Curium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
 Curium is a Block P, Group 3, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of Curium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2. In its elemental form curium's CAS number is 7440-51-9. The curium atom has a radius of 174.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Curium is radioactive.
Curium is produced by bombarding uranium or plutonium with neutrons in nuclear reactors. Curium is found in spent nuclear fuel and small amounts are produced for research. Curium was discovered by Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James and Albert Ghiorso in 1944. The element was named in honor of Marie and Pierre Curie.
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 curio |
 Cúrio |
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Curium Safety Data. The safety data for curium metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin. Curium compounds have no biological role.
Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for curium (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:
| 1st Ionization Energy |
580.85 kJ mol-1 |
| 2nd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
| 3rd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
Conductivity. As to curium's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is - µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is -. The thermal conductivity of curium is - W m-1 K-1.
Thermal Properties of Curium. The melting point and boiling point for curium are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.
| Heat of Fusion |
-kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Vaporization |
- kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Atomization |
382 kJ mol-1 |
Recent Research & Development for Curium
Separation of americium from curium by oxidation and ion exchange.
Burns JD, Shehee TC, Clearfield A, Hobbs DT.
Anal Chem. 2012 Aug 21;84(16):6930-2. Epub 2012 Jul 31.
PMID:
22827724
[PubMed - in process]
Does Covalency Increase or Decrease across the Actinide Series? Implications for Minor Actinide Partitioning.
Kaltsoyannis N.
Inorg Chem. 2012 Jun 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22668004
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Curium(III) borate shows coordination environments of both plutonium(III) and americium(III) borates.
Polinski MJ, Wang S, Alekseev EV, Depmeier W, Liu G, Haire RG, Albrecht-Schmitt TE.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Feb 20;51(8):1869-72. doi: 10.1002/anie.201107956. Epub 2012 Jan 13. No abstract available.
PMID:
22246722
[PubMed]
[Pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy of pentetate calcium trisodium and pentetate zinc trisodium, antidotes for transuranium elements].
Abe T.
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2012 Jan;139(1):33-8. Japanese. No abstract available.
PMID:
22230879
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Recidivism in subgroups of serious juvenile offenders: different profiles, different risks?
Mulder E, Vermunt J, Brand E, Bullens R, van Marle H.
Crim Behav Ment Health. 2012 Apr;22(2):122-35. doi: 10.1002/cbm.1819. Epub 2011 Dec 30.
PMID:
22213477
[PubMed - in process]
Cumulative effects of mothers' risk and promotive factors on daughters' disruptive behavior.
van der Molen E, Hipwell AE, Vermeiren R, Loeber R.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2012 Jul;40(5):727-39.
PMID:
22127641
[PubMed - in process]
Free PMC Article
Assessment of the radionuclide composition of "hot particles" sampled in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant fourth reactor unit.
Bondarkov MD, Zheltonozhsky VA, Zheltonozhskaya MV, Kulich NV, Maksimenko AM, Farfán EB, Jannik GT, Marra JC.
Health Phys. 2011 Oct;101(4):368-74.
PMID:
21878762
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Gas-phase reactions of doubly charged actinide cations with alkanes and alkenes--probing the chemical activity of 5f electrons from Th to Cm.
Marçalo J, Santos M, Gibson JK.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Nov 7;13(41):18322-9. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
PMID:
21850292
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Selective recognition of americium by peptide-based reagents.
Özçubukçu S, Mandal K, Wegner S, Jensen MP, He C.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):7937-9. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
PMID:
21819087
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
An emergency bioassay method for actinides in urine.
Dai X, Kramer-Tremblay S.
Health Phys. 2011 Aug;101(2):144-7.
PMID:
21709501
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Actinide sulfides in the gas phase: experimental and theoretical studies of the thermochemistry of AnS (An = Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am and Cm).
Pereira CC, Marsden CJ, Marçalo J, Gibson JK.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Jul 28;13(28):12940-58. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
PMID:
21687883
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Hydration shell structure and dynamics of curium(III) in aqueous solution: first principles and empirical studies.
Atta-Fynn R, Bylaska EJ, Schenter GK, de Jong WA.
J Phys Chem A. 2011 May 12;115(18):4665-77. Epub 2011 Apr 18.
PMID:
21500828
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Parent-reported attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and subtypes of conduct disorder as risk factor of recidivism in detained male adolescents.
Colins O, Vermeiren R, Vahl P, Markus M, Broekaert E, Doreleijers T.
Eur Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;27(5):329-34. Epub 2011 Mar 21.
PMID:
21420836
[PubMed - in process]
Maternal characteristics predicting young girls' disruptive behavior.
van der Molen E, Hipwell AE, Vermeiren R, Loeber R.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2011;40(2):179-90.
PMID:
21391016
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Free PMC Article
Psychiatric disorder in detained male adolescents as risk factor for serious recidivism.
Colins O, Vermeiren R, Vahl P, Markus M, Broekaert E, Doreleijers T.
Can J Psychiatry. 2011 Jan;56(1):44-50.
PMID:
21324242
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Sorption of curium by silica colloids: effect of humic acid.
Kar AS, Kumar S, Tomar BS, Manchanda VK.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Feb 28;186(2-3):1961-5. Epub 2010 Dec 25.
PMID:
21236572
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Chemical speciation of trivalent actinides and lanthanides in biological fluids: the dominant in vitro binding form of curium(III) and europium(III) in human urine.
Heller A, Barkleit A, Bernhard G.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Feb 18;24(2):193-203. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
PMID:
21142120
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
The effect of temperature on the complexation of Cm(III) with nitrate in aqueous solutions.
Rao L, Tian G.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Jan 28;40(4):914-8. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
PMID:
21135933
[PubMed]
6-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine as ligand for actinide(III)/lanthanide(III) separation.
Girnt D, Roesky PW, Geist A, Ruff CM, Panak PJ, Denecke MA.
Inorg Chem. 2010 Oct 18;49(20):9627-35.
PMID:
20849125
[PubMed]
Determining the relative toxicity and RBE of internal emitters in animals.
Priest ND, Hoel D.
Health Phys. 2010 Sep;99(3):367-70.
PMID:
20699699
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
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