Elongation factor Tu on Escherichia coli isolated from urine of kidney stone patients promotes calcium oxalate crystal growth and aggregation.

Title Elongation factor Tu on Escherichia coli isolated from urine of kidney stone patients promotes calcium oxalate crystal growth and aggregation.
Authors P. Amimanan; R. Tavichakorntrakool; K. Fong-Ngern; P. Sribenjalux; A. Lulitanond; V. Prasongwatana; C. Wongkham; P. Boonsiri; J.Umka Welbat; V. Thongboonkerd
Journal Sci Rep
DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-03213-x
Abstract

Escherichia coli is the most common bacterium isolated from urine and stone matrix of calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formers. Whether it has pathogenic role(s) in kidney stone formation or is only entrapped inside the stone remains unclear. We thus evaluated differences between E. coli isolated from urine of patients with kidney stone (EUK) and that from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) without stone (EUU). From 100?stone formers and 200 UTI patients, only four pairs of EUK/EUU isolates had identical antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Proteomic analysis revealed nine common differentially expressed proteins. Among these, the greater level of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) in EUK was validated by Western blotting. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from EUK had greater promoting activities on CaOx crystallization, crystal growth and aggregation as compared to those derived from EUU. Neutralizing the OMVs of EUK with monoclonal anti-EF-Tu antibody, not with an isotype antibody, significantly reduced all these OMVs-induced promoting effects. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining of EF-Tu on bacterial cell surface confirmed the greater expression of surface EF-Tu on EUK (vs. EUU). Our data indicate that surface EF-Tu and OMVs play significant roles in promoting activities of E. coli on CaOx crystallization, crystal growth and aggregation.

Citation P. Amimanan; R. Tavichakorntrakool; K. Fong-Ngern; P. Sribenjalux; A. Lulitanond; V. Prasongwatana; C. Wongkham; P. Boonsiri; J.Umka Welbat; V. Thongboonkerd.Elongation factor Tu on Escherichia coli isolated from urine of kidney stone patients promotes calcium oxalate crystal growth and aggregation.. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):2953. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03213-x

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Calcium

See more Calcium products. Calcium (atomic symbol: Ca, atomic number: 20) is a Block S, Group 2, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 40.078. The number of electrons in each of Calcium's shells is [2, 8, 8, 2] and its electron configuration is [Ar]4s2. Calcium Bohr ModelThe calcium atom has a radius of 197 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 231 pm. Calcium was discovered and first isolated by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1808. It is the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust and can be found in minerals such as dolomite, gypsum, plagioclases, amphiboles, pyroxenes and garnets. In its elemental form, calcium has a dull gray-silver appearance. Calcium is a reactive, soft metal that is a member of the alkaline earth elements. Elemental CalciumIt frequently serves as an alloying agent for other metals like aluminum and beryllium, and industrial materials like cement and mortar are composed of calcium compounds like calcium carbonate. It is also an biologically essential substance found in teeth, bones, and shells. The name "calcium" originates from the Latin word "calics," meaning lime.

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