| Title | Resin versus Glass Microspheres for Yttrium-90 Transarterial Radioembolization: Comparing Survival in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Pretreatment Partition Model Dosimetry. |
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| Authors | VAN DER Gucht, A.; Jreige, M.; Denys, A.; Blanc-Durand, P.; Boubaker, A.; Pomoni, A.; Mitsakis, P.; Silva-Monteiro, M.; Gnesin, S.; Nicod-Lalonde, M.; Duran, R.; Prior, J.; Schaefer, N. |
| Journal | J Nucl Med |
| DOI | 10.2967/jnumed.116.184713 |
| Abstract |
The aim of this study was to compare survival of patients treated for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) with Yttrium-90 ((90)Y) transarterial radioembolization (TARE) using pretreatment partition model dosimetry (PMD). METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 77 consecutively treated (mean age 66.4 12.2 y) for uHCC (36 uni-nodular, 5 multi-nodular, 36 diffuse) with (90)Y TARE (41 resin, 36 glass) using pretreatment PMD. Study endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates. Several variables including Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, tumor size and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level) were investigated using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Characteristics of two groups were comparable in regard to demographic data, comorbidities, Child-Pugh score, BCLC, serum AFP level and (90)Y global administered activity. Median follow-up time was 7.7 months (range 0.4-50.1). Relapse occurred in 44 patients (57%) at a median of 6 mo (range 0.4-27.9) after (90)Y TARE and 41 patients (53%) died from tumor progression. Comparison between resin and glass microspheres revealed a higher but not statistically significantly PFS and OS rates in (90)Y resin group compared to (90)Y glass group (resin PFS 6.1 mo [95% Confidence interval CI 4.7-7.4] and glass PFS 5 mo [95% CI 0.9-9.2], P = 0.53; resin OS 7.7 mo [95% CI 7.2-8.2] and glass OS 7 mo [95% CI 1.6-12.4], P = 0.77). No significant survival difference between both types of (90)Y microspheres was observed in any subgroups of patients with early/intermediate or advanced BCLC stages. Among the variables investigated Cox analyses showed that only in the glass group, the BCLC staging system and the serum AFP level were associated with PFS (P = 0.04) and OS (P = 0.04). Tumor size was a prognostic factor without significant influence on PFS and OS after (90)Y TARE. CONCLUSION: Comparison between resin and glass microspheres revealed no significant survival difference in patients treated for uHCC with (90)Y TARE using pretreatment PMD. Further larger prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings. |
See more Yttrium products. Yttrium (atomic symbol: Y, atomic number: 39) is a Block D, Group 3, Period 5 element with an atomic weight of 88.90585. 
The number of electrons in each of yttrium's shells is [2, 8, 18, 9, 2] and its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d1 5s2. The yttrium atom has a radius of 180 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 219 pm. Yttrium was discovered by Johann Gadolin in 1794 and first isolated by Carl Gustav Mosander in 1840. In its elemental form, Yttrium has a silvery white metallic appearance. Yttrium has the highest thermodynamic affinity for oxygen of any element. 
Yttrium is not found in nature as a free element and is almost always found combined with the lanthanides in rare earth minerals. While not part of the rare earth series, it resembles the heavy rare earths which are sometimes referred to as the "yttrics" for this reason. Another unique characteristic derives from its ability to form crystals with useful properties. The name yttrium originated from a Swedish village near Vaxholm called Yttbery where it was discovered.