American Elements specializes in producing high purity uniform shaped Ytterbium Slugs with the highest possible density  and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Our standard Slug sizes range from 1/8" x 1/8" to 1/4" x 1/4" and 3 mm diameter. We can also provide Slugs outside this range for ultra high purity thin film applications, such as fuel cells and solar energy layers. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes nanoparticles. We also produce Ytterbium as rod, ingot, powder, pieces, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
Ytterbium has 2 valency state, +2 +3. The electronic configuration is [Xe]4f146s2. In its metallic form Ytterbium's CAS number is 7440-64-4 and its standard state @ 20 şC is a solid. The Ytterbium atom has a radius of 194 pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. On the periodic table, Ytterbium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. Ytterbium is being applied to numerous fiber amplifier and fiber optic technologies and in various lasing applications. Ytterbium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It has a single dominant absorption band at 985 in the infra-red making it useful in silicon photocells to directly convert radiant energy to electricity. Ytterbium metal increases its electrical resistance when subjected to very high stresses. This property is used in stress gauges for monitoring ground deformations from earthquakes and nuclear explosions. |
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Periodic table of the elements science and academic information, elements and advanced materials data, scientific presentations and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements. American Elements is a U.S. Registered Trademark. © 2001-2009. American Elements. All rights reserved. |
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Recent Research & Development for Ytterbium
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Controlled excitation of scar modes in passive and active multimode chaotic fiber.
Michel C, Doya V, Tascu S, Blanc W, Legrand O, Mortessagne F.
Appl Opt. 2009 Nov 1;48(31):G163-8. doi: 10.1364/AO.48.00G163.
PMID: 19881639 [PubMed - in process]
- High-power nanosecond ytterbium-doped fiber laser passively synchronized with a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser.
Yan M, Li W, Hao Q, Li Y, Yang K, Zhou H, Zeng H.
Opt Lett. 2009 Nov 1;34(21):3331-3333. doi: 10.1364/OL.34.003331.
PMID: 19881584 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Femtosecond and picosecond laser drilling of metals at high repetition rates and average powers.
Ancona A, Döring S, Jauregui C, Röser F, Limpert J, Nolte S, Tünnermann A.
Opt Lett. 2009 Nov 1;34(21):3304-3306. doi: 10.1364/OL.34.003304.
PMID: 19881575 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Ytterbium(III) triflate catalyzed tandem Friedel-Crafts alkylation/hydroarylation of propargylic alcohols with phenols as an expedient route to indenols.
Zhang X, Teo WT, Chan PW.
Org Lett. 2009 Nov 5;11(21):4990-3.
PMID: 19863152 [PubMed - in process]
- Complexation of bisphosphonates with ytterbium(III): Application of phosphate and ATP detection assay based on Yb(3+)-pyrocatechol violet.
Gaidamauskas E, Parker H, Kashemirov BA, Holder AA, Saejueng K, McKenna CE, Crans DC.
J Inorg Biochem. 2009 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19850352 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Single-frequency 1 W hybrid Brillouin/ytterbium fiber laser.
Guan W, Marciante JR.
Opt Lett. 2009 Oct 15;34(20):3131-2. doi: 10.1364/OL.34.003131.
PMID: 19838249 [PubMed - in process]
- Intense green and red upconversion emissions from Ho(3+) in presence of Yb(3+) in Li:TeO(2) glass.
Giri NK, Rai SB, Rai A.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2009 Sep 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19836300 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Single-frequency 1060 nm semiconductor-optical-amplifier-based fiber laser with 40 nm tuning range.
Tang M, Tian X, Lu X, Fu S, Shum PP, Zhang Z, Liu M, Cheng Y, Liu J.
Opt Lett. 2009 Jul 15;34(14):2204-6. doi: 10.1364/OL.34.002204.
PMID: 19823549 [PubMed - in process]
- Two-wavelength ytterbium-doped fiber laser with sustained relaxation oscillation.
Pan L, Utkin I, Fedosejevs R.
Appl Opt. 2009 Oct 10;48(29):5484-9. doi: 10.1364/AO.48.005484.
PMID: 19823230 [PubMed - in process]
- Lewis Acid-Mediated beta-Hydride Abstraction Reactions of Divalent M(C(SiHMe(2))(3))(2)THF(2) (M = Ca, Yb).
Yan K, Upton BM, Ellern A, Sadow AD.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19795868 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Observation of a large atomic parity violation effect in ytterbium.
Tsigutkin K, Dounas-Frazer D, Family A, Stalnaker JE, Yashchuk VV, Budker D.
Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Aug 14;103(7):071601. Epub 2009 Aug 10.
PMID: 19792630 [PubMed]
- Synthesis and characterization of Sn(II), Pb(II) and Yb(II) complexes supported by [C(Ph(2)P=NSiMe3){6-(2-RC5H3N)}]2- or [CH(Ph2P=NSiMe3){6-(2-RC5H3N)}]- (R = 3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl or iminophosphoranyl) ligands.
Chai ZY, Wang ZX.
Dalton Trans. 2009 Oct 14;(38):8005-12. Epub 2009 Aug 10.
PMID: 19771363 [PubMed - in process]
- Observation of extreme temporal events in CW-pumped supercontinuum.
Mussot A, Kudlinski A, Kolobov M, Louvergneaux E, Douay M, Taki M.
Opt Express. 2009 Sep 14;17(19):17010-5. doi: 10.1364/OE.17.017010.
PMID: 19770919 [PubMed - in process]
- Large-mode-area ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier with distributed narrow spectral filtering and reduced bend sensitivity.
Alkeskjold TT.
Opt Express. 2009 Sep 14;17(19):16394-405. doi: 10.1364/OE.17.016394.
PMID: 19770853 [PubMed - in process]
- Synthesis, structure, and reaction chemistry of samarium(II), europium(II), and ytterbium(II) complexes of the unsymmetrical benzamidinate ligand [PhC(NSiMe(3))(NC(6)H(3)Pr(i)(2)-2,6)](-).
Yao S, Chan HS, Lam CK, Lee HK.
Inorg Chem. 2009 Oct 19;48(20):9936-46.
PMID: 19757783 [PubMed - in process]
- Broadly tunable carrier envelope phase stable optical parametric amplifier pumped by a monolithic ytterbium fiber amplifier.
Fernández A, Zhu L, Verhoef AJ, Sidorov-Biryukov D, Pugzlys A, Baltuska A, Liao KH, Liu ChH, Galvanauskas A, Kane S, Holzwarth R, Ilday FO.
Opt Lett. 2009 Sep 15;34(18):2799-801. doi: 10.1364/OL.34.002799.
PMID: 19756109 [PubMed - in process]
- Structure and photophysics of near-infrared emissive ytterbium(III) monoporphyrinate acetate complexes having neutral bidentate ligands.
He H, Sykes AG, May PS, He G.
Dalton Trans. 2009 Sep 28;(36):7454-61. Epub 2009 Jul 27.
PMID: 19727467 [PubMed - in process]
- BaLn2Se4 (Ln = Er, Tm and Yb).
Bugaris DE, Ibers JA.
Acta Crystallogr C. 2009 Sep;65(Pt 9):i60-2. Epub 2009 Aug 22.
PMID: 19726843 [PubMed - in process]
- Experimental investigation of radiation effect on erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier for space optical communication in low-dose radiation environment.
Ma J, Li M, Tan L, Zhou Y, Yu S, Ran Q.
Opt Express. 2009 Aug 31;17(18):15571-7. doi: 10.1364/OE.17.015571.
PMID: 19724555 [PubMed - in process]
- Quantum-limited noise performance of a femtosecond all-fiber ytterbium laser.
Prochnow O, Paschotta R, Benkler E, Morgner U, Neumann J, Wandt D, Kracht D.
Opt Express. 2009 Aug 31;17(18):15525-33. doi: 10.1364/OE.17.015525.
PMID: 19724550 [PubMed - in process]
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Material Safety Data Sheet |
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1 Identification of substance
- Product details
- Trade name Ytterbium metal
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2 Composition/Data on components:
- Chemical characterization:
Designation: (CAS#)
Ytterbium (CAS# 7440-64-4); 100%
- Identification number(s):
- EINECS Number: 231-173-2
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3 Hazards identification
- Hazard designation: · void
- Information pertaining to particular dangers for man and environment
Fine powder:
R 11 Highly flammable
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4 First aid measures
- General information No special measures required.
- After inhalation Seek medical treatment in case of complaints.
- After skin contact The product is not skin irritating.
- After eye contact
Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. If symptoms persist, consult doctor.
- After swallowing Seek medical treatment.
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5 Fire fighting measures
- Suitable extinguishing agents Extinguishing powder. Do not use water.
- For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents Water.
- Protective equipment: No special measures required.
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6 Accidental release measures
- Person-related safety precautions: Not required.
- Measures for environmental protection:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
- Measures for cleaning/collecting: Collect mechanically.
- Additional information:
See Section 7 for information on safe handling
See section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
See Section 13 for information on disposal.
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7 Handling and storage
- Handling
- Information for safe handling:
Keep containers tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
No special precautions necessary if used correctly.
- Information about protection against explosions and fires:
No special measures required.
- Storage
- Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers:
No special requirements.
- Information about storage in one common storage facility: Not required.
- Further information about storage conditions:
Protect from humidity and keep away from water.
Store under dry inert gas.
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8 Exposure controls and personal protection
- Additional information about design of technical systems:
No further data; see item 7.
- Components with critical values that require monitoring at the
workplace:
Not required.
- Additional information: No data
- Personal protective equipment
- General protective and hygienic measures
The usual precautionary measures should be adhered to in handling the chemicals.
- Breathing equipment: Not required.
- Protection of hands: Not required.
- Eye protection: Safety glasses
- Body protection: Protective work clothing.
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9 Physical and chemical properties:
- General Information
- Form: Solid.
- Colour: Silver grey
- Smell: Odourless
- Value/Range Unit Method
- Change in condition
- Melting point/Melting range: 824 ° C
- Boiling point/Boiling range: 1427 ° C
- Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined
- Flash point: Not applicable
- Inflammability (solid, gaseous) Product is not inflammable.
Powder: highly flammable
- Ignition temperature: Not determined
- Decomposition temperature: Not determined
- Danger of explosion: Product is not explosive.
- Critical values for explosion:
- Lower: Not determined
- Upper: Not determined
- Steam pressure: Not determined
- Density at 20 ° C 6.98 g/cm³
- Solubility in / Miscibility with
- Water: Hydrolyzes slowly
Not determined
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10 Stability and reactivity
- Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications.
- Materials to be avoided:
Water/moisture
Oxidizing agents
Acids
Halogens
- Dangerous reactions:
Turnings, chips: contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
- Dangerous products of decomposition: Metal oxide
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11 Toxicological information
- Acute toxicity:
- Primary irritant effect:
- on the skin: May cause irritation
- on the eye: May cause irritation
- Sensitization: No sensitizing effect known.
- Additional toxicological information:
To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) contains tumorigenic and/or carcinogenic and/or neoplastic data for this product.
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12 Ecological information:
- General notes:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water bodies or sewage system.
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13 Disposal considerations
- Product:
- Recommendation
Consult state, local or national regulations for proper disposal.
Hand over to disposers of hazardous waste.
Must be specially treated under adherence to official regulations.
- Uncleaned packagings:
- Recommendation:
Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
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14 Transport information
- Land transport ADR/RID and GGVS/GGVE (cross-border/domestic)
- ADR/RID-GGVS/E Class: None
- Maritime transport IMDG/GGVSea:
- IMDG/GGVSea Class: None
- Air transport ICAO-TI and IATA-DGR:
- ICAO/IATA Class: None
- Transport/Additional information:
Not dangerous according to the above specifications.
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15 Regulatory information
- Designation according to EC guidelines:
Observe the normal safety regulations when handling chemicals
The product is not subject to identification regulations under EC Directives and the Ordinance on Hazardous Materials (GefStoffV).
- National regulations
- Information about limitation of use:
For use only by technically qualified individuals.
- Water hazard class:
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
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16 Other information:
Employers should use this information only as a supplement to other information gathered by them, and should make independent judgement of suitability of this information to ensure proper use and protect the health and safety of employees. This information is furnished without warranty, and any use of the product not in conformance with this Material Safety Data Sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the user.
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