Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy

Wood's Metal

CAS #:

Linear Formula:

Bi-Pb-Cd-Sn

MDL Number:

MFCD00801077

EC No.:

N/A

ORDER

PRODUCT Product Code ORDER SAFETY DATA TECHNICAL DATA
Bi-50% Pb-25% Cd-12.5% Sn-12.5%
BIPB-CDSN-01-P.125SN
Pricing > SDS > Data Sheet >
Bi-50% Pb-39% Cd-7% Sn-4%
BIPB-CDSN-01-P.04SN
Pricing > SDS > Data Sheet >
Bi-50% Pb-39% Cd-8% Sn-3%
BIPB-CDSN-01-P.03SN
Pricing > SDS > Data Sheet >

Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy Properties (Theoretical)

Compound Formula BiCdPbSn
Molecular Weight 647.3
Appearance Silvery-gray metallic solid in various forms
Melting Point 73-77 °C
Boiling Point N/A
Density 9.7 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O N/A
Exact Mass 650.763 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 650.763 g/mol

Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy Health & Safety Information

Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H330-H341-H350-H361-H372-H410
Hazard Codes T,N
Precautionary Statements P201-P202-P260-P264-P270-P271-P273-P280-P284-P304+P340+P310-P308+P313-P391-P403+P233-P405-P501
Risk Codes N/A
Safety Statements N/A
Transport Information UN288 6.1/PG II
GHS Pictograms

View and Print SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEET

Date Accessed: 03/28/2024
Date Revised:01/15/2022

SECTION 1. IDENTIFICATION

Product Name: Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy

Product Number: All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. BIPB-CDSN-01-P.125SN , BIPB-CDSN-01-P.04SN , BIPB-CDSN-01-P.03SN

CAS #: 76093-98-6

Relevant identified uses of the substance: Scientific research and development

Supplier details:
American Elements
10884 Weyburn Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90024
Tel: +1 310-208-0551
Fax: +1 310-208-0351

Emergency telephone number:
Domestic, North America: +1 800-424-9300
International: +1 703-527-3887


SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 2), H330
Germ cell mutagenicity (Category 2), H341
Carcinogenicity (Category 1A), H350
Reproductive toxicity (Category 2), H361
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure (Category 1), H372
Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H400
Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H410

2.2 GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Skull and Crossbones - GHS06Health Hazard - GHS08Environment - GHS09

Pictogram
Signal word Danger
Hazard statement(s)
H330 Fatal if inhaled.
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects.
H350 May cause cancer.
H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.
H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statement(s)
P201 Obtain special instructions before use.
P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and
understood.
P260 Do not breathe dust/ fume/ gas/ mist/ Vapors/ spray.
P264 Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P280 Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face
protection.
P284 Wear respiratory protection.
P304 + P340 + P310 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for
breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/ physician.
P308 + P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/ attention.
P391 Collect spillage.
P403 + P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
2.3 Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) or not covered by GHS - none


SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

3.2 Mixtures
Hazardous components
Component Classification Concentration
Cadmium Included in the Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) according to
Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH)
CAS-No.
EC-No.
Index-No.
7440-43-9
231-152-8
048-002-00-0
Acute Tox. 2; Muta. 2; Carc.
1B; Repr. 2; STOT RE 1;
Aquatic Acute 1; Aquatic
Chronic 1; H330, H341, H350,
H361, H372, H410
>= 10 - < 20 %


SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES

4.1 Description of first aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.Move out of dangerous area.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Take victim immediately to hospital. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2.2) and/or in section 11
4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No data available


SECTION 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Cadmium/cadmium oxides, Bismuth oxides
5.3 Advice for firefighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
5.4 Further information
No data available


SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing Vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust.
For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment
must be avoided.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for
disposal.
6.4 Reference to other sections
For disposal see section 13.


SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.Further processing of solid materials may result
in the formation of combustible dusts. The potential for combustible dust formation should be taken into consideration
before additional processing occurs.
Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.
For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
7.3 Specific end use(s)
Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated


SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

8.1 Control parameters
Components with workplace control parameters
Component CAS-No. Value Control
parameters
Basis
Cadmium 7440-43-9 TWA 0.010000
mg/m3
USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
(TLV)
Remarks Kidney damage
Substances for which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices
(see BEI® section)
Suspected human carcinogen
TWA 0.002000
mg/m3
USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
(TLV)
Kidney damage
Substances for which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices
(see BEI® section)
Suspected human carcinogen
Substance listed; for more information see OSHA document
1910.1027
TWA 0.100000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
TWA 0.200000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
CEIL 0.300000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
CEIL 0.600000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
TWA 0.100000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
CEIL 0.300000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
Potential Occupational Carcinogen
See Appendix A
TWA 0.200000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
CEIL 0.600000
mg/m3
USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
PEL 0.005000
mg/m3
OSHA Specifically Regulated
Chemicals/Carcinogens
1910.1027
This standard applies to all occupational exposures to cadmium and
cadmium compounds, in all forms, and in all industries covered by
the Occupational Safety and Health Act, except the constructionrelated
industries, which are covered under 29 CFR 1926.63.
OSHA specifically regulated carcinogen
Potential Occupational Carcinogen
See Appendix A
Potential Occupational Carcinogen
See Appendix A
TWA 0.010000
mg/m3
USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
(TLV)
Kidney damage
Substances for which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices
(see BEI® section)
Suspected human carcinogen
varies
TWA 0.002000
mg/m3
USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
(TLV)
Kidney damage
Substances for which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices
(see BEI® section)
Suspected human carcinogen
varies
PEL 0.005000
mg/m3
OSHA Specifically Regulated
Chemicals/Carcinogens
1910.1027
This standard applies to all occupational exposures to cadmium and
cadmium compounds, in all forms, and in all industries covered by
the Occupational Safety and Health Act, except the constructionrelated
industries, which are covered under 29 CFR 1926.63.
OSHA specifically regulated carcinogen
TWA 0.1 mg/m3 USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
TWA 0.2 mg/m3 USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
CEIL 0.3 mg/m3 USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
CEIL 0.6 mg/m3 USA. Occupational Exposure Limits
(OSHA) - Table Z-2
Z37.5-1970
This standard applies to any operations or sectors for which the
Cadmium standard, 1910.1027, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.
Substance listed; for more information see OSHA document
1910.1027
Potential Occupational Carcinogen
See Appendix A
TWA 0.01 mg/m3 USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
(TLV)
Kidney damage
Substances for which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices
(see BEI® section)
Suspected human carcinogen
varies
TWA 0.002 mg/m3 USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
(TLV)
Kidney damage
Substances for which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices
(see BEI® section)
Suspected human carcinogen
varies
PEL 0.005 mg/m3 OSHA Specifically Regulated
Chemicals/Carcinogens
1910.1027
This standard applies to all occupational exposures to cadmium and
cadmium compounds, in all forms, and in all industries covered by
the Occupational Safety and Health Act, except the constructionrelated
industries, which are covered under 29 CFR 1926.63.
OSHA specifically regulated carcinogen
Biological occupational exposure limits
Component CAS-No. Parameters Value Biological
specimen
Basis
Cadmium 7440-43-9 cadmium 0.0050
mg/g
Urine ACGIH - Biological
Exposure Indices
(BEI)
Remarks Not critical
cadmium 5.0000
μg/l
In blood ACGIH - Biological
Exposure Indices
(BEI)
Not critical
cadmium 5 μg/l In blood ACGIH - Biological
Exposure Indices
(BEI)
Not critical
cadmium 5μg/g
creatinine
Urine ACGIH - Biological
Exposure Indices
(BEI)
Not critical
8.2 Exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate
government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without
touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after
use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.
Full contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril® (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril® (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
data source: KCL GmbH, D-36124 Eichenzell, phone +49 (0)6659 87300, e-mail sales@kcl.de, test method:
EN374
If used in solution, or mixed with other substances, and under conditions which differ from EN 374, contact the
supplier of the CE approved gloves. This recommendation is advisory only and must be evaluated by an
industrial hygienist and safety officer familiar with the specific situation of anticipated use by our customers. It
should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to
the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type
N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the
sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and
approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the
environment must be avoided.


SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
a) Appearance Form: solid, granular
Colour: light grey
b) Odor No data available
c) Odor Threshold No data available
d) pH No data available
e) Melting point/freezing
point
Melting point/range: 73 - 77 °C (163 - 171 °F)
Melting point/range: 75 °C (167 °F)
f) Initial boiling point and
boiling range
No data available
g) Flash point No data available
h) Evaporation rate No data available
i) Flammability (solid, gas) No data available
j) Upper/lower
flammability or
explosive limits
No data available
k) Vapor pressure No data available
l) Vapor density No data available
m) Relative density No data available
n) Water solubility No data available
o) Partition coefficient: noctanol/
water
No data available
p) Auto-ignition
temperature
No data available
q) Decomposition
temperature
No data available
r) Viscosity No data available
s) Explosive properties No data available
t) Oxidizing properties No data available
9.2 Other safety information
No data available


SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

10.1 Reactivity
No data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
No data available
10.4 Conditions to avoid
No data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Strong acids
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
Other decomposition products - No data available
In the event of fire: see section 5


SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

11.1 Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
No data available
Inhalation: No data available
Dermal: No data available
No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
No data available
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
No data available
Respiratory or skin sensitisation
No data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
No data available
Carcinogenicity
IARC: 1 - Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans (Cadmium)
NTP: Known to be human carcinogenThe reference note has been added by TD based on the
background information of the NTP. (Cadmium)
OSHA: OSHA specifically regulated carcinogen (Cadmium)
Reproductive toxicity
No data available
No data available
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
No data available
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
No data available
Aspiration hazard
No data available
Additional Information
RTECS: Not available
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly
investigated.
Stomach - Irregularities - Based on Human Evidence


SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

12.1 Toxicity
No data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
No data available
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
No data available
12.4 Mobility in soil
No data available
12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
PBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/not conducted
12.6 Other adverse effects
An environmental hazard cannot be excluded in the event of unprofessional handling or disposal.
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.


SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

13.1 Waste treatment methods
Product
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a
combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Offer surplus and
non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.


SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

DOT (US)
UN number: 3288 Class: 6.1 Packing group: II
Proper shipping name: Toxic solid, inorganic, n.o.s. (Cadmium)
Reportable Quantity (RQ): 80 lbs
Poison Inhalation Hazard: No
IMDG
UN number: 3288 Class: 6.1 Packing group: II EMS-No: F-A, S-A
Proper shipping name: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (Cadmium)
Marine pollutant:yes
IATA
UN number: 3288 Class: 6.1 Packing group: II
Proper shipping name: Toxic solid, inorganic, n.o.s. (Cadmium)


SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

SARA 302 Components
No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III, Section 302.
SARA 313 Components
The following components are subject to reporting levels established by SARA Title III, Section 313:
Cadmium
CAS-No.
7440-43-9
Revision Date
2007-07-01
SARA 311/312 Hazards
Acute Health Hazard, Chronic Health Hazard
Massachusetts Right To Know Components
Cadmium 7440-43-9 2007-07-01
Pennsylvania Right To Know Components
Wood's metal
CAS-No.
76093-98-6
Revision Date
Bismuth 7440-69-9
Cadmium 7440-43-9 2007-07-01
New Jersey Right To Know Components
Wood's metal
CAS-No.
76093-98-6
Revision Date
Bismuth 7440-69-9
Cadmium 7440-43-9 2007-07-01
California Prop. 65 Components
WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the
State of California to cause cancer.
Cadmium
CAS-No.
7440-43-9
Revision Date
2009-02-01
WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the
State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive
harm.
Cadmium
CAS-No.
7440-43-9
Revision Date
2009-02-01


SECTION 16. OTHER INFORMATION

Safety Data Sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH). The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. American Elements shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale. COPYRIGHT 1997-2022 AMERICAN ELEMENTS. LICENSED GRANTED TO MAKE UNLIMITED PAPER COPIES FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY.

About Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy

Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy is known by many names such as Wood's Metal, Cerrobend, Pewtalloy, Lipowitz's Alloy, MCP 158, and Bendalloy. There are many uses for Wood's Metal. Uses include helping with the recording of neural activiy, using it as a filler and using it in antique repair. Bismuth Lead Cadmium Indium Tin Alloy is one of numerous metal alloys sold by American Elements under the trade name AE Alloys™. Generally immediately available in most volumes, AE Alloys™ are available as bar, ingot, ribbon, wire, shot, sheet, and foil. Ultra high purity and high purity forms also include metal powder, submicron powder and nanoscale, targets for thin film deposition, and pellets for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) applications. American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Primary applications include bearing assembly, ballast, casting, step soldering, and radiation shielding.

Bismuth Lead Cadmium Tin Alloy Synonyms

Bismuth Lead Tin Cadmium Alloy, Cerrobend, Bendalloy, Pewtalloy, MCP 158, CAS 8049-22-7, ostalloy, Lipowit'z metal, BiCdPdSn, Bi50Cd12Pb25Sn1, Bi:Pb:Sn:Cd; 50:25:12.5:12.5, Bi 50,Pb 25,Cd 12,Sn 12, Bismuth Lead Tin Cadmium eutectic

Chemical Identifiers

Linear Formula Bi-Pb-Cd-Sn
MDL Number MFCD00801077
EC No. N/A
Pubchem CID 16211678
IUPAC Name bismuth; cadmium; lead; tin
SMILES [Cd].[Sn].[Pb].[Bi]
InchI Identifier InChI=1S/Bi.Cd.Pb.Sn
InchI Key SSWIVUPIIWJGCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Packaging Specifications

Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes, and 36,000 lb. tanker trucks.

Related Elements

Bismuth

See more Bismuth products. Bismuth (atomic symbol: Bi, atomic number: 83) is a Block P, Group 15, Period 6 element with an atomic radius of 208.98040. The number of electrons in each of Bismuth's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3. Bismuth Bohr ModelThe bismuth atom has a radius of 156 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 207 pm. In its elemental form, bismuth is a silvery white brittle metal. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic of all metals and, with the exception of mercury, its thermal conductivity is lower than any other metal. Elemental BismuthBismuth has a high electrical resistance, and has the highest Hall Effect of any metal (i.e., greatest increase in electrical resistance when placed in a magnetic field). Bismuth is found in bismuthinite and bismite. It is also produced as a byproduct of lead, copper, tin, molybdenum and tungsten extraction. Bismuth was first discovered by Early Man. The name Bismuth originates from the German word 'wissmuth,' meaning white mass.

Cadmium

See more Cadmium products. Cadmium (atomic symbol: Cd, atomic number: 48) is a Block D, Group 12, Period 5 element with an atomic weight of 112.411. Cadmium Bohr ModelThe number of electrons in each of Cadmium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 and its electron configuration is [Kr]4d10 5s2. The cadmium atom has a radius of 151 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 230 pm. Cadmium was discovered and first isolated by Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817. In its elemental form, cadmium has a silvery bluish gray metallic appearance. Cadmium makes up about 0.1 ppm of the earth's crust. Elemental CadmiumNo significant deposits of cadmium containing ores are known, however, it is sometimes found in its metallic form. It is a common impurity in zinc ores and is isolated during the production of zinc. Cadmium is a key component in battery production and particular pigments and coatings due to its distinct yellow color. Cadmium oxide is used in phosphors for television picture tubes. The name Cadmium originates from the Latin word 'cadmia' and the Greek word 'kadmeia'.

Lead

Lead Bohr ModelSee more Lead products. Lead (atomic symbol: Pb, atomic number: 82) is a Block P, Group 14, Period 6 element with an atomic radius of 207.2. The number of electrons in each of Lead's shells is [2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4] and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2. The lead atom has a radius of 175 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 202 pm. In its elemental form, lead has a metallic gray appearance. Lead occurs naturally as a mixture of four stable isotopes: 204Pb (1.48%), 206Pb (23.6%), 207Pb (22.6%), and 208Pb (52.3%). Elemental LeadLead is obtained mainly from galena (PbS) by a roasting process. Anglesite, cerussite, and minim are other common lead containing minerals. Lead does occur as a free element in nature, but it is rare. It is a dense, soft metal that is very resistant to corrosion and poorly conductive compared to other metals. Its density and low melting point make it useful in applications such as electrolysis and industrial materials.

Tin

Tin Bohr ModelSee more Tin products. Tin (atomic symbol: Sn, atomic number: 50) is a Block P, Group 14, Period 5 element with an atomic weight of 118.710. The number of electrons in each of tin's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 4 and its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2. The tin atom has a radius of 140.5 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 217 pm.In its elemental form, tin has a silvery-gray metallic appearance. It is malleable, ductile and highly crystalline. High Purity (99.9999%) Tin (Sn) MetalTin has nine stable isotopes and 18 unstable isotopes. Under 3.72 degrees Kelvin, Tin becomes a superconductor. Applications for tin include soldering, plating, and such alloys as pewter. The first uses of tin can be dated to the Bronze Age around 3000 BC in which tin and copper were combined to make the alloy bronze. The origin of the word tin comes from the Latin word Stannum which translates to the Anglo-Saxon word tin. For more information on tin, including properties, safety data, research, and American Elements' catalog of tin products, visit the Tin element page.

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