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Yttrium Coins
High Purity Y Coins
7440-65-5
Product
Product Code
Order or Specifications
99% Yttrium Coins
Y-M-02-BCN
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99.9% Yttrium Coins
Y-M-03-BCN
Contact American Elements
99.99% Yttrium Coins
Y-M-04-BCN
Contact American Elements
99.99% Yttrium Coins
Y-M-05-BCN
Contact American Elements
American Elements' AE Bullion™ group mints certified high purity Yttrium Coins from laboratory certified engineered materials with properties applicable to chemical vapor deposition (CVP) for thin film and laboratory standard impurity levels for short and long term physical possession and to allow for exposure and controlled risk to industrial demand fluctuations reflected in the global yttrium price. Coins are manufactured and minted under written SOPs (standard operating procedures) to assure quality and consistency by American Elements' AE Planchet of Ultra High Purity Metal Metals™ custom synthesis and refining group. Besides yttrium coins, yttrium bars and yttrium ingots may be purchased by funds, currency reserves, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), private investors, collectors and hobbyists to take direct physical title and possession of the metal with risk exposure from shortages or chemical/physical technology changes, such as in solar energy, and fuel cell developments, equivalent to movements in the industrial application price of Yttrium. American Elements offers bonded short and long term warehouse inventory services for AE Bullion™ coins to investors, funds and collectors who do not wish to take physical custody of the metal or lack secure storage or warehouse capabilities. The lowest possible coin unit price to Yttrium melt value ratio is maintained through state of the art mint and die systems and analytically certified rounds (planchet or flan) refined and pressed to exacting purity and weight. We also produce Yttrium as rod, pellets, powder, pieces, disc, granules, and wire, as nanoparticles and in compound forms, such as oxide. Yttrium Coins may be purchased in bulk or small quantity. Portfolios of different elemental metal coins or bars may also be structured and purchased from the AE Bullion™ group allowing for strategic risk allocation and indexing across a basket of metals.

Etching of Medieval Minting Equipment and Processes Yttrium is a Block D, Group 3, Period 5 element. The electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d1 5s2. In its elemental form yttrium's CAS number is 7440-65-5. The yttrium atom has a radius of 177.6.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Yttrium has the highest thermo-dynamic affinity for oxygen of any element. This characteristic is the basis for many of its applications. While not part of the rare earth series, it resembles the heavy rare earths which are sometimes referred to as the “yttrics” for this reason. Another unique characteristic derives from its ability to form crystals with useful properties. Yttrium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder.

Formula CAS No. Appearance Molecular Weight Density Melting Point Boiling Point Solubility Stability
Y 7440-65-5 Silvery 88.91 4472 kg/m³ 1526°C 3336°C N/A Fairly stable in air
PRODUCT CATALOG Yttrium Research, Properties, & Information Submicron & Nanopowder Tolling Ultra High Purity Sputtering Target Crystal Growth Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. MSDS
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Recent Research & Development for Yttrium



  • Yttrium pyrogermanate, Y(2)Ge(2)O(7). Acta Crystallogr C. 2007 Oct;63(Pt 10):i93-i95. Epub 2007 Sep 29.

  • Reduction of Arteriohepatovenous Shunting by Temporary Balloon Occlusion in Patients Undergoing Radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007 Oct;18(10):1310-1314.

  • Tattoo removal - state of the art. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2007 Oct;5(10):889-897.

  • Structural Varieties in Heterobimetallic Lanthanide Disiloxanediolates: "Inorganic Metallocenes" versus In-Plane Metallacrowns. Inorg Chem. 2007 Oct 2; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications can improve photoreceptor survival after laser retinal photocoagulation. Ophthalmology. 2007 Oct;114(10):1876-83.

  • Synthesis and characterisation of yttrium complexes supported by the beta-diketiminate ligand {ArNC(CH3)CHC(CH3)NAr}- (Ar = 2,6-Pr(i)2C6H3). Dalton Trans. 2007 Aug 14;(30):3305-13. Epub 2007 Jun 20.

  • Visual Outcome and Rehabilitation in a Case of Bilateral Acanthamoeba Sclerokeratitis. Cornea. 2007 Oct;26(9):1150-1152.

  • Radioimmunotherapy and stem-cell transplantation in the treatment of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2007 Sep 19;:1-11 [Epub ahead of print]

  • Computer-assisted evaluation of microleakage after apical resection with laser and conventional techniques. Lasers Med Sci. 2007 Sep 21; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin(R)): A new bullet in the fight against malignant lymphoma? Biotechnol J. 2007 Sep 20; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of Bis(phthalocyaninato) Yttrium and Lanthanum Complexes: Theoretical Study Based on Density Functional Theory Calculations.
    J Phys Chem A Mol Spectrosc Kinet Environ Gen Theory. 2007 Jan 18;111(2):392-400.

  • Office-based and microlaryngeal applications of a fiber-based thulium laser.
    Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2006 Dec;115(12):891-6.

  • Treatment of cystic craniopharyngiomas with yttrium-90 colloid solution.
    Neurosurg Focus. 1997 Dec 15;3(6):e6.

  • Percutaneous lumbar discectomy with a working endoscope and laser assistance.
    Neurosurg Focus. 1998 Feb 15;4(2):e9.

  • Urinary yttrium excretion and effects of yttrium chloride on renal function in rats.
    Biol Trace Elem Res. 2006 Winter;114(1-3):225-36.

  • A multicentric phase II clinical trial on intra-arterial hepatic radiotherapy with 90yttrium SIR-spheres in unresectable, colorectal liver metastases refractory to i.v. chemotherapy: preliminary results on toxicity and response rates.
    In Vivo. 2006 Nov-Dec;20(6A):711-4.

  • Treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation by erbium-doped:yttrium, yttrium, and garnet laser for esthetic purposes.
    J Periodontol. 2007 Jan;78(1):177-84.

  • Evidence of the efficacy of radiation synovectomy with yttrium-90: Comment on the article by Jahangier et al.
    Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Dec 28;56(1):386 [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.

  • An HPLC/mass spectrometry platform for the development of multimodality contrast agents and targeted therapeutics: prostate-specific membrane antigen small molecule derivatives.
    Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2006 Sep;1(5):196-211.

  • Synthesis of yttria-based crystalline and lamellar nanostructures and their formation mechanism.
    Small. 2005 Jan;1(1):112-21.

 

 

Material Safety Data Sheet
  • 1 Identification of substance

    • Product details

    • Trade name Yttrium ingot
  • 2 Composition/Data on components:

    • Chemical characterization:
                 Designation: (CAS#)                                        
      Yttrium (CAS# 7440-65-5), 100%
    • Identification number(s):
    • EINECS Number: 231-174-8
  • 3 Hazards identification

    • Hazard designation: · void
    • Information pertaining to particular dangers for man and environment
      Not applicable
  • 4 First aid measures

    • After inhalation
      Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptoms persist.
      Seek immediate medical advice.
    • After skin contact
      Instantly wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.
      Seek immediate medical advice.
    • After eye contact
      Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Then consult doctor.
    • After swallowing Seek medical treatment.
  • 5 Fire fighting measures

    • Suitable extinguishing agents Extinguishing powder. Do not use water.
    • For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents
      Water.
      Halocarbon extinguisher
    • Protective equipment:
      Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
      Wear full protective suit.
  • 6 Accidental release measures

    • Person-related safety precautions:
      Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.
      Ensure adequate ventilation
    • Measures for environmental protection:
      Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
    • Measures for cleaning/collecting: Collect mechanically.
    • Additional information:
      See Section 7 for information on safe handling
      See section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
      See Section 13 for information on disposal.
  • 7 Handling and storage


    • Handling
    • Information for safe handling:
      Keep containers tightly sealed.
      Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
      No special precautions necessary if used correctly.
    • Information about protection against explosions and fires:
      Fine powder: highly flammable

    • Storage
    • Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers:
      No special requirements.
    • Information about storage in one common storage facility:
      Store away from air.
      Do not store together with acids.
      Store away from oxidizing agents.
      Store away from halogens.
      Do not store together with alkalis (caustic solutions).
    • Further information about storage conditions:
      Avoid contact with air / oxygen.
      Keep container tightly sealed.
      Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
  • 8 Exposure controls and personal protection

    • Additional information about design of technical systems:
      Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and having an average face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.

    • Components with critical values that require monitoring at the
      workplace:                                                             

      Yttrium and compounds, as Y
                             mg/m3
      ACGIH TLV             1
      Austria MAK           1
      Belgium TWA           1
      Denmark TWA           1
      Finland TWA           1
      France VME            1
      Germany TWA           5
      Korea TLV             1
      Netherlands MAC-TGG   1
      Norway TWA            1
      Poland TWA            1
      Switzerland MAK-W     1
      United Kingdom TWA    1; 3-STEL
      OSHA PEL              1
    • Additional information: No data

    • Personal protective equipment
    • General protective and hygienic measures
      The usual precautionary measures should be adhered to in handling the chemicals.
      Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and food.
      Instantly remove any soiled and impregnated garments.
      Wash hands during breaks and at the end of the work.
    • Breathing equipment: Use breathing protection with high concentrations.
    • Protection of hands: Impervious gloves
    • Eye protection: Safety glasses
    • Body protection: Protective work clothing.
  • 9 Physical and chemical properties:

    • General Information

    • Form: Solid.
    • Colour: Grey
    • Smell: Odourless
    •   Value/Range  Unit    Method      
    • Change in condition
    • Melting point/Melting range:                  1522 ° C
    • Boiling point/Boiling range:                  2927 ° C
    • Sublimation temperature / start:   Not determined

    • Flash point:                       Not applicable

    • Inflammability (solid, gaseous)    Product is not inflammable.

    • Ignition temperature:              Not determined

    • Decomposition temperature:         Not determined

    • Danger of explosion:               Product is not explosive.

    • Critical values for explosion:
    • Lower:                             Not determined
    • Upper:                             Not determined

    • Steam pressure:                    Not determined

    • Density                at   20 ° C           4.472 g/cm³

    • Solubility in / Miscibility with
    • Water:                             Insoluble
  • 10 Stability and reactivity

    • Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
      No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications.
    • Materials to be avoided:
      Acids
      Halogens
      Bases
      Water/moisture
      Air
      Light
    • Dangerous reactions: Contact with acids releases flammable gases
    • Dangerous products of decomposition: Metal oxide
  • 11 Toxicological information

    • Acute toxicity:
    • Primary irritant effect:
    • on the skin: Powder: irritant effect
    • on the eye: Powder: irritant effect
    • Sensitization: No sensitizing effect known.
    • Additional toxicological information:
      To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
      No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.
  • 12 Ecological information:

    • General notes:
      Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
      Generally not hazardous for water.
  • 13 Disposal considerations


    • Product:
    • Recommendation
      Consult state, local or national regulations for proper disposal.
      Hand over to disposers of hazardous waste.
      Must be specially treated under adherence to official regulations.

    • Uncleaned packagings:
    • Recommendation:
      Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
  • 14 Transport information


    • Land transport ADR/RID and GGVS/GGVE (cross-border/domestic)
    • ADR/RID-GGVS/E Class:         None

    • Maritime transport IMDG/GGVSea:
    • IMDG/GGVSea Class:        None

    • Air transport ICAO-TI and IATA-DGR:
    • ICAO/IATA Class:          None

    • Transport/Additional information:
      Not dangerous according to the above specifications.
  • 15 Regulatory information


    • Designation according to EC guidelines:
      Observe the normal safety regulations when handling chemicals
      The product is not subject to identification regulations under EC Directives and the Ordinance on Hazardous Materials (GefStoffV).

    • National regulations

    • Information about limitation of use:
      For use only by technically qualified individuals.

    • Water hazard class: Generally not hazardous for water.
  • 16 Other information:

      Employers should use this information only as a supplement to other information gathered by them, and should make independent judgement of suitability of this information to ensure proper use and protect the health and safety of employees.  This information is furnished without warranty, and any use of the product not in conformance with this Material Safety Data Sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the user.
  •  

     

     

    Recent Research & Development for Yttrium Metal

    • Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of Bis(phthalocyaninato) Yttrium and Lanthanum Complexes: Theoretical Study Based on Density Functional Theory Calculations.
      J Phys Chem A Mol Spectrosc Kinet Environ Gen Theory. 2007 Jan 18;111(2):392-400.

    • Office-based and microlaryngeal applications of a fiber-based thulium laser.
      Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2006 Dec;115(12):891-6.

    • Treatment of cystic craniopharyngiomas with yttrium-90 colloid solution.
      Neurosurg Focus. 1997 Dec 15;3(6):e6.

    • Percutaneous lumbar discectomy with a working endoscope and laser assistance.
      Neurosurg Focus. 1998 Feb 15;4(2):e9.

    • Urinary yttrium excretion and effects of yttrium chloride on renal function in rats.
      Biol Trace Elem Res. 2006 Winter;114(1-3):225-36.

    • A multicentric phase II clinical trial on intra-arterial hepatic radiotherapy with 90yttrium SIR-spheres in unresectable, colorectal liver metastases refractory to i.v. chemotherapy: preliminary results on toxicity and response rates.
      In Vivo. 2006 Nov-Dec;20(6A):711-4.

    • Treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation by erbium-doped:yttrium, yttrium, and garnet laser for esthetic purposes.
      J Periodontol. 2007 Jan;78(1):177-84.

    • Evidence of the efficacy of radiation synovectomy with yttrium-90: Comment on the article by Jahangier et al.
      Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Dec 28;56(1):386 [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.

    • An HPLC/mass spectrometry platform for the development of multimodality contrast agents and targeted therapeutics: prostate-specific membrane antigen small molecule derivatives.
      Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2006 Sep;1(5):196-211.

    • Synthesis of yttria-based crystalline and lamellar nanostructures and their formation mechanism.
      Small. 2005 Jan;1(1):112-21.

     

     

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