Effect of Rubidium Incorporation on the Structural, Electrical, and Photovoltaic Properties of Methylammonium Lead Iodide-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Title Effect of Rubidium Incorporation on the Structural, Electrical, and Photovoltaic Properties of Methylammonium Lead Iodide-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.
Authors I.Jae Park; S. Seo; M.Ah Park; S. Lee; D.Hoe Kim; K. Zhu; H. Shin; J.Young Kim
Journal ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
DOI 10.1021/acsami.7b13947
Abstract

We report the electrical properties of rubidium-incorporated methylammonium lead iodide ((RbxMA1-x)PbI3) films and the photovoltaic performance of (RbxMA1-x)PbI3 film-based p-i-n-type perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The incorporation of a small amount of Rb+ (x = 0.05) increases both the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of the PSCs, leading to an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, a high fraction of Rb+ incorporation (x = 0.1 and 0.2) decreases the Jsc and thus the PCE, which is attributed to the phase segregation of the single tetragonal perovskite phase to a MA-rich tetragonal perovskite phase and a RbPbI3 orthorhombic phase at high Rb fractions. Conductive atomic force microscopic and admittance spectroscopic analyses reveal that the single-phase (Rb0.05MA0.95)PbI3 film has a high electrical conductivity because of a reduced deep-level trap density. We also found that Rb substitution enhances the diode characteristics of the PSC, as evidenced by the reduced reverse saturation current (J0). The optimized (RbxMA1-x)PbI3 PSCs exhibited a PCE of 18.8% with negligible hysteresis in the photocurrent-voltage curve. The results from this work enhance the understanding of the effect of Rb incorporation into organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites and enable the exploration of Rb-incorporated mixed perovskites for various applications, such as solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes.

Citation I.Jae Park; S. Seo; M.Ah Park; S. Lee; D.Hoe Kim; K. Zhu; H. Shin; J.Young Kim.Effect of Rubidium Incorporation on the Structural, Electrical, and Photovoltaic Properties of Methylammonium Lead Iodide-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(48):4189841905. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b13947

Related Elements

Rubidium

See more Rubidium products. Rubidium (atomic symbol: Rb, atomic number: 37) is a Block S, Group 1, Period 5 element with an atomic weight of 5.4678. The number of electrons in each of Rubidium's shells is [2, 8, 18, 8, 1] and its electron configuration is [Kr] 5s1. The rubidium atom has a radius of 248 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 303 pm. Rubidium Bohr ModelRubidium is highly reactive, with properties similar to other Group 1 alkali metals, e.g., rapid oxidation in air. In its elemental form, rubidium has a gray white appearance. Rubidium is found in the minerals lepidolite, leucite, pollucite, carnallite, and zinnwaldite as well as some potassium minerals. Rubidium was discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff in 1861 and was first isolated by George de Hevesy. The name Rubidium, originates from the Latin word rubidus, meaning "dark or deepest red."

Lead

Lead Bohr ModelSee more Lead products. Lead (atomic symbol: Pb, atomic number: 82) is a Block P, Group 14, Period 6 element with an atomic radius of 207.2. The number of electrons in each of Lead's shells is [2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4] and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2. The lead atom has a radius of 175 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 202 pm. In its elemental form, lead has a metallic gray appearance. Lead occurs naturally as a mixture of four stable isotopes: 204Pb (1.48%), 206Pb (23.6%), 207Pb (22.6%), and 208Pb (52.3%). Elemental LeadLead is obtained mainly from galena (PbS) by a roasting process. Anglesite, cerussite, and minim are other common lead containing minerals. Lead does occur as a free element in nature, but it is rare. It is a dense, soft metal that is very resistant to corrosion and poorly conductive compared to other metals. Its density and low melting point make it useful in applications such as electrolysis and industrial materials.

Iodine

See more Iodine products. Iodine (atomic symbol: I, atomic number: 53) is a Block P, Group 17, Period 5 element with an atomic radius of 126.90447. The number of electrons in each of Iodine's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 7 and its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5. The iodine atom has a radius of 140 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 198 pm. In its elemental form, iodine has a lustrous metallic gray appearance as a solid and a violet appearance as a gas or liquid solution. Elemental IodineIodine forms compounds with many elements, but is less active than the other halogens. It dissolves readily in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or carbon disulfide. Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in the field of medicine. Iodine was discovered and first isolated by Bernard Courtois in 1811. The name Iodine is derived from the Greek word "iodes" meaning violet.

Nitrogen

See more Nitrogen products. Nitrogen is a Block P, Group 15, Period 2 element. Its electron configuration is [He]2s22p3. Nitrogen is an odorless, tasteless, colorless and mostly inert gas. It is the seventh most abundant element in the universe and it constitutes 78.09% (by volume) of Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772.

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