Zirconium Selenide is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Zirconium is a Block D, Group 4, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Zirconium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d2 5s2. In its elemental form zirconium's CAS number is 7440-67-7. The zirconium atom has a radius of 159.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Zirconium is non-toxic. Zirconium is primarily used in it's oxide or zirconia form. Zirconium dioxide has a high melting point (2,700° C) and a low thermal conductivity. Its polymorphism, however, restricts its widespread use in ceramic industry. During a heating process, zirconia will undergo a phase transformation process. The change in volume associated with this transformation makes the usage of pure zirconia in many applications impossible. Addition of some oxides, such as CaO, MgO, and Y2O3, into the zirconia structure in a certain degree results in a solid solution, which is a cubic form and has no phase transformation during heating and cooling. This solid solution material is termed as stabilized zirconia, a valuable refractory. Stabilized zirconia is used as a grinding media and engineering ceramics due to its increased hardness and high thermal shock resistivity. Stabilized zirconia is also used in applications such as oxygen sensors and solid oxide fuel cells due to its high oxygen ion conductivity.Zirconium was first discovered by William Gregor in 1791. The name Zirconium originated from the Persian word 'zargun' meaning gold color or gold-like. See Zirconium research below.
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Zirconium arsenate-modified silica nanoparticles for specific capture of phosphopeptides and direct analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.
Zhao PX, Guo XF, Wang H, Qi CB, Xia HS, Zhang HS.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2011 Nov 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22105300
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A surface derivatization strategy for combinatorial analysis of cell response to mixtures of protein domains.
Chiang C, Karuri SW, Kshatriya PP, Schwartz J, Schwarzbauer JE, Karuri NW.
Langmuir. 2011 Nov 21. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22103809
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Environmentally stable flexible metal-insulator-metal capacitors using zirconium-silicate and hafnium-silicate thin film composite materials as gate dielectrics.
Meena JS, Chu MC, Wu CS, Ravipati S, Ko FH.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Aug;11(8):6858-67.
PMID:
22103091
[PubMed - in process]
Highly sensitive protein kinase activity assay based on electrochemiluminescence nanoprobes.
Zhao Z, Zhou X, Xing D.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22100765
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Corrosion fatigue behavior of a biocompatible ultrafine-grained niobium alloy in simulated body fluid.
Rubitschek F, Niendorf T, Karaman I, Maier HJ.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2012 Jan;5(1):181-92. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
PMID:
22100093
[PubMed - in process]
Fabrication and characterization of biocompatible nacre-like structures from ?-zirconium hydrogen phosphate hydrate and chitosan.
Waraich SM, Hering B, Burghard Z, Bill J, Behrens P, Menzel H.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Oct 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22099057
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Wear resistance of experimental titanium alloys for dental applications.
Faria AC, Rodrigues RC, Claro AP, de Mattos Mda G, Ribeiro RF.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2011 Nov;4(8):1873-9. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
PMID:
22098886
[PubMed - in process]
Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Cyanate Ester/Nano-ZrW(2)O(8) Composites with Tailored Thermal Expansion.
Badrinarayanan P, Rogalski MK, Kessler MR.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22098430
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Single-step fabrication of nanolamellar structured oxide ceramic coatings by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition.
Eils NK, Mechnich P, Keune H, Wahl G, Klages CP.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Sep;11(9):8396-402.
PMID:
22097592
[PubMed - in process]
Metalcones: hybrid organic-inorganic films fabricated using atomic and molecular layer deposition techniques.
George SM, Lee BH, Yoon B, Abdulagatov AI, Hall RA.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Sep;11(9):7948-55.
PMID:
22097511
[PubMed - in process]
Reliability and fatigue failure modes of implant-supported aluminum-oxide fixed dental prostheses.
Stappert CF, Baldassarri M, Zhang Y, Hänssler F, Rekow ED, Van P Thompson.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Sep 5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02281.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22093019
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Titanium-zirconium alloy narrow-diameter implants (Straumann Roxolid(®) ) for the rehabilitation of horizontally deficient edentulous ridges: prospective study on 18 consecutive patients.
Chiapasco M, Casentini P, Zaniboni M, Corsi E, Anello T.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Aug 18. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02296.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22092806
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Retention of implant-supported zirconium oxide ceramic restorations using different luting agents.
Nejatidanesh F, Savabi O, Shahtoosi M.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Nov 14. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02358.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22092303
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Tetra-kis(picolinato-?N,O)zirconium(IV) dihydrate.
Steyn M, Visser HG, Roodt A, Muller TJ.
Acta Crystallogr E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Sep 1;67(Pt 9):m1240-1. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
PMID:
22065566
[PubMed]
2,4-Pentanediolate as an Alkoxide/Diketonate "Hybrid" Ligand and the Formation of Aluminum and Zirconium Derivatives.
Bierschenk EJ, Wilk NR, Hanusa TP.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22053749
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of mesoporous zirconia-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites and their dual surface affinity for Cr3+/Cr2O72- ions.
Achelhi K, Masse S, Laurent GP, Roux C, Laghzizil A, Saoiabi A, Coradin T.
Langmuir. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22053732
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Synthesis, Characterization, and Materials Chemistry of Group 4 Silylimides.
Cosham SD, Johnson AL, Molloy KC, Kingsley AJ.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22053704
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Influence of cement thickness on resin-zirconia microtensile bond strength.
Lee TH, Ahn JS, Shim JS, Han CH, Kim SJ.
J Adv Prosthodont. 2011 Sep;3(3):119-25. Epub 2011 Sep 25.
PMID:
22053241
[PubMed]
Reliability of a new biokinetic model of zirconium in internal dosimetry: part ii, parameter sensitivity analysis.
Li WB, Greiter M, Oeh U, Hoeschen C.
Health Phys. 2011 Dec;101(6):677-92.
PMID:
22048486
[PubMed - in process]
Reliability of a new biokinetic model of zirconium in internal dosimetry: part I, parameter uncertainty analysis.
Li WB, Greiter M, Oeh U, Hoeschen C.
Health Phys. 2011 Dec;101(6):660-76.
PMID:
22048485
[PubMed - in process]
Toenail selenium status and the risk of Barrett's esophagus: the Netherlands Cohort Study.
Steevens J, Schouten LJ, Driessen AL, Huysentruyt CJ, Keulemans YC, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2010 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936529 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Promotion of Growth in Mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) by Selenium is Associated with Stimulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism.
Malik JA, Kumar S, Thakur P, Sharma S, Kaur N, Kaur R, Pathania D, Bhandhari K, Kaushal N, Singh K, Srivastava A, Nayyar H.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Oct 9. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936436 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Transition metal chemistry of cyclodiphosphanes containing phosphine and amide-phosphine functionalities: Formation of a stable dipalladium(II) complex containing a Pd-P s-bond.
Balakrishna MS, Venkateswaran R, Mague JT.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20936211 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Associations between blood metals and fecundity among women residing in New York State.
Bloom MS, Louis GM, Sundaram R, Kostyniak PJ, Jain J.
Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933593 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
The protective role of selenium in recalcitrant Acer saccharium L. seeds subjected to desiccation.
Pukacka S, Ratajczak E, Kalemba E.
J Plant Physiol. 2010 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933296 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Trace element concentrations in nesting flatback turtles (Natator depressus) from Curtis Island, Queensland, Australia.
Ikonomopoulou MP, Olszowy H, Limpus C, Francis R, Whittier J.
Mar Environ Res. 2010 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20933265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Correlation between serum selenium level and febrile seizures.
Mahyar A, Ayazi P, Fallahi M, Javadi A.
Pediatr Neurol. 2010 Nov;43(5):331-4.PMID: 20933176 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Anti-Tumor Activity of Aloe vera Against DMBA/Croton Oil-Induced Skin Papillomagenesis in Swiss Albino Mice.
Saini M, Goyal PK, Chaudhary G.
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2010;29(2):127-35.PMID: 20932247 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Aluminosilicate Relatives: Chalcogenoaluminogermanates Rb(3)(AlQ(2))(3)(GeQ(2))(7) (Q = S, Se).
Rothenberger A, Shafaei-Fallah M, Kanatzidis MG.
Inorg Chem. 2010 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20932019 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
A Nutrient Approach to Prostate Cancer Prevention: The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT).
Dunn BK, Richmond ES, Minasian LM, Ryan AM, Ford LG.
Nutr Cancer. 2010 Oct;62(7):896-918.PMID: 20924966 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Serum levels of selenium in patients with breast cancer before and after treatment of external beam radiotherapy.
Franca CA, Nogueira CR, Ramalho A, Carvalho AC, Vieira SL, Penna AB.
Ann Oncol. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20924074 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Kenji Soda--researching enzymes with the spirit of an alpinist.
Yoshimura T, Mihara H, Ohshima T, Tanizawa K.
J Biochem. 2010 Oct;148(4):371-9.PMID: 20924059 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Inhibitory effect of arsenic on aerobic gut flora in rat.
Choudhry ZK, Misbahuddin M, Hosain AK, Saleh AA.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2009 Dec;35(3):79-83.PMID: 20922909 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
[Endemic and biogeochemical features of the territory of Chuvash Republic]
[No authors listed]
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2010;(8):40-6. Russian. PMID: 20922843 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Interaction of uranyl with Se(IV) and Se(VI) in aqueous acid solutions by means of capillary electrophoresis.
Sladkov V.
Electrophoresis. 2010 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20922762 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Ensemble Modeling Coupled with Six Element Concentrations in Human Blood for Cancer Diagnosis.
Chen H, Tan C, Wu T.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20922500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Use of dietary vitamin E and selenium (Se) to increase the shelf life of modified atmosphere packaged light lamb meat.
Ripoll G, Joy M, Muñoz F.
Meat Sci. 2010 Sep 18. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20920835 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Impacts of maternal selenium and nutritional level on growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in female offspring in sheep.
Vonnahme KA, Luther JS, Reynolds LP, Hammer CJ, Carlson DB, Redmer DA, Caton JS.
Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2010 Nov;39(4):240-8. Epub 2010 Jul 25.PMID: 20920781 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Mutations disrupting selenocysteine formation cause progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy.
Agamy O, Ben Zeev B, Lev D, Marcus B, Fine D, Su D, Narkis G, Ofir R, Hoffmann C, Leshinsky-Silver E, Flusser H, Sivan S, Söll D, Lerman-Sagie T, Birk OS.
Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Oct 8;87(4):538-44.PMID: 20920667 [PubMed - in process]Related citations
Developmental toxicity of selenium to Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma).
McDonald BG, Debruyn AM, Elphick JR, Davies M, Bustard D, Chapman PM.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20891017 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations
Zirconium Selenide is a crystal grown product generally immediately available in most volumes. Technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Zirconium is a Block D, Group 4, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Zirconium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d2 5s2. In its elemental form zirconium's CAS number is 7440-67-7. The zirconium atom has a radius of 159.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Zirconium is non-toxic. Zirconium is primarily used in it's oxide or zirconia form. Zirconium dioxide has a high melting point (2,700° C) and a low thermal conductivity. Its polymorphism, however, restricts its widespread use in ceramic industry. During a heating process, zirconia will undergo a phase transformation process. The change
in volume associated with this transformation makes the usage of pure zirconia in many applications impossible. Addition of some oxides, such as CaO, MgO, and Y2O3, into the zirconia structure in a 
certain degree results in a solid solution, which is a cubic form and has no phase transformation during heating and cooling. This solid solution material is termed as stabilized zirconia, a valuable refractory. Stabilized zirconia is used as a grinding media and engineering ceramics due to its increased hardness and high thermal shock resistivity. Stabilized zirconia is also used in applications such as oxygen sensors and solid oxide fuel cells due to its high oxygen ion conductivity.Zirconium was first discovered by William Gregor in 1791. The name Zirconium originated from the Persian word 'zargun' meaning gold color or gold-like. See Zirconium research below. 
Selenium is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. In its elemental form selenium's CAS number is 7782-49-2. The selenium atom has a radius of 116.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 190.pm. The EPA does not classify selenium as carcinogenic, although selenium sulfide 
is a probable carcinogen. Selenates and selenites which are compounds of selenium, are highly toxic. Hydrogen selenide gas (SeH2) is the most acutely toxic compound of selenium. Selenium exhibits both photovoltaic action, where light is converted directly into electricity, and photoconductive action, where the electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination. of photocells and exposure meters for photographic use, as 
well as solar cells. Below its melting point, selenium is a p-type semiconductor and has many uses in electronic and solid-state applications. Selenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Selenium was first discovered by Jons Berzelius in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê" meaning moon. See selenium research below.
