripsy: ablation thresholds, ablation rates, and retropulsion effects. Blackmon RL, Irby PB, Fried NM. J Biomed Opt. 2011 Jul;16(7):071403. PMID: 21806249 [PubMed - in process]
Poly[[triaqua-(µ(3)-4-oxidopyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato)thulium(III)] monohydrate]. Gao ZQ, Lv DY, Gu JZ, Li HJ. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Apr 1;67(Pt 4):m409. Epub 2011 Mar 9. PMID: 21753941 [PubMed]
Natural orifice (NOTES) transurethral sutureless radical prostatectomy with thulium laser support: first patient report. Nagele U, Anastasiadis AG, Walcher U, Nicklas AP, Merseburger AS, Herrmann TR. World J Urol. 2011 Jul 8. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21739124 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A highly selective fluorescent probe for pyrophosphate detection in aqueous solutions. Ganjali MR, Hosseini M, Aboufazeli F, Faridbod F, Goldooz H, Badiei AR. Luminescence. 2011 Jul 7. doi: 10.1002/bio.1316. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21735538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Novel technique for mode selection in a multimode fiber laser. Daniel JM, Chan JS, Kim JW, Sahu JK, Ibsen M, Clarkson WA. Opt Express. 2011 Jun 20;19(13):12434-9. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.012434. PMID: 21716482 [PubMed - in process]
13.1 W, high-beam-quality, narrow-linewidth continuous-wave fiber-based source at 970 nm. Devi K, Kumar SC, Ebrahim-Zadeh M. Opt Express. 2011 Jun 6;19(12):11631-7. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.011631. PMID: 21716396 [PubMed - in process]
Plasmonic enhanced emissions from cubic NaYF(4):Yb: Er/Tm nanophosphors. Sudheendra L, Ortalan V, Dey S, Browning ND, Kennedy IM. Chem Mater. 2011 Jun 14;23(11):2987-2993. PMID: 21709812 [PubMed]
Theoretical Treatment of Redox Processes Involving Lanthanide(II) Compounds: Reactivity of Organosamarium(II) and Organothulium(II) Complexes with CO(2) and Pyridine. Labouille S, Nief F, Maron L. J Phys Chem A. 2011 Jul 28;115(29):8295-8301. Epub 2011 Jul 6. PMID: 21675778 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[170Tm]-Labeled ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid. Chopra A. Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2011. 2011 Apr 27 [updated 2011 May 26]. PMID: 21656985 [PubMed]
Determination of rare earth elements and other trace elements (Y, Mn, Co, Cr) in seawater using Tm addition and Mg(OH)2 co-precipitation. Freslon N, Bayon G, Birot D, Bollinger C, Barrat JA. Talanta. 2011 Jul 15;85(1):582-7. Epub 2011 May 5. PMID: 21645745 [PubMed - in process]
Tm:YAG laser en bloc mucosectomy for accurate staging of primary bladder cancer: early experience. Wolters M, Kramer MW, Becker JU, Christgen M, Nagele U, Imkamp F, Burchardt M, Merseburger AS, Kuczyk MA, Bach T, Gross AJ, Herrmann TR. World J Urol. 2011 Aug;29(4):429-32. Epub 2011 May 8. PMID: 21553277 [PubMed - in process]
Current evidence for transurethral laser therapy of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Kramer MW, Bach T, Wolters M, Imkamp F, Gross AJ, Kuczyk MA, Merseburger AS, Herrmann TR. World J Urol. 2011 Aug;29(4):433-42. Epub 2011 May 5. PMID: 21544662 [PubMed - in process]
Development of a thulium (Tm:YAP) laser system for brain tissue ablation. Bilici T, Mutlu S, Kalaycioglu H, Kurt A, Sennaroglu A, Gulsoy M. Lasers Med Sci. 2011 Sep;26(5):699-706. Epub 2011 Apr 12. PMID: 21484452 [PubMed - in process]
Delayed presentation of a detached resectoscope beak and treatment with thulium laser. Davis NF, McGuire BB, Flood HD. Can Urol Assoc J. 2011 Apr;5(2):E17-8. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.10048. PMID: 21470544 [PubMed]
High-pressure phase transitions in rare earth metal thulium to 195 GPa. Montgomery JM, Samudrala GK, Tsoi GM, Vohra YK. J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Apr 20;23(15):155701. Epub 2011 Apr 1. PMID: 21460429 [PubMed - in process]
Superbroadband near-infrared emission in Tm-Bi codoped sodium-germanium-gallate glasses. Zhou B, Lin H, Chen B, Pun EY. Opt Express. 2011 Mar 28;19(7):6514-23. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.006514. PMID: 21451680 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Critical review of lasers in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Gravas S, Bachmann A, Reich O, Roehrborn CG, Gilling PJ, De La Rosette J. BJU Int. 2011 Apr;107(7):1030-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09954.x. Review. PMID: 21438974 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Determination of some heavy metals in food and environmental samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation. Soylak M, Aydin A. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Jun;49(6):1242-8. Epub 2011 Mar 22. PMID: 21419188 [PubMed - in process]
Efficient diode-pumped laser operation of Tm:Lu2O3 around 2?µm. Koopmann P, Lamrini S, Scholle K, Fuhrberg P, Petermann K, Huber G. Opt Lett. 2011 Mar 15;36(6):948-50. doi: 10.1364/OL.36.000948. PMID: 21403738 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Comparison of high-dose rate prostate brachytherapy dose distributions with iridium-192, ytterbium-169, and thulium-170 sources. Krishnamurthy D, Weinberg V, Cunha JA, Hsu IC, Pouliot J. Brachytherapy. 2011 Mar 10. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21397569 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Recent Research & Development for Tellurium

Multi-metal(loid) methylation in methanoarchaea is linked to central intermediates of methanogenesis. Thomas F, Diaz-Bone RA, Wuerfel O, Huber B, Weidenbach K, Schmitz RA, Hensel R. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22003009 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, structure, and bonding of orthorhombic r(5)au(2)te(2) (R = lu, ho, dy, y). Electronic structure of the binary parent valence compound eu(5)as(4). Chai P, Corbett JD. Inorg Chem. 2011 Nov 7;50(21):10949-55. Epub 2011 Oct 12. PMID: 21991925 [PubMed - in process]
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Protects Escherichia coli from Tellurite-Mediated Oxidative Stress. Sandoval JM, Arenas FA, Vásquez CC. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25573. Epub 2011 Sep 30. PMID: 21984934 [PubMed - in process]
Microbial processing of tellurium as a tool in biotechnology. Turner RJ, Borghese R, Zannoni D. Biotechnol Adv. 2011 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21907273 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Measurement of the ?? Decay Half-Life of ^{130}Te with the NEMO-3 Detector. Arnold R, Augier C, Baker J, Barabash AS, Basharina-Freshville A, Blondel S, Bongrand M, Broudin-Bay G, Brudanin V, Caffrey AJ, Chapon A, Chauveau E, Durand D, Egorov V, Flack R, Garrido X, Grozier J, Guillon B, Hubert P, Hugon C, Jackson CM, Jullian S, Kauer M, Klimenko A, Kochetov O, Konovalov SI, Kovalenko V, Lalanne D, Lamhamdi T, Lang K, Liptak Z, Lutter G, Mamedov F, Marquet Ch, Martin-Albo J, Mauger F, Mott J, Nachab A, Nemchenok I, Nguyen CH, Nova F, Novella P, Ohsumi H, Pahlka RB, Perrot F, Piquemal F, Reyss JL, Richards B, Ricol JS, Saakyan R, Sarazin X, Simard L, Simkovic F, Shitov Y, Smolnikov A, Söldner-Rembold S, Stekl I, Suhonen J, Sutton CS, Szklarz G, Thomas J, Timkin V, Torre S, Tretyak VI, Umatov V, Vála L, Vanyushin I, Vasiliev V, Vorobel V, Vylov Ts, Zukauskas A; NEMO-3 Collaboration. Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Aug 5;107(6):062504. Epub 2011 Aug 4. PMID: 21902318 [PubMed - in process]
Synthesis and characterization of wurtzite ZnTe nanorods with controllable aspect ratios. Zhang J, Jin S, Fry HC, Peng S, Shevchenko E, Wiederrecht GP, Rajh T. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Oct 5;133(39):15324-7. Epub 2011 Sep 12. PMID: 21899348 [PubMed - in process]
A homometallic tricapped cubane cluster: [(Cp*Mo)4B4H4(?4-BH)3] (Cp* = ?5-C5Me5). Thakur A, Sahoo S, Ghosh S. Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):7940-2. Epub 2011 Aug 11. PMID: 21834507 [PubMed - in process]
Selective antimicrobial activity associated with sulfur nanoparticles. Schneider T, Baldauf A, Ba LA, Jamier V, Khairan K, Sarakbi MB, Reum N, Schneider M, Röseler A, Becker K, Burkholz T, Winyard PG, Kelkel M, Diederich M, Jacob C. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2011 Jun;7(3):395-405. PMID: 21830480 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Semiconductor detectors allow low-dose-low-dose 1-day SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. Nkoulou R, Pazhenkottil AP, Kuest SM, Ghadri JR, Wolfrum M, Husmann L, Fiechter M, Buechel RR, Herzog BA, Koepfli P, Burger C, Gaemperli O, Kaufmann PA. J Nucl Med. 2011 Aug;52(8):1204-9. PMID: 21810589 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
CsTe2O(6-x): novel mixed-valence tellurium oxides with framework-deficient pyrochlore-related structure. Siritanon T, Li J, Stalick JK, Macaluso RT, Sleight AW, Subramanian MA. Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):8494-501. Epub 2011 Jul 27. PMID: 21793494 [PubMed - in process]
Bioactivity of the conjugation of green-emitting CdTe quantum dots with a carborane complex. Wu C, Shi L, Li Q, Zhao J, Selke M, Yan H, Wang X. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Apr;11(4):3091-9. PMID: 21776675 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Isolation and characterization of an environmental cadmium- and tellurite-resistant Pseudomonas strain. Chien CC, Jiang MH, Tsai MR, Chien CC. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2011 Oct;30(10):2202-7. doi: 10.1002/etc.620. Epub 2011 Aug 10. PMID: 21766319 [PubMed - in process]
An ultrasensitive hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on electrocatalytic synergy of graphene-gold nanocomposite, CdTe-CdS core-shell quantum dots and gold nanoparticles. Gu Z, Yang S, Li Z, Sun X, Wang G, Fang Y, Liu J. Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Sep 2;701(1):75-80. Epub 2011 Jul 4. PMID: 21763811 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Synchronous determination of mercury (II) and copper (II) based on quantum dots-multilayer film. Ma Q, Ha E, Yang F, Su X. Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Sep 2;701(1):60-5. Epub 2011 Jun 17. PMID: 21763809 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Procedure-Controlled Selective Synthesis of 5-Acyl-2-iminothiazolines and their Selenium and Tellurium Derivatives by Convergent Tandem Annulation. Wang Y, Zhang WX, Wang Z, Xi Z. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Jul 14. doi: 10.1002/anie.201101948. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID: 21761522 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, structures and ab initio studies of selenium and tellurium bis(carbodithioates and carbothioates). Kato S, Tani K, Ishida M, Nonogaki J, Ebihara M, Hayashi S, Nakanishi W, Niyomura O, Ando F, Koketsu J. Dalton Trans. 2011 Aug 28;40(32):8156-69. Epub 2011 Jul 13. PMID: 21750832 [PubMed - in process]
Electrical bistability in self-assembled hybrid multilayers of phospholipid and nanoparticles. Yuan B, Hu SX, Lu NY, Xu F, Zhou K, Ma YQ, Li M. Nanotechnology. 2011 Aug 5;22(31):315303. Epub 2011 Jul 12. PMID: 21747161 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Organomercury(II) and tellurium(II) compounds with the "pincer" ligand 2,6-[O(CH2CH2)2NCH2]2C6H3--stabilization of an unusual organotellurium(II) cationic species. Beleaga A, Bojan VR, Pöllnitz A, Rat CI, Silvestru C. Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 21;40(35):8830-8. Epub 2011 Jul 11. PMID: 21743935 [PubMed - in process]
Differentiation between the motor and sensory fascicles of the peripheral nerves from adult rats using annexin V-CdTe-conjugated polymer. Meng X, Lu L, Wang H, Liu B. Neurol India. 2011 May-Jun;59(3):333-8. PMID: 21743158 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Tellurium tetrachloride and diphenyl ditelluride cause cytotoxicity in rat hippocampal astrocytes. Roy S, Hardej D. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Oct;49(10):2564-74. Epub 2011 Jul 1. PMID: 21742007 [PubMed - in process]

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