Yttrium Aluminum Oxide or Garnet (YAG) Nanoparticles, nanodots or Nanopowder are white spherical high surface area metal particles. Nanoscale Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Particles are typically 10-30 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 130-150 m 2 /g range. Nano Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Particles are also available in passivated and in Ultra high purity and high purity and carbon coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil.. Applications for Yttrium Aluminum Oxide nanocrystals include in preparation of various optical applications, in laser crystals and other optics, and in nanowire, nanofiber and in certain alloy and catalyst applications. Further research is being done for their potential electrical, dielectric, magnetic, optical, imaging, catalytic, biomedical and bioscience uses. Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Yttrium is a Block D, Group 3, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Yttrium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d1 5s2. In its elemental form Yttrium's CAS number is 7440-65-5. The yttrium atom has a radius of 177.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Insoluble compounds of Yttrium are non-toxic, although water soluble compounds are somewhat toxic. Yttrium has the highest thermo-dynamic affinity for oxygen of any element. This characteristic is the basis for many of its applications. While not part of the rare earth series, it resembles the heavy rare earths which are sometimes referred to as the “yttrics” for this reason. Another unique characteristic derives from its ability to form crystals with useful properties. Yttrium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds assubmicron and nanopowder. Some of the many applications of yttrium include in ceramics for crucibles for molten reactive metals, in florescent lighting phosphors, computer displays and automotive fuel consumption sensors.Yttria stabilized zirconium oxide are used in high temperature applications, such as in thermal plasma sprays to protect aerospace high temperature surfaces and as an electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells. The name Yttrium originated from a Swedish village near Vaxholm called Yttbery where Yttrium was discovered. Crystals of the yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) variety are essential to microwave communication equipment. The phosphor Eu:Y2O2S creates the red color in televisions. Crystals of the yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) variety are utilized with neodymium in a number of laser applications. Yttria can also increase the strength of metallic alloys. Yttrium was first discovered by Johann Gadolin in 1794. See Yttrium research below.
Aluminum is a Block P, Group 13, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Aluminum's shells is 2, 8, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. In its elemental form aluminum's CAS number is 7429-90-5. The aluminum atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Aluminum is not known to be harmful but ingestion may cause Alzheimer's disease.Aluminum is a silvery-white metal that possesses many desirable characteristics. It is light, nonmagnetic and nonsparking.
It stands second among metals in the scale of malleability, and sixth in ductility. It is extensively used in many industrial applications where a strong, light, easily constructed material is needed. Although it's electrical conductivity is only about 60% that of copper, it is used in electrical transmission lines because of its light weight. Pure aluminum is soft and lacks strength, but alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties. These alloys are of vital importance in the construction of modern aircraft and rockets. Aluminum, evaporated in a vacuum, forms a highly reflective coating for both visible light and radiant heat. They are used to coat telescope mirrors. Aluminum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Aluminum research below.
Formula
CAS No.
Appearance
Molecular Weight
Density
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Solubility
Stability
Y3Al5O12
12005-21-9
White
225.81
5030 kg/m³
2690°C
4300°C
Insoluble in water, moderately soluble in strong mineral acids
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Bis(?(2)-2-phen-oxy-propionato-?O:O')bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-?N,N')bis-(2-phen-oxy-propionato-?O,O')ytterbium(III)].
Shen JB, Liu JL, Zhao GL.
Acta Crystallogr E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Oct 1;67(Pt 10):m1361. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
PMID:
22058692
[PubMed]
"Covalency in the 4f Shell of tris-cyclopentadienyl Ytterbium (YbCp3) - a Spectroscopic Evaluation."
Denning RG, Harmer JR, Green JC, Irwin M.
J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22053917
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fingermark detection on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces using YVO(4):Er,Yb luminescent upconverting particles.
Ma R, Shimmon R, McDonagh A, Maynard P, Lennard C, Roux C.
Forensic Sci Int. 2011 Oct 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22047749
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Supramolecular Ytterbium(III)-Aqua Complex Featuring Infinite Stacks of C?C Bonds for Photocycloaddition Reactions.
Komori-Orisaku K, Yamashita S, Isozaki T, Sugiura K, Koide Y.
Chemistry. 2011 Oct 21. doi: 10.1002/chem.201102292. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID:
22021148
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Label-free in vivo fiber-based optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy.
Hajireza P, Shi W, Zemp RJ.
Opt Lett. 2011 Oct 15;36(20):4107-9. doi: 10.1364/OL.36.004107.
PMID:
22002401
[PubMed - in process]
Energy transfer and enhanced 1.54 ?m emission in Erbium-Ytterbium disilicate thin films.
Miritello M, Cardile P, Lo Savio R, Priolo F.
Opt Express. 2011 Oct 10;19(21):20761-72. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.020761.
PMID:
21997086
[PubMed - in process]
Photo darkening of rare earth doped silica.
Mattsson KE.
Opt Express. 2011 Oct 10;19(21):19797-812. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.019797.
PMID:
21996988
[PubMed - in process]
Beam quality and noise properties of coherently combined ytterbium doped single frequency fiber amplifiers.
Tünnermann H, Pöld JH, Neumann J, Kracht D, Willke B, Wessels P.
Opt Express. 2011 Sep 26;19(20):19600-6. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.019600.
PMID:
21996901
[PubMed - in process]
p-Wave Cold Collisions in an Optical Lattice Clock.
Lemke ND, von Stecher J, Sherman JA, Rey AM, Oates CW, Ludlow AD.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Sep 2;107(10):103902. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
PMID:
21981504
[PubMed - in process]
Mode-locked 0.5 ?J fiber laser at 976 nm.
Lhermite J, Lecaplain C, Machinet G, Royon R, Hideur A, Cormier E.
Opt Lett. 2011 Oct 1;36(19):3819-21. doi: 10.1364/OL.36.003819.
PMID:
21964108
[PubMed - in process]
Acid-responsive microcapsules: the loading-unloading processes.
Samanta D, Sankar RM, Jaisankar SN, Alam MS, Mandal AB.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Oct 25;47(43):11975-7. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
PMID:
21963934
[PubMed - in process]
Electrochemical spectroscopic investigations on the interaction of an ytterbium complex with DNA and their analytical applications such as biosensor.
Ilkhani H, Ganjali MR, Arvand M, Hejazi MS, Azimi F, Norouzi P.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2011 Dec 1;49(5):1117-23. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
PMID:
21939686
[PubMed - in process]
A family of 13 tetranuclear zinc(ii)-lanthanide(iii) complexes of a [3 + 3] Schiff-base macrocycle derived from 1,4-diformyl-2,3-dihydroxybenzene.
Feltham HL, Klöwer F, Cameron SA, Larsen DS, Lan Y, Tropiano M, Faulkner S, Powell AK, Brooker S.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Oct 25;40(43):11425-32. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
PMID:
21935549
[PubMed - in process]
Generation of 578-nm yellow light over 10 mW by second harmonic generation of an 1156-nm external-cavity diode laser.
Lee WK, Park CY, Yu DH, Park SE, Lee SB, Kwon TY.
Opt Express. 2011 Aug 29;19(18):17453-61. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.017453.
PMID:
21935111
[PubMed - in process]
In vivo near-realtime volumetric optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy using a high-repetition-rate nanosecond fiber-laser.
Shi W, Hajireza P, Shao P, Forbrich A, Zemp RJ.
Opt Express. 2011 Aug 29;19(18):17143-50. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.017143.
PMID:
21935076
[PubMed - in process]
Self-referenceable frequency comb from a gigahertz diode-pumped solid-state laser.
Pekarek S, Südmeyer T, Lecomte S, Kundermann S, Dudley JM, Keller U.
Opt Express. 2011 Aug 15;19(17):16491-7. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.016491.
PMID:
21935013
[PubMed - in process]
Thermal effects in kilowatt all-fiber MOPA.
Fan Y, He B, Zhou J, Zheng J, Liu H, Wei Y, Dong J, Lou Q.
Opt Express. 2011 Aug 1;19(16):15162-72. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.015162.
PMID:
21934878
[PubMed - in process]
Background-free broadband CARS spectroscopy from a 1-MHz ytterbium laser.
Kumar V, Osellame R, Ramponi R, Cerullo G, Marangoni M.
Opt Express. 2011 Aug 1;19(16):15143-8. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.015143.
PMID:
21934875
[PubMed - in process]
Fabrication and characterization of new Yb-doped zirconia-germano-alumino silicate phase-separated nano-particles based fibers.
Kir'yanov AV, Paul MC, Barmenkov YO, Das S, Pal M, Bhadra SK, Zarate LE, Guzman-Chavez AD.
Opt Express. 2011 Aug 1;19(16):14823-37. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.014823.
PMID:
21934843
[PubMed - in process]
White emission of lithium ytterbium tetraphosphate nanocrystals.
Strek W, Marciniak L, Bednarkiewicz A, Lukowiak A, Wiglusz R, Hreniak D.
Opt Express. 2011 Jul 18;19(15):14083-92. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.014083.
PMID:
21934770
[PubMed - in process]
In vitro studies of the ablation mechanism of periodontopathic bacteria and decontamination effect on periodontally diseased root surfaces by erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser. Akiyama F, Aoki A, Miura-Uchiyama M, Sasaki KM, Ichinose S, Umeda M, Ishikawa I, Izumi Y. Lasers Med Sci. 2010 Mar 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 20309597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] Related articles
Unusual reactivity in organoaluminium and NHC chemistry: deprotonation of AlMe(3) by an NHC moiety involving the formation of a sterically bulky NHC-AlMe(3) Lewis adduct. Schmitt AL, Schnee G, Welter R, Dagorne S. Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Apr 14;46(14):2480-2. Epub 2010 Mar 5. PMID: 20309474 [PubMed - in process] Related articles
Next-generation biomedical implants using additive manufacturing of complex, cellular and functional mesh arrays. Murr LE, Gaytan SM, Medina F, Lopez H, Martinez E, Machado BI, Hernandez DH, Martinez L, Lopez MI, Wicker RB, Bracke J. Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2010 Apr 28;368(1917):1999-2032. PMID: 20308113 [PubMed - in process] Related articles
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Yttrium Aluminum Oxide or Garnet (YAG) Nanoparticles, nanodots or Nanopowder are white spherical high surface area metal particles. Nanoscale Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Particles are typically 10-30 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 130-150 m 2 /g range. Nano Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Particles are also available in passivated and in Ultra high purity and high purity and carbon coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil.. Applications for Yttrium Aluminum Oxide nanocrystals include in preparation of various optical applications, in laser crystals and other optics, and in nanowire, nanofiber and in certain alloy and catalyst applications. Further research is being done for their potential electrical, dielectric, magnetic, optical, imaging, catalytic, biomedical and bioscience uses. Yttrium Aluminum Oxide Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Yttrium is a Block D, Group 3, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Yttrium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d1 5s2. In its elemental form Yttrium's CAS number is 7440-65-5. The yttrium atom has a radius of 177.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Insoluble compounds of Yttrium are non-toxic, although water soluble compounds are somewhat toxic. Yttrium has the highest thermo-dynamic affinity for oxygen of any element. This characteristic is the basis for many of its applications. While not part of the rare earth series, it resembles the heavy rare earths which are sometimes referred to as the “yttrics” for this reason. Another unique characteristic derives from its ability to form crystals with useful properties. 
Yttrium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as
submicron and nanopowder. Some of the many applications of yttrium include in ceramics for crucibles for molten reactive metals, in florescent lighting phosphors, computer displays and automotive fuel consumption sensors.Yttria stabilized zirconium oxide are used in high temperature applications, such as in thermal plasma sprays to protect aerospace high temperature surfaces and as an electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells. The name Yttrium originated from a Swedish village near Vaxholm called Yttbery where Yttrium was discovered. Crystals of the yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) variety are essential to microwave communication equipment. The phosphor Eu:Y2O2S creates the red color in televisions. Crystals of the yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) variety are utilized with neodymium in a number of laser applications. Yttria can also increase the strength of metallic alloys. Yttrium was first discovered by Johann Gadolin in 1794. See Yttrium research below.
Aluminum is a Block P, Group 13, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Aluminum's shells is 2, 8, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. In its elemental form aluminum's CAS number is 7429-90-5. The aluminum atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Aluminum is not known to be harmful but ingestion may cause Alzheimer's disease.Aluminum is a silvery-white metal that possesses many desirable characteristics. It is light, nonmagnetic and nonsparking.
It stands second among metals in the scale of malleability, and sixth in ductility. It is extensively used in many
industrial applications where a strong, light, easily constructed material is needed. Although it's electrical conductivity is only about 60% that of copper, it is used in electrical transmission 
lines because of its light weight. Pure aluminum is soft and lacks strength, but alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties. These alloys are of vital importance in the construction of modern aircraft and rockets. Aluminum, evaporated in a vacuum, forms a highly reflective coating for both visible light and radiant heat. They are used to coat telescope mirrors. Aluminum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Aluminum research below.
