Electrical Properties of BaCaTiSnO₃ Lead-Free Ceramics with the Addition of Nano-CeO₂.

Title Electrical Properties of BaCaTiSnO₃ Lead-Free Ceramics with the Addition of Nano-CeO₂.
Authors Zhao, T.X.; Qiu, J.H.; Ma, M.G.; Chen, Z.H.; Li, C.B.; Jia, X.G.
Journal J Nanosci Nanotechnol
DOI 10.1166/jnn.2019.16574
Abstract

Well dispersed CeO₂ nanoparticles are prepared by azeotropic co-precipitation method. (BaCa)(TiSn)O₃ lead-free piezoelectric ceramics doped with nano-CeO₂ ( =0 mol%, 0.03 mol%, and 0.07 mol%) and micro-CeO₂ ( = 0.03 mol%) are prepared at 1430 °C for 2 h by the conventional solid state sintering method. XRD diffraction indicates that all components have typical perovskite structure. Both doping of nano-CeO₂ and micro-CeO₂ can inhibit grain growth. And the average grain size decreased apparently with the increase of nano-CeO₂ amount. All the samples exhibit typical diffuse phase transition behavior. The optimized electrical performances are obtained at = 0.03 mol% with = 512 pC/N, = 41.5%, and = 14.00 μC/cm².

Citation Zhao, T.X.; Qiu, J.H.; Ma, M.G.; Chen, Z.H.; Li, C.B.; Jia, X.G..Electrical Properties of BaCaTiSnO₃ Lead-Free Ceramics with the Addition of Nano-CeO₂..

Related Elements

Lead

82 Pb 207.200000000 Lead

Lead Bohr ModelSee more Lead products. Lead (atomic symbol: Pb, atomic number: 82) is a Block P, Group 14, Period 6 element with an atomic radius of 207.2. The number of electrons in each of Lead's shells is [2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4] and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2. The lead atom has a radius of 175 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 202 pm. In its elemental form, lead has a metallic gray appearance. Lead occurs naturally as a mixture of four stable isotopes: 204Pb (1.48%), 206Pb (23.6%), 207Pb (22.6%), and 208Pb (52.3%). Elemental LeadLead is obtained mainly from galena (PbS) by a roasting process. Anglesite, cerussite, and minim are other common lead containing minerals. Lead does occur as a free element in nature, but it is rare. It is a dense, soft metal that is very resistant to corrosion and poorly conductive compared to other metals. Its density and low melting point make it useful in applications such as electrolysis and industrial materials.

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