Removal of bromide from surface waters using silver impregnated activated carbon.

Title Removal of bromide from surface waters using silver impregnated activated carbon.
Authors C. Chen; O.Guven Apul; T. Karanfil
Journal Water Res
DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.019
Abstract

The main objectives of this study were to develop an understanding of silver impregnated activated carbon (SIAC) preparation for enhanced bromide (Br(-)) removal from water, and to investigate the impact of aqueous background composition on the Br(-) removal. Several SIACs were produced using various combinations of oxidation and silver impregnation procedures and powdered activated carbons (ACs). Regardless of the preparation procedure, SIACs showed significantly Br(-) uptakes than the virgin ACs. The Br(-) removal efficiency was affected by (i) the background water composition (e.g. Cl(-) and NOM competition reduced the Br(-) uptake), (ii) silver impregnation process (e.g. silver content, pre-oxidation of virgin AC; silver impregnation largely increased the Br(-) removal, and the pre-oxidation of AC prior to silver impregnation was found to be important), and (iii) AC characteristics (e.g. surface area, oxygen content; SIACs with higher silver contents and larger surface areas exhibited higher degrees of Br(-) removal). The Br(-) removal by SIAC reduced the formation of brominated THMs. Jar test results showed that coagulation did not have an impact on Br(-) removal by SIAC.

Citation C. Chen; O.Guven Apul; T. Karanfil.Removal of bromide from surface waters using silver impregnated activated carbon.. Water Res. 2017;113:223230. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.019

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Bromine

See more Bromine products. Bromine (atomic symbol: Br, atomic number: 35) is a Block P, Group 17, Period 4 element. Its electron configuration is [Ar]4s23d104p5. The bromine atom has a radius of 102 pm and its Van der Waals radius is 183 pm. In its elemental form, bromine Bromine Bohr Model has a red-brown appearance. Bromine does not occur by itself in nature; it is found as colorless soluble crystalline mineral halide salts. Bromine was discovered and first isolated by Antoine Jérôme Balard and Leopold Gmelin in 1825-1826.

Silver

See more Silver products. Silver (atomic symbol: Ag, atomic number: 47) is a Block D, Group 11, Period 5 element with an atomic weight of 107.8682. Silver Bohr ModelThe number of electrons in each of Silver's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 and its electron configuration is [Kr]4d10 5s1. The silver atom has a radius of 144 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 203 pm. Silver was first discovered by Early Man prior to 5000 BC. In its elemental form, silver has a brilliant white metallic luster. Elemental SilverIt is a little harder than gold and is very ductile and malleable, being exceeded only by gold and perhaps palladium. Pure silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of all metals and possesses the lowest contact resistance. It is stable in pure air and water, but tarnishes when exposed to ozone, hydrogen sulfide, or air containing sulfur. It is found in copper, copper-nickel, lead, and lead-zinc ores, among others. Silver was named after the Anglo-Saxon word "seolfor" or "siolfur," meaning 'silver'.

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